scholarly journals Predictors of stillbirth among women who had given birth in Southern Ethiopia, 2020: A case-control study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0249865
Author(s):  
Haimanot Abebe ◽  
Solomon Shitu ◽  
Haile Workye ◽  
Ayenew Mose
Keyword(s):  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Multiple Pregnancy ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
Still Birth ◽  
Referral Hospitals ◽  
Control Study

Background Although the rate of stillbirth has decreased globally, it remains unacceptably high in low- and middle-income countries. Only ten countries including Ethiopia attribute more than 65% of global burden of still birth. Ethiopia has the 7th highest still birth rate in the world. Identifying the predictors of stillbirth is critical for developing successful interventions and monitoring public health programs. Although certain studies have assessed the predictors of stillbirth, they failed in identify the proximate predictors of stillbirth. In addition, the inconsistent findings in identify the predictors of stillbirth, and the methodological limitations in previously published works are some of the gaps. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the predictors of stillbirth among mothers who gave birth in six referral hospitals in Southern, Ethiopia. Methods A hospital-based unmatched case-control study was conducted in six referral hospitals in Southern, Ethiopia from October 2019 to June 2020. Consecutive sampling techniques and simple random techniques were used to recruit cases and controls respectively. A structured standard tool was used to identify the predictors of stillbirth. Data were entered into Epi Info 7 and exported to SPSS 23 for analysis. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify the independent predictors of stillbirth. The goodness of fit was tested using the Hosmer and Lemeshow goodness-of-fit. In this study P-value < 0.05 was considered to declare a result as a statistically significant association. Results In this study 138 stillbirth cases and 269 controls were included. Women with multiple pregnancy [AOR = 2.98, 95%CI: 1.39–6.36], having preterm birth [AOR = 2.83, 95%CI: 1.58–508], having cesarean mode of delivery [AOR = 3.19, 95%CI: 1.87–5.44], having no ANC visit [AOR = 4.17, 95%CI: 2.38–7.33], and being hypertensive during pregnancy [AOR = 3.43, 95%CI: 1.93–6.06] were significantly associated with stillbirth. Conclusions The predictors of stillbirth identified are manageable and can be amenable to interventions. Therefore, strengthening maternal antenatal care utilization should be encouraged by providing appropriate information to the mothers. There is a need to identify, screen, and critically follow high-risk mothers: those who have different complications during pregnancy, and those undergoing cesarean section due to different indications.

scholarly journals Family history of hypertension increases risk of preeclampsia in pregnant women: a case-control study

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulualem Endeshaw ◽  
Fantu Abebe ◽  
Melkamu Bedimo ◽  
Anemaw Asrat ◽  
Abebaw Gebeyehu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Pregnancy ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension ◽  
Control Study

Background <br />Preeclampsia is one of the leading causes of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortalities worldwide. Despite extensive research, the underlying cause of preeclampsia remains poorly understood. This study aimed to offer compelling evidence on the important risk factors of preeclampsia in Amhara region, Ethiopia.<br /><br />Methods<br />A case control study was conducted in public health facilities of Bahir Dar city from September 2014 to January 2015. A total of 453 (151 cases and 302 controls) pregnant women were enrolled in this study. Hemoglobin level and urinary tract infection (UTI) status were collected from clinical notes. Oral examination was performed by a dentist for detection of periodontal diseases. Univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the relationship of all the independent variables with the outcome variable. A p-value &lt;0.05 was declared statistically significant.<br /><br />Result<br />Advanced maternal age (AOR=4.79;95% CI 1.031-22.18), family history of hypertension (AOR=11.16;95% CI 5.41-41.43), history of diabetes mellitus (AOR=6.17;95% CI 2.11-20.33), UTI in the current pregnancy (AOR=6.58;95% CI 2.93-14.73), failure to comply with iron and folic acid supplement during pregnancy (AOR=8.32;95% CI 3.35-20.62), lack of exercise (AOR=3.33;95% CI 1.35-8.17), multiple pregnancy (AOR=4.05;95% CI 1.57-12.27), anemia (AOR=4.19;95% CI 1.27-13.92), and periodontal disease or gingivitis (AOR =3.51;95% CI 1.14-10.83) were associated with preeclampsia.<br /><br />Conclusion <br />Family history of hypertension was the most dominant risk factor for preeclampsia in pregnant women. Encouraging pregnant women to have health seeking behavior during pregnancy would provide a chance to diagnose preeclampsia as early as possible.

scholarly journals Determinants of soil-transmitted helminth infections among pre-school-aged children in Gamo Gofa zone, Southern Ethiopia: A case-control study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243836
Author(s):  
Mekuria Asnakew Asfaw ◽  
Teklu Wegayehu ◽  
Tigist Gezmu ◽  
Alemayehu Bekele ◽  
Zeleke Hailemariam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
Gamo Gofa ◽  
Control Study

Background Pre-school aged children (PSAC) are highly affected by soil-transmitted helminths (STH), particularly in areas where water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) are inadequate. Context-specific evidence on determinants of STH infections in PSAC has not been well established in the study area. This study, therefore, aimed to fill these gaps in Gamo Gofa zone, Southern Ethiopia. Methods A community-based unmatched case-control study, nested in a cross-sectional survey, was conducted in January 2019. Cases and controls were identified based on any STH infection status using the Kato-Katz technique in stool sample examination. Data on social, demographic, economic, behavioral, and WASH related variables were collected from primary caregivers of children using pre-tested questionnaire. Determinants of STH infections were identified using multivariable logistic regression model using SPSS version 25. Results A total of 1206 PSAC (402 cases and 804 controls) participated in this study. Our study showed that the odds of STH infection were lowest among PSAC living in urban areas (AOR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.39–0.79), among those from households with safe water source (AOR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.47–0.0.93), and in those PSAC from households with shorter distance from water source (<30 minutes) (AOR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.39–0.67). On the other hand, the odds of STH infection were highest among PSAC from households that had no functional hand washing facility (AOR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.04–1.77), in those PSAC from households that had unclean latrine (AOR: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.19–2.78), and among those PSAC under caregivers who had lower score (≤5) on knowledge related to STH transmission (AOR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.13–3.01). Conclusions Given efforts required eliminating STH by 2030; the existing preventive chemotherapy intervention should be substantially strengthened with WASH and behavioral interventions. Thus, an urgent call for action is required to integrate context-specific interventions, particularly in rural areas.

scholarly journals Determinants of undernutrition among children under-five years old in southern Ethiopia: does pregnancy intention matter? A community-based unmatched case-control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Feyisso Shaka ◽  
Yetayal Birhanu Woldie ◽  
Hirbaye Mokona Lola ◽  
Kalkidan Yohannes Olkamo ◽  
Adane Tesfaye Anbasse
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Pregnancy Intention ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Mode of delivery, order of birth, parental age gap and autism spectrum disorder among Malaysian children: A case-control study

Heliyon ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. e05068
Author(s):  
Jo Ann Andoy Galvan ◽  
Prabhagari Nair Ramalingam ◽  
Sapna Shridhar Patil ◽  
Muhammad Aminul Syahmi bin Shobri ◽  
Karuthan Chinna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Parental Age ◽  
Age Gap ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Risk factors for still birth: a hospital based case control study

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujatha Thankappan Lakshmi ◽  
Uma Thankam ◽  
Preetha Jagadhamma ◽  
Anuja Ushakumari ◽  
Nirmala Chellamma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Sleep Position ◽  
Still Birth ◽  
Still Births ◽  
Control Study

Background: The study of the risk factors contributing to still birth is imperative in our attempts to bring about a decline in the still birth rate.  By identifying the risk factors, we can understand the areas where specific interventions may be applied to bring about a reduction in the still birth rate. The aim of the present study was to identify the risk factors for stillbirth among the mothers attending Sri Avittom Thirunal Hospital, TrivandrumMethods: This was a prospective hospital based case control study conducted from March 2014- September 2015. Sample size was calculated as 100 cases and 200 controls. Odds ratios with 95% confidence interval were calculated using multi variate logistic regression.Results: The major risk factors associated with still births were maternal age, socio economic status, and obesity, sleep position during pregnancy, primi parity, hypertension and febrile illness during pregnancy. The risk of still birth was 3 times higher among mothers with hypertension compared to the control group.  Although the prevalence of diabetes slightly more in the case group it was not statistically significant. By analyzing all the risk factors in preparing a model 42% of the risk for still birth was contributed by these factors.Conclusions: The modifiable risk factors seen in this study to prevent still births are maternal sleep position during pregnancy, diabetes, hypertension and febrile illness especially urinary tract infection. By better antenatal care we can detect complications like diabetes, hypertension and manage appropriately thereby preventing complications. By screening for urinary tract infections in every trimester morbidity can be reduced.

scholarly journals Childhood-Onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: How Is It Associated with Breastfeeding and Mode of Delivery?

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. e12-e15
Author(s):  
Banafsheh Sadeghi ◽  
Elham Rayzan ◽  
Fatemeh Tahghighi ◽  
Mamak Shariat ◽  
Fatemeh Nayeri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Section Method ◽  
Control Study

AbstractBreast milk is a rich source of infants' nutrition and also known to be a source of immune-enhancing molecules. The perinatal factors might have long-term effects on the immune system and also, breastfeeding may have an important role. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystemic autoimmune disease that leads to various organ damages. This idiopathic disease is characterized by high levels of autoantibodies in the circulation. In this case–control study, we have evaluated the association between the breastfeeding and mode of delivery and SLE incidence. In this case–control study, SLE cases were identified in Children's Medical Center and Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex between 2011 and 2017. The control group was chosen from the schools of Tehran and Sari cities. The questionnaires were completed by one of the parents. Seventy-nine cases and 301 controls were included. There was no association among breastfeeding, duration of breastfeeding or exclusive breastfeeding and SLE, the age of diagnosis, or its major organ involvements (p > 0.05). The cesarean section (C-section) method was significantly associated with higher disease incidence (p < 0.005). The feeding method during infancy had no significant impact on SLE incidence and onset, while the C-section method increased the incident rate.

scholarly journals Determinants of Postpartum IUCD Utilization Among Mothers Who Gave Birth in Gamo Zone Public Health Facilities, Southern Ethiopia: a Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol Volume 11 ◽  
pp. 125-133
Author(s):  
Seid Jemal Mohammed ◽  
Weynshet Gebretsadik ◽  
Gesila Endashaw ◽  
Mulugeta Shigaz Shimbre ◽  
Kenzudin Assfa Mossa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Public Health Facilities ◽  
Control Study
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