Association between low muscle mass and metabolic syndrome in elderly Japanese women

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an important predictor of mortality in older adulthood, but it is not reliably related to measures of body composition such as body mass index in older adults, as opposed to those in earlier life stages. Previous research suggests that skeletal muscle mass is related to cardiovascular risk in older adulthood, but it is difficult to measure muscle mass accurately and independently of body fat. This study aimed to examine the relationship between body composition and cardiovascular risk factors among women in older adulthood. A cross-sectional observational clinical study was conducted at a single medical clinic in Tokyo, Japan. Participants included 90 healthy Japanese women aged 65 years and older. MetS risk factors were assessed. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) was assessed using dual-emission X-ray absorptiometry. Visceral fat area (VFA) was measured using computed tomography. VFA positively correlated with ASM and MetS, whereas ASM and MetS did not correlate with each other. Using VFA and ASM data in a MetS multiple linear regression model, the association between VFA and MetS remained positive, whereas a significant negative relationship emerged between ASM and MetS. Lower muscle mass was independently associated with higher cardiovascular risk after controlling for VFA. Clinical interventions to reduce muscle loss in older adulthood may be beneficial for reducing the risk of MetS and improving cardiovascular health.

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Comparison And Correlation Between Cardiovascular Risk Factors And Skeletal Muscle Mass In Healthy Young Adults

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1249/01.mss.0000683968.28739.40 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 52 (7S) ◽

pp. 802-802

Author(s):

Yeonhwi Kim ◽

Minje Ji ◽

Sewon Lee

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Young Adults ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Skeletal Muscle Mass

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Relationship between age-related decreases in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and skeletal muscle mass in Japanese women

The Journal of Medical Investigation ◽

10.2152/jmi.67.151 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 67 (1.2) ◽

pp. 151-157 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Michiko Sato ◽

Teruhiro Morishita ◽

Takafumi Katayama ◽

Shigeko Satomura ◽

Hiroko Okuno ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽

Japanese Women ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Age Related ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D

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Body composition and energy intake — skeletal muscle mass is the strongest predictor of food intake in obese adolescents: The HEARTY trial

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/apnm-2015-0479 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 41 (6) ◽

pp. 611-617 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Jameason D. Cameron ◽

Ronald J. Sigal ◽

Glen P. Kenny ◽

Angela S. Alberga ◽

Denis Prud’homme ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Body Composition ◽

Body Weight ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽

Fat Free Mass ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Percentage Body Fat ◽

Obese Adolescents

There has been renewed interest in examining the relationship between specific components of energy expenditure and the overall influence on energy intake (EI). The purpose of this cross-sectional analysis was to determine the strongest metabolic and anthropometric predictors of EI. It was hypothesized that resting metabolic rate (RMR) and skeletal muscle mass would be the strongest predictors of EI in a sample of overweight and obese adolescents. 304 post-pubertal adolescents (91 boys, 213 girls) aged 16.1 (±1.4) years with body mass index at or above the 95th percentile for age and sex OR at or above the 85th percentile plus an additional diabetes risk factor were measured for body weight, RMR (kcal/day) by indirect calorimetry, body composition by magnetic resonance imaging (fat free mass (FFM), skeletal muscle mass, fat mass (FM), and percentage body fat), and EI (kcal/day) using 3 day food records. Body weight, RMR, FFM, skeletal muscle mass, and FM were all significantly correlated with EI (p < 0.005). After adjusting the model for age, sex, height, and physical activity, only FFM (β = 21.9, p = 0.007) and skeletal muscle mass (β = 25.8, p = 0.02) remained as significant predictors of EI. FFM and skeletal muscle mass also predicted dietary protein and fat intake (p < 0.05), but not carbohydrate intake. In conclusion, with skeletal muscle mass being the best predictor of EI, our results support the hypothesis that the magnitude of the body’s lean tissue is related to absolute levels of EI in a sample of inactive adolescents with obesity.

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Combining Amino Acid and Vitamin D Supplementation with Exercise Training Increases Skeletal Muscle Mass and Prevent Bone Mineral Density Loss in Participants with Low Muscle Mass

Global Journal of Health Science ◽

10.5539/gjhs.v10n2p28 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 28

Author(s):

Ha Cao Thi Thu ◽

Satoshi Kurose ◽

Yaeko Fukushima ◽

Nana Takao ◽

Natsuko Nakamura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Body Composition ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽

Vitamin D Supplementation ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Supplement Group

This study evaluated the impact of exercise training with amino acid and vitamin D supplementation on muscle and bone mass in participants with low muscle volume. Twenty-nine Japanese participants (56-84 years old) were enrolled and assigned into the supplement (n=15) and non-supplement (n=14) groups. All participants underwent a 6-month exercise program. Supplements and nutrition support were provided to the participants in the supplement group for 12 weeks. Body composition and whole bone mineral density (BMD) were measured using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. The outcomes, including body composition, whole BMD, and skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), were evaluated twice: pre- and post-intervention. The SMI was 6.51(6.28; 7.14) and 5.58 (5.24; 6.05) (kg/m2) in men and women, respectively. The average SMI change was 0.13% (-0.05%; 0.31%) and 2.33% (-0.88%; 5.48%); [mean (lower; upper quartile)]. The average BMD loss in the non-supplement group was -2.78%, and the BMD increased in the supplement group by 4.34%; there was an absolute difference between the two groups (p<0.05). After the intervention, serum myostatin was changed (p=0.001, non-supplement>supplement), serum vitamin D was increased (p=0.03; supplement>non-supplement), and BMD was maintained (p=0.03, supplement>non-supplement). There was a significant difference in the serum myostatin level at baseline and at 6-month in the non-supplement group, with a mean difference of 483.78 ng/ml (p=0.01). There was no significant improvement in the total lean mass, and handgrip strength. Resistance exercise combined with an amino acid supplement affects muscle and bone mass in the short-term intervention.

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Appendicular skeletal muscle mass to truncal fat mass ratio as a new index for osteosarcopenic obesity syndrome in older adults: emphasizing the role of central obesity

10.21203/rs.2.22583/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Lazuardhi Dwipa ◽

Rini Widiastuti ◽

Alif Bagus Rakhimullah ◽

Marcellinus Maharsidi ◽

Yuni Susanti Pratiwi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Body Composition ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Central Obesity ◽

Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Appendicular Skeletal Muscle ◽

Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass

Abstract Background The relationship between obesity and low bone mineral density (BMD) in older adults is still unclear. Most of the previous study did not account the factor of sarcopenia which is the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass due to aging, and distribution of fat in obesity. Thus, this study was aimed to explore the correlation between appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM), total fat mass (FM), and truncal fat mass (TrFM) as well as indexes (ASMM/FM and ASMM/TrFM ratio) with BMD in older adults.Methods This was an analytic cross-sectional study. Dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA) were used to assess BMD and body composition, respectively. Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass (ASMM) were used in the analysis to reflect sarcopenia, Fat Mass (FM) and Trunkal Fat Mass (TrFM) were used to reflect general and central obesity, respectively. All data were obtained from medical records of Geriatric Clinic of Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung Indonesia from January 2014 to December 2018. The correlation between body compositions variable with BMD were analyzed using Spearman’s test. We also conducted a comparison analysis of body composition variables between low and normal BMD using Mann-Whitney test. Results A total of 112 subjects were enrolled in the study. ASMM and TrFM were positive (rs=0.517, p<0.001) and negative (rS=-0.22, p=0.02) correlated with BMD, respectively. FM were not correlated with BMD, rS=-0.113 (p=0.234). As indexes, ASMM/FM and ASMM/TrFM had positive correlation with BMD, rS=0.277 (p<0.001), and rS=0.391 (p<0.001), respectively. The ASMM, TrFM, and ASMM/TrFM ratio between normal and low BMD also significantly different (p<0.001), meanwhile FM were not (p=0.204).Conclusion ASMM and TrFM have a positive and negative correlation with BMD, respectively. ASMM/TrFM ratio as new sarcopenia-central obesity index has a positive correlation with BMD.

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P0960HOME BASED RESISTANCE EXERCISE PROGRAM AND SARCOPENIA IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS: IT IS A USEFUL INTERVENTION?

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation ◽

10.1093/ndt/gfaa142.p0960 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽

Author(s):

Vicent Esteve Simó ◽

Anna Junqué Jiménez ◽

Verónica Duarte Gallego ◽

Irati Tapia González ◽

Fátima Moreno Guzmán ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Body Composition ◽

Resistance Exercise ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Functional Capacity ◽

Muscular Strength ◽

Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽

Exercise Program ◽

Hemodialysis Patients ◽

Home Based

Abstract Background and Aims Sarcopenia is a skeletal muscle disorder associated with adverse outcomes including falls, physical disability and mortality particularly in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Currently, progressive resistance training exercise has been shown a proven method to treat and prevent sarcopenia. Nevertheless, these findings are poorly investigated in HD patients since exercise programs are not widespread. The aim of our study was to assess the effect of a home-based resistance exercise program (HBREP) on muscular strength, functional capacity and body composition in our hemodialysis patients with sarcopenia according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People criteria (EWGSOP2). Method A 12 weeks single-center prospective study. HD patients from our institution with EWGSOP2 sarcopenia diagnosis were enrolled in a HBREP. Demographical an anthropometrical data, main biochemical and nutritional parameters, hand grip (HG) muscular strength, functional capacity tests: Sit to stand to seat 5 (STS5); Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), gait speed (GS), as well as body composition determined by electrical bioimpedance (BIA) and sarcopenia severity were analized. Results 18 HD patients with sarcopenia (71.4% severe) were included (4 drop out).78.6% men. Mean age 74.7 years and 53.3 months on HD. The main etiologies of ESRD were the HBP (21.4%) and DM (14.3%). Globally, a significant improvement was observed at the end of the study in relation to muscular strength (HG 19.9±6.1 vs 22.2±7.1 kg, p 0.001) and functional capacity tests (STS5 21.9±10.3 vs 17.2±9.9 sec, p 0.001; SPPB (6.9±2.3 vs 9.1±2.5 score, p 0.001 and GS 0.8±0.1 vs 0.9±0.2 m/s, p 0.015). Likewise, higher total skeletal muscle mass (SMM, 14.3±2.8 vs 14.5±2.9 kg) and SMM index (SMM/height2, 5.5±0.7 vs 5.7±0.9 Kg/m2 ) were found at the end of the study, although these differences were not significant. Finally, 2 patients (14.8%) reverse the EWGSOP2 sarcopenia criteria and 3 (21.4%) enhanced their severe sarcopenia. No relevant changes regarding anthropometrical data, main biochemical and nutritional parameters or dialysis adequacy were observed at the end of the study. Conclusion A home-based resistance exercise program improves muscular strength, functional capacity and body composition in our sarcopenic hemodialysis patients. With our results, home-based resistance exercise programs should be considered a key point in the prevention and treatment of skeletal muscle mass reduction due to sarcopenia in these patients. Further studies are mandatory to confirm our encouraging results.

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Skeletal muscle mass to visceral fat area ratio is associated with metabolic syndrome and arterial stiffness: The Korean Sarcopenic Obesity Study (KSOS)

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice ◽

10.1016/j.diabres.2011.06.013 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 93 (2) ◽

pp. 285-291 ◽

Cited By ~ 86

Author(s):

Tae Nyun Kim ◽

Man Sik Park ◽

Kang Il Lim ◽

Sae Jeong Yang ◽

Hye Jin Yoo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Visceral Fat ◽

Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽

Area Ratio ◽

Sarcopenic Obesity ◽

Visceral Fat Area

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Body composition as a predictor of sunitinib toxicity in patients with renal cell carcinoma.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.e15566 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e15566-e15566

Author(s):

Samantha Cushen ◽

Aoife M Ryan ◽

MinYuen Teo ◽

Peter MacEneaney ◽

Patrick McLaughlin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Body Composition ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Renal Cell ◽

Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽

Cell Cancer ◽

Drug Dose ◽

Fat Free Mass ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Overweight Group

e15566 Background: Sunitinib is a standard first-line option for metastatic renal cell cancer (mRCC). Identification of biomarkers associated with outcome or toxicity is a challenge. Body composition is a prognostic factor in cancer and sarcopenia is associated with treatment toxicity and survival. We investigated if body composition by CT scan predicted dose limiting toxicity (DLT) from sunitinib in mRCC. Methods: Patients (pts) with mRCC receiving sunitinib 50mg as 1stline therapy between 2007-2012 were included. Ethical approval was obtained and prospectively maintained databases analysed. Skeletal muscle cross-sectional area at L3 was measured by CT. Sarcopenia was defined using published cut offs. Toxicity was assessed after 4 cycles of drug (CTCAE, v4.0). Results: 55 pts (43 male), mean age 64yrs (±10.6) were included. 67% were overweight/obese (BMI>25kg/m2). Sarcopenia was present in 33% (56% of normal BMI, 44% overweight group). Overall 40 pts (73%) experienced DLT (51% M, 100% F, p<0.016). DLT occurred in <6 months in 53% (44% M vs 83% F, p<0.016) and these pts were older (mean 68 yrs vs 60 yrs, p<0.01), had lower skeletal muscle mass (51.8 cm2/m2 vs 59.4 cm2/m2, p<0.012), and fat free mass (FFM) (51.4kg vs 57.7kg, p<0.03), and received higher drug dose in mg/kg FFM (1.01 vs 0.89, p<0.02). Common toxicities were GI (65%) and fatigue (47%). Of pts <25th percentile skeletal muscle mass 92% experienced DLT, higher than pts >75th percentile (p<0.05). Pts <25th percentile had an average of 5 toxicities vs 2 in those >75th percentile (p<0.003). All toxicities were more common in muscle wasted patients (p<0.05). 77% (n=10) of pts receiving a drug dose >75th percentile (1.105mg/FFM) experienced DLT in <6 months vs 44% (n=17) receiving a dose <75thpercentile (<1.099mg/FFM; p<0.037). Conclusions: Sarcopenia is prevalent in patients with mRCC, is easily measured, is an occult condition in pts with normal/high BMI, and is a significant predictor of DLT in pts receiving 1st line sunitinib. Our results highlight the potential use of baseline body composition to predict toxicity. The role of sarcopenia in targeted therapy is evolving and its potential to predict toxicity should be further studied.

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