scholarly journals Structural features of the streetscape of Macau across four different spatial scales based on historical maps

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0258086
Author(s):  
Youping Teng ◽  
Shuai Yang ◽  
Yue Huang
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Syntax Analysis ◽  
Historical Landscape ◽  
New City ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
The City

In the analysis of complex historical layering, studies on how to avoid theoretical analysis and use quantitative methods of display and analysis are scarce. Therefore, we used space syntax to fill this gap in historical layering analysis. We established a spatial digital model by combining the urban historical landscape theory with the space syntax analysis method. Then, we quantitatively analysed the streetscapes in the four historical periods of Macau and the value-related development of the city’s economy, society, and culture. To this end, we used the theory of urban historical landscape to interpret the streetscape of Macau. We reviewed urban development under different spatial scales, which represent different states of historical layering. Changing ideological trends of construction have induced changes in the city, which have led to changes in the city style. The analysis considers the dimensions of space and time, and its results can guide the continued benign growth of the urban landscape and solve protection problems in practice. Meanwhile, the results of this work also indicate that the unique streetscape of Macau bred by the development of the city does not affect the newly constructed roads. The newly reclaimed areas and the streetscape of the new city are on the verge of homogeneity and cannot reflect the unique regional characteristics of Macau. Therefore, we used the historical map of Macau as a carrier, used space syntax to analyse the structure of Macau’s streetscape, and explored the apparent characteristics and value associations carried by the streetscape of Macau under different historical slices. Our results can help retrieve the value of Macau’s historical streetscape and devise a targeted protection strategy that can help pass on the historical streetscape of Macau to posterity.

scholarly journals Cuatro iniciativas de agricultura en la ciudad frente a la banalización del paisaje histórico urbano | Four urban agriculture initiatives against the banalization of urban historical landscape

ZARCH ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
David Arredondo Garrido
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Right To The City ◽  
Active Perception ◽  
Historical Landscape ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
The City ◽  
City Centres

En ciudades con un importante patrimonio histórico son cada vez más frecuentes los procesos de homogeneización del paisaje urbano. Una dinámica que conduce a la transformación de determinados entornos históricos en espacios en donde apenas queda lugar para la singularidad, las actividades no reguladas o la participación ciudadana. Este estudio propone analizar una serie de iniciativas desarrolladas en la última década en centros de cuatro ciudades españolas, concretamente en Sevilla, Barcelona, Madrid y Zaragoza. Proyectos que se apoyan en la agricultura y la jardinería urbanas para sortear la banalización imperante, creando espacios para la cultura, las relaciones sociales y la imaginación. Pese a las dificultades en su gestión y su repercusión minoritaria, estas intervenciones ejemplifican un modo de reconfigurar el paisaje urbano, planteando esquemas de activación, percepción activa y participación en lugares centrales de la ciudad en proceso de abandono, donde las actividades agrícolas y jardineras adquieren un peso importante.PALABRAS CLAVE: paisaje urbano, acupuntura urbana, agricultura urbana, participación ciudadana, derecho a la ciudad.Processes of homogenization of the urban landscape are becoming more frequent in cities with an important historical heritage. A dynamic that leads to the transformation of certain historical environments in spaces where there is hardly any room for uniqueness, unregulated activities or public participation. This study aims to analyse a number of initiatives developed in the last decade in four Spanish city centres, particularly in Seville, Barcelona, Madrid and Zaragoza. Projects that are using urban agriculture and gardening to escape form current banality, creating spaces for culture, social relations and imagination. Despite the difficulties in its management and its minor impact, these interventions exemplify a way to reshape urban landscape, through schemes of activation, active perception and participation in abandoned places in the city, where agricultural activities and gardening are now playing an important role.KEYWORDS: urban landscape, urban acupuncture, urban agriculture, citizen participation, right to the city.

scholarly journals PLANNING OF PRIVATE GATED DEVELOPMENT: AN ANALYSIS OF GATED VS NON-GATED NEIGHBOURHOODS, CITY OF GURUGRAM, INDIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay Kaushik
Keyword(s):  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Gated Community ◽  
Neighbourhood Environment ◽  
Scholarly Literature ◽  
The World ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
The City

The cities are expanding rapidly all over the world. India has also experienced this phenomenon and has continued the pace of growth. The recent trends in spatial growth of the cities are a new phenomenon in Indian urban landscape. The cities in India are witnessing development with the help of private developers for the last couple of decades. Being private properties these are by nature of exercising control have gates and boundaries. In scholarly literature these are called as Gated Community/Gated Development. Authors have argued them from various perspectives of anthropology, law, management and sociology etc. but very little has been discussed about their planning and morphology. Although, the rise of Gated Development is majorly attributed to the sense of fear and need for security, yet architects and urban designers, and even sociologist stress upon other methods to make the neighbourhoods secured. Hence the security aspects are not made part of the research here. The aspects of how these gated development impacts the perception of neighbourhood by residents is not touched upon. The paper discusses the distinction between the gated and non-gated neighbourhoods and also how residents perceive their neighbourhoods at large. For explaining this phenomenon, three neighbourhoods in the city of Gurugram in Haryana state in India have been identified as case study. These are identified on the basis of different morphological images that are identified. Space syntax and space cognition through sketch mapping is used for the analysis of the three neighbourhoods. The paper suggest that the continuity and connectivity of any spatial configuration is of utmost importance to make neighbourhood environment worthy of living life more socially connected.

scholarly journals Analizy Space Syntax wobec zjawiska segregacji społecznej i izolacji przestrzennej obszarów mieszkaniowych

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Justyna Olesiak
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Syntax Analysis ◽  
The Face ◽  
Urban Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

W wielu obszarach miejskich widoczna jest skrajna segregacja przestrzeni publicznej oraz fakt, że wiele dzielnic mieszkaniowych jest przestrzennie odizolowanych od miasta jako całości. Ponieważ tradycyjne metody analiz urbanistycznych dają słabe wytyczne w tym kontekście, podjęta zostanie próba ujęcia problemu i odmiennego podejścia do segregacji w projektowaniu urbanistycznym. Niniejszy artykuł bada, w jaki sposób teorie i metody analizy Space Syntax mogą przyczynić się do stworzenia bardziej dopracowanych opisów relacji przestrzennych w różnych dzielnicach i całym mieście. Przyjęto metodę badawczą: analizę literatury fachowej (krajowej i zagranicznej) oraz dostępnych publikacji. Analiza urbanistyczna oparta na teorii Space Syntax umożliwia wykazanie zasadniczych różnic strukturalnych między dzielnicami i określenie wpływu form urbanistycznych na zalety przestrzenne różnych obszarów miasta. Otwiera to nowe możliwości rozwiązania problemu segregacji w zakresie projektowania urbanistycznego oraz sformułowanie bardziej skutecznych interwencji antysegregacyjnych. Space Syntax analysis in the Face of the Phenomenon of Social Segregation and Spatial Isolation of Residential Areas In many urban areas there is an observable extreme segregation of public space, in addition to the fact that many housing districts are spatially isolated from the city as a whole. As traditional methods of urban analysis provide poor guidelines in this context, an attempt to investigate this problem and present a different approach to segregation in urban design was made. This paper presents an investigation about how Space Syntax theories and methods can contribute to creating more detailed descriptions of spatial relationships in different districts and in the entire city. The research method employed was an analysis of the literature (both domestic and trade). Space-Syntax-based urban analysis enables demonstrating significant structural differences between districts and to determine the impact of urban forms on the spatial advantages of different areas of the city. It provides new opportunities to address segregation in urban design and formulate more effective anti-segregation interventions.

The architecture of the periphery: two views of Madrid's periphery seen through Aldo Rossi's work

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-384
Author(s):  
Alona Martínez Pérez ◽  
Stephen Walker
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Method ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Urban Theory ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Photographic Survey ◽  
New City ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The City

This article brings together two distinct aspects of Aldo Rossi's urban theory and reads them against recent urban peripheral development in Madrid. By exploring the scientific method used in Rossi's work The Architecture of the City against the contemporary conditions of this metropolis, the authors examine whether and to what extent either ‘memory’ or ‘permanence’ are reflected in this new city. Additionally, the analogous city of fragments that Rossi explored in the second phase of his career is also brought into play, and considered in relation to Rossi's scientific method. Developing from Rossi's later approach, we carried out a photographic survey of these areas to understand the contemporary urban landscape. We utilise these two theoretical positions in his work as a form of critique on today's periphery, focusing on two of the Urban Action Plans (PAUs) — Las Tablas and San Chinarro — in the city of Madrid, and bridging the ideas of theory and project that were so important for La Tendenza, the group of architects to which Rossi belonged in the 1960s. These specific study areas allow a broader understanding of the patterns of urban development around Madrid, and the consequences of these projects as experienced by citizens of the city. More broadly, this analysis aims to further our understanding of the European urban peripheral condition, and points to the continuing relevance offered by the theoretical approaches of Rossi's work in today's context, a critical discourse that is felt to be necessary by the authors.

scholarly journals Location-based density and diversity – adding attraction variables to space syntax

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Marcus ◽  
Meta Berghauser Pont ◽  
Gianna Stavroulaki ◽  
Jane Bobkova
Keyword(s):  
Space Syntax ◽  
Spatial Form ◽  
Street Network ◽  
Syntax Analysis ◽  
Architectural Model ◽  
Density Analysis ◽  
Important Exception ◽  
New Methodologies ◽  
The City ◽  
Spatial Attraction

The central variables in any urban model are distance and attraction (Wilson 2000). Space syntax research has contributed to the development of new geometric descriptions and measures of distance that have proven successful when it comes to capturing pedestrian movement. However, the description and measurement of attractions has not been central to the field. An important exception is the development of Place Syntax analysis, which concerns new methodologies and software that opens for analysis not only of different kinds of accessibilities in the street network in itself, but also analysis of the accessibility within the network to different forms of attractions, for instance, residents or retail (Ståhle et al 2005).   Place Syntax analysis is a generic form of analysis, why we may choose to analyse the accessibility to particular socio-economic attractions, but we may also conceive of a model of ‘pure’ spatial form – a kind of architectural model of the city. For instance, Place Syntax analysis has been applied in different kinds of density analysis, transforming density measures from area-based measures to location-based measures (Ståhle et al 2005). In this paper, we extend such spatial attraction to not only include the variable of density but also diversity and present results from an extensive empirical study including four European cities, paving the way towards a more complete architectural model of the city including both the analysis of distance and attractions.  

scholarly journals Of food courts and other demons: shopping malls in Mexico as new centers for urban life

ILUMINURAS ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (37) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolin Loysa
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Shopping Malls ◽  
Anthropological Study ◽  
Fertile Ground ◽  
New City ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Shopping malls are a global phenomenon that has transformed the urban landscape towards a division in homogenized spaces worldwide throughout the last decades. We find malls in almost every bigger city. They offer a space where everybody, no matter where they are from, knows one’s way around. Especially Mexico seems to offer a fertile ground for the success of malls as they offer a presumably needed safe and prestigious space for social encounter. Furthermore, they often provoke the consolidation of whole new city districts. In consequence, what makes this phenomenon interesting for an anthropological study, are the socio-spatial practices that go beyond the intended use of a mall. This article wants to give a brief insight on the impact that malls can have on Mexican cities, using the city of Puebla as an example. Therefore it shall be questioned what makes malls so attractive and how this changes social dynamics in the urban landscape.Keywords: Shopping Malls. Urban Anthropology. Globalization. Public Space. Social Exclusion.

scholarly journals Urban Commerce and Protected Cultural Landscape

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Griñán Montealegre ◽  
Mónica López Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Commercial Activity ◽  
Historical Landscape ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

From the analysis of the urban landscape, the investigation focuses on the role of commerce in historical urban areas and their relations at present with the landscape, in relation to the preservation of heritage values. Trade plays an essential role in historical urban areas, both in its past and in its present, since it is part of the urban landscape, creating it and modifying it but also preserving it. The historical protected urban areas contain diverse elements that reflect the impact of the commercial activity existing in the city throughout history. At present, the urban landscape of commercial activity is made up of a multiplicity of typologies and formats. Trade interacts with the historical landscape in which it is developed and the heritage values of that landscape, using them to strengthen its strategies of attraction, differentiation and sales. The shop owners contribute to the preservation of historic urban areas by maintaining the commercial function in them. Therefore, we affirm that the role of commercial activity in the preservation of urban protected areas is essential. However, further research is needed because the scientific community specializing in the management of cultural heritage has not deepened in this aspect.

AN INTEGRATED PUBLIC ART IN PUTRAJAYA URBAN LANDSCAPE

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Alamah Misni Misni ◽  
Anwar Suran
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Sense Of Place ◽  
Public Art ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
The City

The art found in public space represents a local social and cultural situation, as well as the artistic and aesthetic tendencies. There is a close relationship between the public art and the city landscape. Public art is part of the broader visual environment of buildings, landscapes, and infrastructure. It can promote a sense of place, contribute to legibility or wayfinding, and support efforts to quality urban design. It can be in the form of sculpture, street furniture, mural, and even fountain structure. This research focuses on the user's perception and appreciation of integrated public art in the Putrajaya urban landscape. Data was collected using qualitative and quantitative methods. The case study data collections were conducted through a survey, observation, and distribution of questionnaires. The case study was carried out in the Putrajaya urban landscape. Putrajaya was selected as a case study because it is the new administrative capital of Malaysia that has seen the need to be distinctively outstanding in both its characteristics and development. Putrajaya has revealed the influence of public art in enforcing and strengthening the identity of the city. Subsequently, the recommendation has been made to enhance the planning process and management system by the local authority in the Putrajaya urban landscape. Therefore, this research will help to generate the social awareness and understanding of the effort of integrating public art into the Malaysian urban landscape. Keywords: Putrajaya, planning, public art, sense of place, urban landscape

scholarly journals Urban Landscape Structure of a Fast-Growing African City: The Case of Niamey (Niger)

Urban Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Jean-Pierre Rossi ◽  
Gauthier Dobigny
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Landscape Metrics ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
African City ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Niger River ◽  
The City

Combining multivariable statistics and geostatistics with landscape metrics, we attempted to quantify the spatial pattern of urbanization in the city of Niamey, Niger. Landscape metrics provided local quantification of both landscape composition and physiognomy while the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) yielded a multivariable summary of the main source of landscape metrics variation across the city. We used the variogram (geostatistics) to analyze the spatial pattern of the PCA outcomes and to characterize the associated spatial scales of variation. In Niamey, the main urban structure corresponded to a gradient ranging from highly diversified, fragmented, and both wooded and built-up areas in the city center and along the Niger River, to less green zones gathering steel-roofed houses whose density diminished towards the periphery. This concentric structure centered on the Niger River clearly reflected the history of Niamey. PCA and geostatistics provided appealing quantitative estimates of spatial patterns, scales, anisotropy and intensity of urban structures. Although these different tools are known in landscape ecology, they are rarely used together. The present paper illustrates how they allow characterizing the marked spatial variation of the urban landscape of the fast-growing African city of Niamey (Niger). Such a quantification of the urban landscapes may be extremely useful for future correlative investigations in various fields of research and planning.

The Applicability of Space Syntax to Bicycle Facility Planning

2008 ◽  
Vol 2074 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris McCahill ◽  
Norman W. Garrick
Keyword(s):  
Census Data ◽  
Urban Transportation ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Facility Planning ◽  
Syntax Analysis ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Improved Design ◽  
Space Syntax Analysis ◽  
The City

With the emergence of bicycles as an increasingly viable form of urban transportation comes the need for improved design and planning tools. Existing methods for evaluating bicycle facilities and for prioritizing their construction and maintenance are reviewed. Two components are necessary for such an analysis: one for assessing the quality of the segments that make up the network, and one for assessing the overall network itself. Space syntax analysis is evaluated as a tool for network assessment on the basis of its potential to predict patterns of travel over different network configurations. The theory behind space syntax is evaluated and then tested by using data from the city of Cambridge, Massachusetts. A good model for predicting bicycle volumes within a network can be constructed by using only census data and the space syntax measure “choice.” Unlike existing bicycle suitability measures, space syntax describes the importance of segments to the connectivity or completeness of the network.

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