scholarly journals Group contracts and sustainability: Experimental evidence from smallholder seed production

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0255176
Author(s):  
Prakashan Chellattan Veettil ◽  
Yashodha ◽  
Judit Johny
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Price Information ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Local Organizer ◽  
Welfare Implications ◽  
Contractual Agreements ◽  
A Company

Contract farming in seed production has played an instrumental role in bringing private investment into seed research and production. As developing countries have predominantly small and marginal farmers, the number of inefficiencies that arise from seed contractual agreements hinders producers from realizing the full potential benefits from seed contracts. We carried out an economic experiment with real producers and organizers currently engaged in seed production to analyze their preference for group seed contracts, its sustainability and welfare implications in the seed value chain. The producers are offered two types of group contracts: B and C. Contract B involves a company-organizer-seed producer group (SPG) whereas contract C removes the organizer and directly engages with the SPG (company → SPG). In the experiment, producers are asked to choose between an existing contract and either of the proposed group contracts. The experiment consists of two treatments: (i) concealed and revealed price information between agents, and (ii) presence and absence of a local organizer while making the decision. We find that the preference for group contract B is higher than for group contract C, suggesting the need for producers bargaining which can be achieved through group contract in the existing contract, Bargaining is high (6.3 percentage points) when price information is concealed. SPGs survive for about four out of five rounds and more than half of the groups (53%) formed in the first round survived throughout the five rounds, indicating a very high group sustainability.

scholarly journals Interdisciplinary Analysis of Social Acceptance Regarding Electric Vehicles with a Focus on Charging Infrastructure and Driving Range in Germany

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Amelie Burkert ◽  
Heiko Fechtner ◽  
Benedikt Schmuelling
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Electric Mobility ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Charging Infrastructure ◽  
Driving Range

A variety of measures are currently being taken on both the national and international levels in order to mitigate the negative effects of climate change. The promotion of electric mobility is one such measure for the transport sector. As a key component in a more environmentally-friendly, resource-saving, and efficient transport sector, electric mobility promises to create better sustainability. Several challenges still need to be met to exploit its full potential. This requires adapting the car technology, the value chain of vehicles, loads on the electricity network, the power generation for the drive, traffic, and charging infrastructure. The challenges to this endeavor are not only technical in nature, but they also include social acceptance, concerns, and economic, as well as ecological, aspects. This paper seeks to discuss and elucidate these problems, giving special focus to the issues of driving range, phenomenon of range anxiety, charging time, and complexity of the charging infrastructure in Germany. Finally, the development of social acceptance in Germany from 2011 to 2020 is investigated.

scholarly journals Risk Profiles Along the Lifecycle in Dynamic Markets

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-46
Author(s):  
Tamas Koplyay ◽  
Brian Mitchell ◽  
Sorin Cohn ◽  
Maria Fekete ◽  
Abdelkader Jazouli
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Distribution Channel ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Dynamic Markets ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Distribution Channel Management ◽  
A Company

Abstract That supply chain management and logistics are a determining factor for the long term success of a company was well documented by Forrester over a half century ago [1], with the importance of the statement only growing through the intervening years.Whether consciously factored into the operating mode or not, logistics and distribution channel management plays a critical role in the life, and death, of a firm. From the rudimentary beginnings of the start-up company to the hectic world of the growth company and onto the relatively secure existence in mature markets, the value chain consisting of logistics and distribution channel linkages follows the firm, until it solidifies into immutable form of the mature value chain and begins to exert an inexorable pressure on the survival of the entire chain, and conversely the chain imposes its will on the members. The emergence of mature industry value chains is often driven by the need to monopolistically control logistics and distribution channels which provides a competitive advantage but also introduces a serious exposure to pending shock loadings of the chain.

Zarządzanie wiekiem jako strategia wzrostu konkurencyjności przedsiębiorstw w dobie globalizacji

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
Paweł Czapliński
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Age Diversity ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
A Company

This article is an attempt to characterise the age management strategies in companies in the context of demographic, economic and cultural conditions. As it is suggested by the conducted research, the majority of Polish companies currently do not use the age management strategies, which is primarily caused by their failure to realise the potential benefits as the fact of possessing rich age diversity in a company is one of the methods to accomplish the competitive advantage.

Experiential Marketing to Increase Net Marketing Contribution Margin (NMCM) through Customer Value

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
Khusnul Khotimah
Keyword(s):  
Customer Value ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Marketing Communication ◽  
Experiential Marketing ◽  
Contribution Margin ◽  
Business Income ◽  
A Company ◽  
Positive Effect

Objective - Experiential Marketing may have a positive effect on both the formation of customer value and in the generation of profits for a company. Methodology/Technique - This study examines the calculation of the Net Marketing Contribution Margin (NMCM) in achieving a company's return. The survey shows an increase in total business income in 2014 by IDR 3.59 trillion, and in 2015 by IDR 3.8 trillion. However, the scheduled passenger income has decreased by 20.61%. Findings – The findings show that the ratio of promotions, tickets, and sales expenses to the total number of sales fluctuated between 2009 and 2015. This is contrary to the revenue generated through Experiential Marketing, which continued to increase from year to year. Novelty - The study shows that, without a strong communication strategy, a company may not be able to reach its full potential. Type of Paper - Empirical. Keywords: Customer Value; Experiential Marketing; Net Marketing Contribution Margin (NMCM); Marketing Communication. JEL Classification: M30, M31, M41.

An Analysis of Knowledge Space Concept and Recursive Approach for Servitizing in Manufacturing Industries

2014 ◽  
pp. 273-291
Author(s):  
H. M. Belal ◽  
Kunio Shirahada ◽  
Michitaka Kosaka
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Knowledge Space ◽  
Creation Process ◽  
A Value ◽  
A Company ◽  
Analysis Of Knowledge ◽  
Space Concept

This chapter proposes a knowledge space concept and a recursive approach to servitizing in the manufacturing industry. Manufacturing companies need to move up the value chain and compete on the basis of value delivered rather than on the basis of typical products. Therefore, more corporations are adding value to their core corporate offerings through services, which is called servitization, and the strength of service activities within the manufacturing industry (servitization) has become the main source of competitive advantage. This chapter identifies two exclusive approaches to adapting servitization in the manufacturing industry called the knowledge space concept and recursive approach, which also explains the value co-creation process with customers through integrating “B-to-B to C,” which produces a company that is a value provider.

Regulierte Netzzugangsentgelte in der Elektrizitätswirtschaft und gesellschaftliche Wohlfahrt

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Christoph Bier ◽  
Dieter Schmidtchen
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Third Party ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Second Best ◽  
Playing Field ◽  
Electricity Grids ◽  
Welfare Implications ◽  
Access Charges

SummaryCompanies active in electricity generation or supply that also own transmission or distribution network assets are generally presumed to have an economic interest in using its monopoly position as network owner to prevent or hinder competition in other areas of the value chain. This can happen in many ways such as raising rivals’ costs, price squeezes or by providing essential information only to affiliated companies. All of these practices distort a level playing field. In order to limit the risk of such behavior from occurring Member States of the European Union introduced a “regulated third party access” regime under which third parties have a right to access the network in a non-discriminatory manner. It is the purpose of the paper to derive the welfare implications of a regulation of access charges for electricity grids taking the costs of transmission as a benchmark. It shows that a cost-based regulation is second-best optimal only if the gap between the incumbent’s and the downstream entrant’s efficiency is sufficiently large. In all other cases an access charge deviating from the transmission costs is second-best optimal. There is no simple and generally applicable rule for the determination of second-best optimal access charges.

scholarly journals Fields of Action for Designing Measures to Avoid Food Losses in Logistics Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 6093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Kleineidam
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Food Loss ◽  
Network Cooperation ◽  
Logistics Networks ◽  
Structured Analysis ◽  
Food Losses ◽  
A Company ◽  
Different Levels

The literature contains many analyses of measures against food loss. However, there exists no structured analysis of the objective of these measures. This study employs a systematic literature analysis and open expert interviews, combining the perspectives of science and practice. For each analyzed case, we identified the objectives behind the implemented measures. Using qualitative clustering, we categorized the located objectives into fields of action. The identified 13 fields of action provide an overview of the objectives of food loss prevention measures. The results indicate that different levels of importance can be assigned to these fields of action. In particular, the results show the relevance of increased network cooperation and transparency within a company and along the entire value chain. Furthermore, the study indicates that the creation of transparency provides the greatest overall added value in terms of reducing food losses.

scholarly journals Assessment of present status and action plan development of vegetable seed enterprise in Rukum, Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-132
Author(s):  
Amar Bahadur Pun ◽  
Damodar Poudyal
Keyword(s):  
Technology Adoption ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Action Plans ◽  
Major Player ◽  
Vegetable Seed ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Stakeholder Workshop ◽  
Conducting Research

Vegetable seed enterprise is a highly potential sub-sector for the economic growth of rural farmers in Nepal. Rukum has been known as the most important district for vegetable seed production since long time because of favorable agro-climatic condition. However, Rukums' sub-sector is facing several limitations including organized production and marketing, technology adoption and entrepreneurship development. This study has been carried out to assess the vegetable seed sub-sector of Rukum and propose action plans accordingly for the sustainable seed enterprise development. The study conducted stakeholder workshop and field survey; consulted district line agencies, seed producers and cooperatives, agro-vets and seed companies, and reviewed previous works. The study found that there were many individual farmers, farmers' groups and cooperatives being involved in vegetable seed production in the district. The role of private sector is emerging rapidly with higher share in the seed marketing. The public sector is still a major player for conducting research; and provision of source seeds, quality assurance and other support services. Strategic efforts and action plans are needed to push the existing traditional seed sub-sector towards commercial venture. Technology adoption for quality seed production, processing and marketing; transformation of the classical seed sub-sector into a competitive and sustainable enterprise; organized and demand led seed production programs; and coordination and participatory approaches among stakeholders in seed value chain activities are highly recommended.

Tailoring in the Context of Acquisition Streamlining

1987 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-33
Author(s):  
Kurt Greene
Keyword(s):  
Full Potential ◽  
Policy Issues ◽  
Potential Benefits

The presentation defines the objectives and discusses the major policy issues and concepts imbedded in the acquisition streamlining initiative (DoD Directive 5000.43). The inherent attributes of specifications and standards is explored, together with effective ways to utilize these documents to achieve the full potential benefits of acquisition streamlining.

Innovation, Growth and Intellectual Property: A Study of the Indian Telecom Sector and the Way Forward

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheetal Chopra ◽  
Punkhuri Chawla
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Regulatory Focus ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Property A ◽  
Innovative Capabilities ◽  
Telecom Industry ◽  
Protecting Intellectual Property ◽  
Telecom Sector

The article is an evaluation of the growth of the Indian telecom sector in light of its innovative capabilities and production of intellectual property. The low patent footprint and investment in research and development of the Indian telecom sector shows a lack of focus on innovation and intellectual property creation by the domestic telecom industry, and it is argued that this prevents the sector to tap into its full potential. The economic growth of the telecom sector must be seen holistically, meaning that domestic Indian telecom companies must be internationally competitive and occupy a higher place in the telecommunications value chain. This article argues that regulatory focus needs to shift towards encouraging and protecting intellectual property in India, so as to incentivize investment in expansion of technological capabilities through R&D.

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