scholarly journals Finding uncommon ground: Extremist online forum engagement predicts integrative complexity

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245651
Author(s):  
Andrew L. Gregory ◽  
Paul K. Piff
Keyword(s):  
Online Community ◽  
Group Cohesion ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Integrative Complexity ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Language Data ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Language Style Matching

How do interactions with an ideologically extreme online community affect cognition? In this paper, we examine whether engagement with an online neo-Nazi forum is associated with more one-sided, “black and white” thinking. Using naturalistic language data, we examined differences in integrative complexity, a measure of the degree to which people acknowledge and reconcile conflicting ideas and viewpoints, and contrasted it with Language Style Matching, a measure of group cohesion. In a large web scraping study (N = 1,891), we tested whether two measures of engagement and interaction with the community are associated with less complex, balanced cognition. Using hierarchical regression modeling, we found that both individuals who had been community members for longer and those who had posted more tended to show less complexity in their language, even when accounting for mean differences between individuals. However, these differences in integrative complexity were distinct from group cohesion, which actually decreased with our measures of engagement. Despite small effect sizes, these findings indicate that ideologically extreme online communities may exacerbate the views of their members and contribute to ever-widening polarized cognitions.

scholarly journals Finding uncommon ground: Extremist online forum engagement predicts integrative complexity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Gregory ◽  
Paul Kayhan Piff
Keyword(s):  
Online Community ◽  
Regression Modeling ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Integrative Complexity ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Web Scraping ◽  
Language Data ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Mean Differences

How do interactions with an ideologically extreme online community affect cognition? In this paper, we examine whether engagement with an online neo-Nazi forum is associated with more one-sided, “black and white” thinking. Using naturalistic language data, we examined differences in integrative complexity, a measure of the degree to which people acknowledge and reconcile conflicting ideas and viewpoints. In a large web scraping study (N = 1,892), we tested whether two measures of engagement and interaction with the community are associated with less complex, balanced cognition. Using hierarchical regression modeling, we found that both individuals who had been community members for longer and those who had posted more tended to show less complexity in their language, even when accounting for mean differences between individuals. These findings indicate that ideologically extreme online communities may exacerbate the views of their members and contribute to ever-widening polarized cognitions.

The FATE Landscape of Sign Language AI Datasets

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-45
Author(s):  
Danielle Bragg ◽  
Naomi Caselli ◽  
Julie A. Hochgesang ◽  
Matt Huenerfauth ◽  
Leah Katz-Hernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sign Language ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Individual Data ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Sign Languages ◽  
Language Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
Language Technologies ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Access Mechanisms

Sign language datasets are essential to developing many sign language technologies. In particular, datasets are required for training artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) systems. Though the idea of using AI/ML for sign languages is not new, technology has now advanced to a point where developing such sign language technologies is becoming increasingly tractable. This critical juncture provides an opportunity to be thoughtful about an array of Fairness, Accountability, Transparency, and Ethics (FATE) considerations. Sign language datasets typically contain recordings of people signing, which is highly personal. The rights and responsibilities of the parties involved in data collection and storage are also complex and involve individual data contributors, data collectors or owners, and data users who may interact through a variety of exchange and access mechanisms. Deaf community members (and signers, more generally) are also central stakeholders in any end applications of sign language data. The centrality of sign language to deaf culture identity, coupled with a history of oppression, makes usage by technologists particularly sensitive. This piece presents many of these issues that characterize working with sign language AI datasets, based on the authors’ experiences living, working, and studying in this space.

Social Status in an Open-Source Community

2005 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 823-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Online Community ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Cues ◽  
Natural Setting ◽  
Laboratory Setting ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Software Developers ◽  
Status Mobility ◽  
The Status

Despite a fair amount of conjecture regarding the circumstances that lead to the generation of status orders, most of the previous literature in this area typically has studied the effects of social cues within a laboratory setting. This article analyzes the evolution of the status hierarchy within a large-scale, natural setting. The results of empirical analyses assessing a large online community of software developers show that in the process of status attainment, community members tend to evaluate a focal actor's reputation according to publicly available social references. Ironically, these same social references also work to constrain an actor's status mobility.

Relationship between the Wide Range Achievement Test 3 and the Wechsler Individual Achievement Test

1998 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 963-967 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa D. Smith ◽  
Billy L. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabled ◽  
Achievement Test ◽  
Wide Range Achievement Test ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Individual Achievement ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Education Resource ◽  
Wide Range Achievement

The present study examined the relationship between the Wide Range Achievement Test 3 and the Wechsler Individual Achievement Test for a sample of children with learning disabilities in two rural school districts. Data were collected for 87 school children who had been classified as learning disabled and placed in special education resource services. Pearson product-moment correlations between scores on the two measures were significant and moderate to high; however, mean scores were not significantly different on Reading, Spelling, and Arithmetic subtests of the Wide Range Achievement Test 3 compared to those for the Basic Reading, Spelling, and Mathematics Reasoning subtests of the Wechsler Individual Achievement Test. Although there were significant mean differences between scores on Reading and Reading Comprehension and on Arithmetic and Numerical Operations, magnitudes were small. It appears that the two tests provide similar results when screening for reading spelling, and arithmetic.

scholarly journals Relational Market Behavior of Fashion Online Community Members

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
장유정 ◽  
윤송이 ◽  
박재옥 ◽  
이규혜
Keyword(s):  
Online Community ◽  
Market Behavior ◽  
Community Members

Creating a Community of Practice in Learning

2016 ◽  
pp. 1380-1398
Author(s):  
Ebenezer Uy ◽  
Eusebio Yu
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Action Research ◽  
Community Of Practice ◽  
Online Community ◽  
Learning Context ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Inductive Approach ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Online Community Of Practice ◽  
Online Communities Of Practice

Social media plays a huge part in Filipinos' lives. In the area of learning, the proponents observed the emergence of an online community of practice using Facebook groups that has over 350 members. The aim of the chapter is to answer the question: How do online communities of practice engage students to learn and build new knowledge? The objective is to propose a framework that will guide readers to build their own online community of practice based on its learning context. To achieve the objective, the proponents use the inductive approach of grounded theory using action research. Results show that community members used different Facebook features to support their ongoing community of practice. Further studies may also assess the applicability of the framework in other areas of development.

Online Communities and Community Building

2011 ◽  
pp. 2893-2898
Author(s):  
Martin C. Kindsmüller ◽  
Sandro Leuchter ◽  
Leon Urbas
Keyword(s):  
Online Community ◽  
Virtual Communities ◽  
Virtual Community ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Computer Mediated ◽  
Bulletin Boards ◽  
Real Community ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Tacit Assumptions

“Online community” is one of today’s buzzwords. Even though superficially it is not hard to understand, the term has become somewhat vague while being extensively used within the e-commerce business. Within this article, we refer to online community as being a voluntary group of users who partake actively in a certain computer-mediated service. The term “online community” is preferred over the term “virtual community,” as it denotes the character of the community more accurately: community members are interacting online as opposed to face to face. Furthermore, the term “virtual community” seems too unspecific, because it includes other communities that only exist virtually, whereas an online community in our definition is always a real community in the sense that community members know that they are part of the community. Nevertheless, there are other reasonable definitions of online community. An early and most influencing characterization (which unfortunately utilizes the term “virtual community”) was coined by Howard Rheingold (1994), who wrote: “…virtual communities are cultural aggregations that emerge when enough people bump into each other often enough in cyberspace. A virtual community is a group of people […] who exchanges words and ideas through the mediation of computer bulletin boards and networks” (p. 57). A more elaborated and technical definition of online community was given by Jenny Preece (2000), which since then, has been a benchmark for developers. She stated that an online community consists of four basic constituents (Preece, 2000, p. 3): 1. Socially interacting people striving to satisfy their own needs. 2. A shared purpose, such as interest or need that provides a reason to cooperate. 3. Policies in the form of tacit assumptions, rituals, or rules that guide the community members’ behavior. 4. A technical system that works as a carrier that mediates social interaction. Not explicitly mentioned in this characterization but nevertheless crucial for our aforementioned definition (and not in opposition to Preece’s position) is voluntary engagement.

EWOM firestorm: young consumers and online community

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sasithorn Suwandee ◽  
Jiraporn Surachartkumtonkun ◽  
Aurathai Lertwannawit
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Online Community ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Service Failures ◽  
Young Consumers ◽  
Mixed Factorial Design ◽  
Information Characteristics ◽  
High Level

Purpose This study aims to examine the influence of homophily in an online community and the effect of electronic word of mouth (eWOM) consensus on young consumers’ attitudes. Design/methodology/approach This study implemented an experimental research design using a two (low/high homophily) × two (low/high eWOM consensus) mixed factorial design. This study explores young consumers’ changes in brand attitude after encountering negative eWOM. Findings The results indicate that a high consensus of negative eWOM among online community members leads to significant changes in attitude, while a low consensus of negative eWOM does not produce such an effect. Negative eWOM from either high or low homophilous sources produces significant changes in attitude. There are significant attitude changes when a strong consensus of negative eWOM is received from a source with a high level of homophily. Research limitations/implications Service failures in offline service settings lead to the dissemination of negative eWOM on social media. To handle and prevent social media crises, researchers should understand online crises antecedents relating to information characteristics i.e. eWOM consensus and characteristics of online community members to evaluate the crises impact. Brands should monitor tone and dialogue of online community member on social media to remedy and diminish any damage done to their brand image from negative eWOM. Originality/value This study contributes to the application of social network theory by understanding the role of nodes on negative eWOM effect in social media.

Attitudes toward Mental Illness and Dependency among Hospitalized Psychiatric Patients

1979 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 283-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall Wehler
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Community Mental Health Center ◽  
Mental Health Center ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
State Mental Hospital ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Medical Paradigm ◽  
Attitudes Toward Mental Illness ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
State Mental

The Client Attitude Questionnaire and Client Independence Questionnaire were administered to 60 patients in treatment on a psychiatric unit at a state mental hospital to assess whether acceptance of a medical paradigm for treatment by hospitalized psychiatric inpatients is significantly related to passive-dependent attitudes as had been previously reported for psychiatric outpatients at a community mental health center. The correlation of .15 between scores on the two measures was statistically non-significant, as were the correlations between number of previous admissions and attitudes toward mental illness, number of previous admissions and attitudes of dependence, years of education and attitudes toward mental illness, years of education and attitudes of dependence, and age and attitudes toward mental illness. Mean differences between sexes on the two measures were non-significant as well. Age significantly and negatively correlated —.27 with attitudes of independence ( p < .05), suggesting that younger psychiatric patients are more independent from staff.

Opening the Black Box: The Influence of Perceived Diversity and a Common In-Group Identity in Diverse Groups

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
George B. Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Group Identity ◽  
Turnover Intentions ◽  
Track And Field ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Group Outcomes ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Group Diversity ◽  
Diverse Groups ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Intervening Variables

Previous research on diversity has been criticized for failing to include intervening and process variables. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the influence of two intervening variables, perceived group diversity and a common in-group identity, on the relationship between group diversity and group outcomes. Data were collected from 45 track-and-field coaching staffs (N= 175 participants). Hierarchical-regression analysis revealed that actual diversity was positively related to perceptions of such differences, and, in turn, perceptions of diversity were related to a common in-group identity. Finally, a common in-group identity was negatively related to organizational turnover intentions of the group and positively related to two measures of group effectiveness. Theoretical contributions and implications for diverse groups are discussed.

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