Prediction of cycloplegic refraction for noninvasive screening of children for refractive error

Detection of refractive error in children is crucial to avoid amblyopia and its impact on quality of life. We here performed a retrospective study in order to develop prediction models for spherical and cylinder refraction in children. The enrolled 1221 eyes of 617 children were divided into three groups: the development group (710 eyes of 359 children), the validation group (385 eyes of 194 children), and the comparison group (126 eyes of 64 children). We determined noncycloplegic and cycloplegic refraction values by autorefractometry. In addition, several noncycloplegic parameters were assessed with the use of ocular biometry. On the basis of the information obtained from the development group, we developed prediction models for cycloplegic spherical and cylinder refraction in children with the use of stepwise multiple regression analysis. The prediction formulas were validated by their application to the validation group. The similarity of noncycloplegic and predicted refraction to cycloplegic refraction in individual eyes was evaluated in the comparison group. Application of the developed prediction models for spherical and cylinder refraction to the validation group revealed that predicted refraction was significantly correlated with measured values for cycloplegic spherical refraction (R = 0.961, P < 0.001) or cylinder refraction (R = 0.894, P < 0.001). Comparison of noncycloplegic, cycloplegic, and predicted refraction in the comparison group revealed that cycloplegic spherical refraction did not differ significantly from predicted refraction but was significantly different from noncycloplegic refraction, whereas cycloplegic cylinder refraction did not differ significantly from predicted or noncycloplegic values. Our prediction models based on ocular biometry provide estimates of refraction in children similar to measured cycloplegic spherical and cylinder refraction values without the application of cycloplegic eyedrops.

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Health, Quality of Life, and Economic Impacts of Home Care Vouchers for Middle-Income Adults With Disabilities

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.256 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 78-78

Author(s):

Joanne Spetz ◽

Jacqueline Miller ◽

Connie Kwong ◽

Laura Wagner

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Emergency Department ◽

Economic Analysis ◽

Home Care ◽

San Francisco ◽

Comparison Group ◽

Financial Stress ◽

Emergency Department Visits ◽

Middle Income

Abstract The Support at Home pilot program provided financial support for the purchase of home care services by middle-income adults with disabilities in San Francisco to support aging in place. Enrollees had income below the area median and made copayments based on household income. The mixed-methods evaluation of the program incorporated administrative records, surveys of clients and comparison group members, surveys of unpaid caregivers, surveys of paid care providers, and focus groups with clients and unpaid caregivers. Outcome measures included the Older People’s Quality of Life Questionnaire, Patient Health Questionnaire-2, an adapted Burden Scale for Family Caregivers, and self-reported falls, emergency department visits, and hospitalizations. Analyses included pre-post chi-squared and t-test comparisons between client and comparison groups and multivariate regressions. An economic analysis was conducted to learn whether changes in costs associated with reduced health care utilization were greater than the costs of the program. Results indicated statistically significant positive changes in client ratings of personal and financial stress, but not in the composite quality of life score. There were statistically significant reductions in attendance at medical appointments, falls, emergency department visits, and hospitalizations. Similar changes were not found in the comparison group. The focus group data supported the findings regarding personal and financial stress and indicated that clients and their caregivers perceived quality of life benefits. The economic analysis indicated substantial cost savings from the program due to reduced use of medical services. Due to its positive impacts, San Francisco has made Support at Home a permanent program.

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A quality of life assessment of military recruits after refractive surgery

International Eye Research ◽

10.18240/ier.2020.01.08 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 42-46

Author(s):

Jian-He Xiao ◽

◽

Shi-Yang Li ◽

Xing Xing ◽

Ai-Hong Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Refractive Error ◽

High Myopia ◽

Refractive Surgery ◽

Laser In Situ Keratomileusis ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Lenticule Extraction ◽

Postoperative Interval

AIM: To evaluate the quality of life of recruits after refractive surgery. METHODS: Population-based, cross-sectional study. Using the Quality of Life Impact of Refractive Correction (QIRC) questionnaire, the quality of life in 615 recruits underwent refractive surgery was evaluated. The overall score and each question score of QIRC were compared between subgroups of different strength of preoperative refractive error, postoperative interval, type of surgical procedure and postoperative recovery. RESULTS: The mean overall QIRC score of recruits underwent refractive surgery was 49.15±7.89. Significant difference was found for strength of preoperative refractive error (F=4.16, P<0.05), with the low myopia group (50.67±7.59) had significantly better scores than those with high myopia (47.57±7.52, F=4.16, P<0.05). Recruits after a postoperative interval no more than 6mo (49.18±7.86) scored equally to those of more than 6mo (49.18±8.03). Recruits underwent surface ablation surgery scored lowest (46.68±6.09), but showed no significant difference when compared with all underwent refractive surgery (t=1.99, P>0.05). Scores of recruits underwent mechanical microkeratome laser in situ keratomileusis (MK-LASIK), Sub-Bowman’s keratomileusis (SBK), femtosecond laser-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK), femtosecond lenticule extraction (ReLEx flex) or small-incision lenticule extraction (ReLEx SMILE) procedure showed no significant difference too. Recruits had adverse complaints postoperatively (45.85±6.66) scored lower when compared with all underwent refractive surgery (t=5.28, P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The quality of life of recruits after refractive surgery was good except those with postoperative complications. Preoperative low myopia recruits had better quality of life than medium and high myopia ones.

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Fatigue is Highly Prevalent in Patients with Asthma and Contributes to the Burden of Disease

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm7120471 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (12) ◽

pp. 471 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Maarten Van Herck ◽

Martijn Spruit ◽

Chris Burtin ◽

Remco Djamin ◽

Jeanine Antons ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Asthma Control ◽

Global Strategy ◽

Airflow Limitation ◽

Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽

Life Questionnaire ◽

Exacerbation Rate ◽

Asthmatic Patients ◽

Severe Fatigue

The 2018 update of the Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention does not mention fatigue-related symptoms. Nevertheless, patients with asthma frequently report tiredness, lack of energy, and daytime sleepiness. Quantitative research regarding the prevalence of fatigue in asthmatic patients is lacking. This retrospective cross-sectional study of outpatients with asthma upon referral to a chest physician assessed fatigue (Checklist Individual Strength-Fatigue (CIS-Fatigue)), lung function (spirometry), asthma control (Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ)), dyspnea (Medical Research Council (MRC) scale), exercise capacity (six-minute walk test (6MWT)), and asthma-related Quality-of-Life (QoL), Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ) during a comprehensive health-status assessment. In total, 733 asthmatic patients were eligible and analyzed (47.4 ± 16.3 years, 41.1% male). Severe fatigue (CIS-Fatigue ≥ 36 points) was detected in 62.6% of patients. Fatigue was not related to airflow limitation (FEV1, ρ = −0.083); was related moderately to ACQ (ρ = 0.455), AQLQ (ρ = −0.554), and MRC (ρ = 0.435; all p-values < 0.001); and was related weakly to 6MWT (ρ = −0.243, p < 0.001). In stepwise multiple regression analysis, 28.9% of variance in fatigue was explained by ACQ (21.0%), MRC (6.5%), and age (1.4%). As for AQLQ, 42.2% of variance was explained by fatigue (29.8%), MRC (8.6%), exacerbation rate (2.6%), and age (1.2%). Severe fatigue is highly prevalent in asthmatic patients; it is an important determinant of disease-specific QoL and a crucial yet ignored patient-related outcome in patients with asthma.

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Effect of Refractive Error Correction on Health-Related Quality of Life and Depression in Older Nursing Home Residents

Archives of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1001/archopht.125.11.1471 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 125 (11) ◽

pp. 1471 ◽

Cited By ~ 73

Author(s):

Cynthia Owsley

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Nursing Home ◽

Error Correction ◽

Refractive Error ◽

Nursing Home Residents ◽

Health Related Quality ◽

Related Quality ◽

Health Related

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Satisfaction with Quality of Life in Patients with Minimum Cicatricial Damage of the Face and Neck

Clinical Psychology and Special Education ◽

10.17759/cpse.2018070106 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 75-90 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

A. Iaremenko ◽

E. Isaeva ◽

T. Kolegova ◽

E. Sitkina ◽

Yu. Vasilieva

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Physical Condition ◽

Traditional Method ◽

Comparison Group ◽

Short Form ◽

Life Quality ◽

Control Group ◽

Surgical Methods ◽

The Face

Satisfaction with quality of life and self-attitude in patients operated by «traditional» (conventional surgical methods) and endoscopically assisted methods are considered in the article. Differences in the quality of life in patients, self-attitude to ones appearance are described. 65 patients were surgically operated and examined. Control group – patients operated by «traditional» techniques (35 patients), the average age of patients was 38 ± 11,1 years. The comparison group – patients operated using endoscopically assisted methods (30 patients), the average age of patients was 44 ± 17,7 years. Psychodiagnostic methods: 1. N. E. Vodopyanova`s scale of life quality; 2. The Short Form-36; 3. S.R. Panteleev`s Assessment of self-relationship. Complaints of paresthesia and pain experienced by patients who underwent a “traditional” operation were revealed as a result of the examination. Operated on with an endoscopically assisted method patients did not present any complaints. Differences between the assessment of the life quality and self-relationship in examined groups were found. Operated on with an endoscopically assisted method patients evaluated life quality, satisfaction with their appearance and physical condition higher than patients operated on with a “traditional” method.

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Psychological well-being, marital adjustment and quality of life after hysterectomy: a comparative study

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20184948 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (12) ◽

pp. 4960

Author(s):

Kusum Lata Mathur ◽

Manu Sharma ◽

Mohua Mazumdar ◽

Shikha Talati ◽

Siddharth Srivastav

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Marital Adjustment ◽

Comparison Group ◽

Psychiatric Morbidity ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Well Being ◽

Study Groups ◽

Life Questionnaire ◽

Gynecological Surgery

Background: Hysterectomy is the most common major gynecological surgery often performed for benign lesions. Many studies have reported adverse psychosocial outcomes post-hysterectomy. There is a paucity of studies from India addressing psychiatric morbidity after hysterectomy. To evaluate psychological wellbeing, marital adjustment and quality of life in patients undergoing hysterectomy for non-malignant conditions, in comparison with patients undergoing surgery other than hysterectomy.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 consecutive out-patients who underwent hysterectomy for non-malignant indications at least 6 months ago. The comparison group comprised of 50 consecutive out-patients who underwent gynecological surgery other than hysterectomy at least 6 months ago formed the comparison group. The study participants were evaluated on Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Psychological General Well-being Index (PGWBI), Marital Adjustment Test (MAT) and Women’s Quality of Life Questionnaire (WOMQOL).Results: The indications for hysterectomy were: uterine leiomyoma (69%), uterovaginal prolapse (18%), dysfunctional uterine bleeding (12%), and endometriosis (1%). Abdominal hysterectomy was performed in 92 patients while 8 patients underwent vaginal hysterectomy. There were no significant differences in the study groups on scores of HADS, PGWBI, MAT and WOMQOL (p>0.05). Both the study groups had good marital adjustment and majority reported no depression and anxiety.Conclusions: There is no major psychiatric morbidity, decline in marital adjustment and quality of life after hysterectomy for benign conditions among Indian women. Future research on the ethno-cultural implications and effect of hysterectomy on mental health will be a significant addition to the available evidence in India.

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Constructing Item Banks for Measuring Quality of Life in Refractive Error

Optometry and Vision Science ◽

10.1097/opx.0000000000001246 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 95 (7) ◽

pp. 575-587 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Himal Kandel ◽

Jyoti Khadka ◽

Eva K. Fenwick ◽

Mohan Krishna Shrestha ◽

Sadhana Sharma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Refractive Error ◽

Item Banks

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Non-drug rehabilitation of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease concurrent with hypertension

Terapevticheskii arkhiv ◽

10.17116/terarkh201688819-24 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 88 (8) ◽

pp. 19-24

Author(s):

E V Sevostyanova ◽

Yu A Nikolaev ◽

N V Bogdankevich ◽

V G Lusheva ◽

E N Markova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Pulmonary Disease ◽

Comparison Group ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Study Group ◽

Basic Drug ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Aim. To evaluate the efficiency of decimeter wave therapy and halotherapy, which were additionally added to basic therapy, in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) concurrent with hypertension at the inpatient stage. Subject and methods. 36 patients aged 20 to 75 years with Stages I—II COPD concurrent with Stages I—II, first-second grade hypertension were examined and treated. The clinical examination included collection of complaints and medical history data, clinical laboratory and instrumental (electrocardiography, spirography) studies, and health-related quality of life (using the SF-36 questionnaire). The patients were randomized into two groups: a study group and a comparison group. The study group patients received decimeter wave therapy and halotherapy in addition to basic drug treatment; the comparison patients had basic drug therapy. Results. Pre- and postoperative comparative analysis of the major clinical manifestations of comorbidities revealed more pronounced positive changes with the lower rate of clinical manifestations in the study group. It was also observed to have a more marked reduction in blood pressure (BP) with its goal levels achieved. The mean pulse BP decreased by 28% in the study group (p=0.000005) and did not statistically reduced in the comparison group. In the study group patients, the integral quality-of-life indicator after a package of medical rehabilitation measures became statistically significantly higher by 35%. This indicator in the comparison group was statistically significantly unchanged. Conclusion. The directionality of the proposed rehabilitation complex towards the common pathogenetic components of the development and progression of COPD and hypertension, as well as the high efficiency of the complex justify its appropriate inclusion in the combination treatment and rehabilitation of this category of patients.

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