Synergistic antibacterial effects of colistin in combination with aminoglycoside, carbapenems, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, fosfomycin, and piperacillin on multidrug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates

Multidrug resistant Enterobacterales have become a serious global health problem, with extended hospital stay and increased mortality. Antibiotic monotherapy has been reported ineffective against most drug resistant bacteria including Klebsiella pneumoniae, thus encouraging the use of multidrug therapies as an alternative antibacterial strategy. The present works assessed the antibacterial activity of colistin against K. pneumoniae isolates. Resistant isolates were tested against 16 conventional antibiotics alone and in combination with colistin. The results revealed that all colistin resistant isolates demonstrated multidrug resistance against the tested antibiotics except amikacin. At sub-inhibitory concentrations, combinations of colistin with amikacin, or fosfomycin showed synergism against 72.72% (8 of 11 isolates). Colistin with either of gentamicin, meropenem, cefoperazone, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, moxifloxacin, minocycline, or piperacillin exhibited synergism against 81.82% (9 of 11 isolates). Combinations of colistin with either of tobramycin or ciprofloxacin showed synergism against 45.45% (5 in 11 isolates), while combinations of colistin with imipenem or ceftolozane and tazobactam displayed 36.36% (4 of 11 isolates) and 63.64% (7 of 11 isolates) synergism. In addition, combinations of colistin with levofloxacin was synergistic against 90.91% (10 of 11 isolates). The results revealed that combinations of colistin with other antibiotics could effectively inhibit colistin resistant isolates of K. pneumoniae, and thus could be further explore for the treatment of multidrug resistant pathogens.

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Characterization of CTX-M-15-Klebsiella pneumoniae from inpatients and outpatients of a teaching hospital

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.53221.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. 444

Author(s):

Muzaheed Muzaheed ◽

Naveed Sattar Shaikh ◽

Saeed Sattar Shaikh ◽

Sadananda Acharya ◽

Shajiya Sarwar Moosa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Hospital Setting ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Influential Factor ◽

Detection Methods ◽

Clinical Samples ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Drug Resistant Bacteria

Background The presence of Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) positive bacteria in hospital setting is an aggravating influential factor for hospitalized patients, and its consequences may be hazardous. Therefore, there is a need for rapid detection methods for newly emerging drug-resistant bacteria. This study was aimed at the molecular characterization of ESBL-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates recovered from clinical samples. Methods A total of 513 K. pneumoniae isolates were obtained from various clinical samples during June 2019 to May 2020. The collected isolates were investigated for antimicrobial susceptibility (antibiogram), and PCR and DNA sequencing were performed to analyse the ESBL genes. Results Among the 513 isolates, as many as 359 (69.9%) were ESBL producers and 87.5% were multi-drug resistant, while none had resistance to imipenem. PCR scored 3% blaTEM, 3% blaSHV, and 60% blaCTX-M-15 genes for the tested isolates. Conclusion The study showed that CTX-M-15 was the major prevalent ESBL type among the isolates. Additionally, all the isolates were susceptible to carbapenems. Screening and detection of ESBL tests are necessary among all isolates from the enterobacteriaceae family in routine microbiology laboratory to prevent associated nosocomial infections. A larger study is essential to understand molecular epidemiology of ESBL producing organisms to minimize morbidities due to these multidrug resistant organisms.

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Complete Genome Sequence of a Novel Multidrug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Phage, vB_Kpn_IME260

Genome Announcements ◽

10.1128/genomea.00055-17 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (19) ◽

Author(s):

Shaozhen Xing ◽

Xiangchun Pan ◽

Qiang Sun ◽

Guangqian Pei ◽

Xiaoping An ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Phage Therapy ◽

Bacterial Pathogen ◽

Genomic Data ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Content Type ◽

Drug Resistant Bacteria

ABSTRACT Klebsiella pneumoniae is the most common clinically important opportunistic bacterial pathogen and its infection is often iatrogenic. Its drug resistance poses a grave threat to public health. The genomic data reported here comprise an important resource for research on phage therapy in the control of drug-resistant bacteria.

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Molecular Epidemiological Surveillance of CTX-M-15-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae from the patients of a teaching hospital.

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.53221.2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. 444

Author(s):

Muzaheed Muzaheed ◽

Naveed Sattar Shaikh ◽

Saeed Sattar Shaikh ◽

Sadananda Acharya ◽

Shajiya Sarwar Moosa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Hospital Setting ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Influential Factor ◽

Detection Methods ◽

Epidemiological Surveillance ◽

Clinical Samples ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Drug Resistant Bacteria

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Novel Seleno- and Thio-Urea Containing Dihydropyrrol-2-One Analogues as Antibacterial Agents

Antibiotics ◽

10.3390/antibiotics10030321 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 321

Author(s):

Shekh Sabir ◽

Tsz Tin Yu ◽

Rajesh Kuppusamy ◽

Basmah Almohaywi ◽

George Iskander ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Quorum Sensing ◽

Antibacterial Agents ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Positive Bacterium ◽

Quorum Sensing Inhibition ◽

Drug Resistant Bacteria

The quorum sensing (QS) system in multi-drug-resistant bacteria such as P. aeruginosa is primarily responsible for the development of antibiotic resistance and is considered an attractive target for antimicrobial drug discovery. In this study, we synthesised a series of novel selenourea and thiourea-containing dihydropyrrol-2-one (DHP) analogues as LasR antagonists. The selenium DHP derivatives displayed significantly better quorum-sensing inhibition (QSI) activities than the corresponding sulphur analogues. The most potent analogue 3e efficiently inhibited the las QS system by 81% at 125 µM and 53% at 31 µM. Additionally, all the compounds were screened for their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against the Gram-positive bacterium S. aureus, and interestingly, only the selenium analogues showed antibacterial activity, with 3c and 3e being the most potent with a MIC of 15.6 µM.

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Erratum to: Antibacterial Effects of Amino Acids-grafted Water-soluble Chitosan against Drug-resistant Bacteria

Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering ◽

10.1007/s12257-016-2144-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 501-501

Author(s):

Jun-Ho Kim ◽

Nam-Hong Kim ◽

Eun-Ji Kim ◽

Ji Ho Kim ◽

Min-Young Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Antibacterial Effects ◽

Drug Resistant Bacteria

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Proposed amendments regarding the definitions of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant bacteria

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy ◽

10.1080/14787210.2021.1945922 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Petros I. Rafailidis ◽

Diamantis Kofteridis

Keyword(s):

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Extensively Drug Resistant ◽

Drug Resistant Bacteria

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A quest to the therapeutic arsenal: Novel strategies to combat multidrug-resistant bacteria

Current Gene Therapy ◽

10.2174/1566523221666210419084836 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

Author(s):

Priyanka Ashwath ◽

Akhila Dharnappa Sannejal

Keyword(s):

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Health Concern ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Antimicrobial Drugs ◽

Short Palindromic Repeat ◽

Prevention Of Infections ◽

Resistant Bacterial Strain ◽

Conventional Antibiotics ◽

Drug Resistant Strains

: The increasing resistance of the disease-causing pathogens to antimicrobial drugs is a public health concern and a socio-economic burden. The emergence of multi-drug resistant strains has made it harder to treat and combat infectious diseases with available conventional antibiotics. There are currently few effective therapeutic regimens for the successful prevention of infections caused by drug-resistant microbes. The various alternative strategies used in the recent past to decrease and limit antibiotic resistance in pathogens include bacteriophages, vaccines, anti-biofilm peptides, and antimicrobial peptides. However, in this review, we focus on the novel and robust molecular approach of antisense RNA (asRNA) technology and the clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-based antibiotic therapy, which can be exploited to selectively eradicate the drug-resistant bacterial strain in a sequence-specific fashion establishing opportunities in the treatment of multi-drug resistant related infections.

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Synergistic Antibacterial Activity of Lantana camara L., Parthenium hysterophorus L., Cannabis sativa L. and Justicia adhatoda L. Leaves Extract against Procured Multi-drug Resistant Bacteria In Vitro

European Journal of Medicinal Plants ◽

10.9734/ejmp/2021/v32i330379 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 34-40

Author(s):

Jyoti Chandola ◽

Pooja Singh ◽

Rishabh Garg ◽

Narotam Sharma

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Medicinal Plants ◽

Cannabis Sativa ◽

Lantana Camara ◽

Parthenium Hysterophorus ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Drug Resistant Bacteria ◽

Weed Plants ◽

Justicia Adhatoda

The scientific study of this research has been focused on synergistic antibacterial activity of two weed plants, Lantana camara L., Parthenium hysterophorus L. alongwith two medicinal plants, Cannabis sativa L., Justicia adhatoda L. against multi- drug resistant (MDR) bacteria. Dried leaf powders of the plants were extracted using air-dried method followed by the ethanol- solvent extraction method for the crude extract of the leaves. The crude extracts were tested for antibacterial activity against three MDR bacteria, that is, one Gram positive bacteria- Staphylococcus aureus and two Gram negative bacteria- Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis. Out of 18 antibiotics tested against procured bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus was resistant to 10 out of 10 tested antibiotics, Escherichia coli was resistant to 4 out of 12 tested antibiotics and Proteus mirabilis was resistant to 9 out of 10 tested antibiotics. The tested weed plants and the medicinal plants when combined together showed more zone of inhibition against multidrug resistant bacteria ( Two combinations of phytochemicals Lantana camara, Cannabis sativa and Lantana camara, Cannabis sativa, Justicia adhatoda, Parthenium hysterophorus showed maximum zones of inhibition, that is, 30 mm) as compared to when these plants were tested solitarily, showing pronounced antibacterial activity. These findings showed that the antibacterial activity enhanced when they were combined together and this potential could be used against various infectious diseases with more research and modification in this area. Weed plants also holds as much importance as the medicinal plants although not to that extent, but they clearly inhibit the growth of bacteria and this property of weeds along with the medicinal plants holds a promising future in treating many diseases caused by multi-drug resistant bacteria on the pharmaceutical level.

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Quorum Sensing Inhibition in Chromobacterium violaceum, Antibacterial Activity and GC-MS Analysis of Centaurea praecox (Oliv. & Hiern) Extracts

Letters in Applied NanoBioScience ◽

10.33263/lianbs94.15691577 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 1569-1577

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Quorum Sensing ◽

Research Strategy ◽

Chromobacterium Violaceum ◽

Resistant Bacteria ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Control Drug ◽

Ms Analysis ◽

Drug Resistant Bacteria

The quorum sensing (QS) mechanism has become a viable research strategy for the discovery of plant-derived anti-virulent agents to control drug-resistant bacteria. The increasing incidences of drug-resistant bacteria and the effort to curb it necessitate this study. We investigated the QS inhibitory potential of Centaurea praecox extracts on Chromobacterium violaceum (CV), antibacterial activity, and determination of chemical composition using GC-MS. C. praecox was subjected to sequential extraction using hexane (HEX), dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate (EA), ethanol (ET), and aqueous (AQ) solvents. The extracts were subsequently evaluated for antibacterial activity using disc diffusion and QS violacein inhibition using spectrophotometry. The antibacterial effects of the extracts were moderate on gram-positive bacteria at 4 mg/mL in the order: HEX >EA >DCM >ET =AQ. However, the DCM extract demonstrated the most effective violacein inhibition of ≥80% at 0.3 mg/mL. QS violacein inhibitions were generally found to be concentration-dependent in the order: DCM >EA >HEX >ET =AQ with efficacies of ≥ 90% inhibition at ≥ 0.6 mg/mL. GC-MS analysis on the most potent DCM extract revealed N-vinylmethanimine, N-ethyl formamide, and propanamide among components identified. We concluded that C. praecox DCM extract contains bioactive chemicals as QS inhibitors and potential anti-virulent agents capable of combating the pathogenicity of drug-resistant bacteria in vivo.

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