scholarly journals Implicit associations of teleology and essentialism concepts with genetics concepts among secondary school students

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0242189
Author(s):  
Florian Stern ◽  
Marine Delaval ◽  
Kostas Kampourakis ◽  
Andreas Müller

In this article, we present the development and validation of an implicit association test for measuring secondary school students’ associations between genetics concepts and teleology concepts on the one hand, and between genetics concepts and essentialism concepts on the other hand. In total, 169 students from 16 school classes took part in the study, from January 2018 to May 2018. We investigated the strength of the aforementioned associations and the influence of various covariates such as gender, age, school class, or previous learning of biology on the association of teleology or essentialism concepts with genetics concepts through an analysis of covariance and a multi-level analysis. We found moderate associations between genetics and teleology concepts, as well as between genetics and essentialism concepts. These results might reflect a tendency of students of different ages and with various backgrounds to think about genes in terms of goals (teleology) and stability (essentialism), which should be investigated further in future research.

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Isnatul Husniah ◽  
Habiddin Habiddin ◽  
Muhammad Sua’idy ◽  
Nuryono Nuryono

This paper outlines the development and validation of a Four-tier instrument in the topic of salt hydrolysis (FTISH). The instrument was developed by using the procedure of FTDICK instrument as published by Habiddin & Page (2019). This study was a part of other separates studies conducted by other groups of researchers including Devita, Habiddin & Suaidy (2019) (in press). This study involved 127 students in total and data collection were carried out two times involving 64 students in the first data collection and 63 students in the second one. The participants of both groups were public secondary school students from Malang. The FTISH consists of 23 questions. The results show that the validity of the questions ranged between 0.263 and 0.745. The reliability of the instrument was 0.80 and falls in the high category. The future implementation of the instrument to support the teaching and learning of salt hydrolysis are also discussed.


2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majella J. Albion ◽  
Gerard J. Fogarty

A comparison is made between the career decision making of secondary school students who are also elite athletes and a sample of non-athlete students. The 226 athletes (111 females, 115 males) in the study were on sporting scholarships with the Australian Institute of Sport or state/territory institutions. Measures used included the Career Decision Difficulties Questionnaire and the Athletic Identity Measurement Scale. The non-athlete data were obtained from 272 secondary school students (149 females, 123 males). Only three athletes indicated a singular focus on a career in professional sport. There were significant relationships between athletic identity and career decision difficulties, especially in relation to dysfunctional myths, and there was only one difference between the difficulties reported by athletes and non-athletes. Tentative conclusions are drawn about the factors that impact on career decision making among elite athletes and possible directions for future research.


2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sibnath Deb ◽  
Esben Strodl ◽  
Jiandong Sun

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the prevalence of academic stress and exam anxiety among private secondary school students in India as well as the associations with socio-economic and study-related factors. Design/methodology/approach – Participants were 400 adolescent students (52 percent male) from five private secondary schools in Kolkata who were studying in grades 10 and 12. Participants were selected using a multi-stage sampling technique and were assessed using a study-specific questionnaire. Findings – Findings revealed that 35 and 37 percent reported high or very high levels of academic stress and exam anxiety respectively. All students reported high levels of academic stress, but those who had lower grades reported higher levels of stress than those with higher grades. Students who engaged in extra-curricula activities were more likely to report exam anxiety than those who did not engage in extra-curricula activities. Practical implications – Private high school students in India report high levels of academic stress and exam anxiety. As such there is a need to develop effective interventions to help these students better manage their stress and anxiety. Originality/value – This is the first study the authors are aware of that explores the academic stress levels of private secondary school students in India. The study identifies factors that may be associated with the experience of high levels of stress that need to be explored further in future research.


2013 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 1011-1032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Furlong ◽  
Sukkyung You ◽  
Tyler L. Renshaw ◽  
Douglas C. Smith ◽  
Meagan D. O’Malley

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (32) ◽  
pp. 271
Author(s):  
Chinyelu Nwokolo ◽  
Obianuju Blessing Mokwelu ◽  
Uche Eva Eneasator

Test anxiety constitutes a serious academic impediment to lots of students in schools. This study investigated the Effects of Meditation technique on test anxiety among secondary school students in Anambra State, Nigeria. Two research questions guided the study and two null hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. Quasi-experimental research was adopted in carrying out the study. A sample size of 101 adolescents was chosen from a population of 475 adolescents in SS2 with test anxiety. The sample was derived from two schools selected using purposive sampling technique based on the number of students that scored high on Test Anxiety Inventory. Data relating to research questions were analysed using statistical Mean while data relating to hypothesis was analysed using Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). Findings from the study revealed among others that though the reduction of secondary school students’ test anxiety after meditation technique differed significantly with that of the conventional counselling group, meditation technique was not effective on secondary school students’ test anxiety. It further revealed that meditation technique reduced the secondary school students’ test anxiety. Based on the findings, implications of the study were noted and recommendations made that since the technique meditation was found not to be effective, but significantly reduced the test anxiety of the participants, the technique should not be used alone by the guidance counsellors in helping clients, especially students in overcoming their test anxiety in schools.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Nwoke Bright Ihechukwu

The study investigated the impact of instructional scaffolding approach on secondary school students’ achievement in Mathematics. The study was carried out in Owerri Municipal Council of Imo State. The study was a quasi-experimental research type adopting the pre-test post test non equivalent control design in carrying out the study. A sample of 237 senior secondary school II (SS II) students consisting of 81 males and 156 females was used for the study. The instrument for data collection was a researcher made 30 items objective test questions titled “Mathematics Achievement Test (MAT)”. The instrument had reliability coefficient of 0.85 determined using Kuder Richardson 20 formula  (KR20). The experiment group was taught mathematics using instructional scaffolding approach while the control group was taught using traditional approach. The data generated was analyzed using mean and standard deviation to answer research questions while Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The result of the study revealed that instructional scaffolding is effective in enhancing secondary school students’ achievement in mathematics and minimized gender bias. Based on the result it was recommended that mathematics teachers at secondary school level should apply instructional scaffolding approach in teaching to enhance students’ achievement.


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-33
Author(s):  
Pjotr Yanjshin

The article deals with the theoretical task of testing the correctness of distinguishing creative giftedness as a special type of giftedness. As well as that, the presence of a correlation between the characteristic features of giftedness, on the one hand, and the signs of social psychological adaptation/maladaptation, on the other, is investigated on a sample of 583 secondary school students. The data was drawn from interviews with the teachers. A strong correlation was revealed between the instrumental factor of “Spontaneous Creative Activity” and the motivational factor of “Research Enthusiasm”, however the individuals who demonstrated these giftedness signs accounted for only 3.4% of the sample. An equally strong correlation was observed between the motivational factor "High Cognitive Motivation" and the instrumental factor "Efficiency and Depth of Knowledge Acquisition" which characterize "academic giftedness". The orthogonality of factors calls into question the possibility of deducing academic productivity and creativity from the same source. The factors of academic giftedness are positively associated with the adaptive characteristics of behavior in school environment. The factors of creative giftedness correlate negatively with adaptive behavioral traits.


Author(s):  
Zsófia Ludányi ◽  
Ágnes Domonkosi

Education of Hungarian as L1 requires an approach and methods that place much greater emphasis on students’ own language experiences. The aim of this article is to present the principles and methodological aspects of a competition that invited secondary school students to submit language diaries. The aim of this competition was to test a model of teaching Hungarian as L1 which focuses on real language problems and is based on the one hand on the theory of problembased learning (PBL) and on the other hand on Language Management Theory (LMT). The competition was motivated by the fact that the method had not been tested before, based on the language experiences and reflections of students in public education.


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