scholarly journals Morphological variability within the indigenous sheep population of Benin

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0258761
Author(s):  
Habib Rainier Vihotogbe Whannou ◽  
Cossi Ulriche Afatondji ◽  
Maurice Cossi Ahozonlin ◽  
Martin Spanoghe ◽  
Deborah Lanterbecq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
The South ◽  
Morphometric Traits ◽  
Sheep Population ◽  
Indigenous Sheep ◽  
The North ◽  
Physical Traits ◽  
Linear Body

Knowledge of both the genetic diversity and geographical distribution of animal genetic resources is a prerequisite for their sustainable utilization, improvement and conservation. The present study was undertaken to explore the current morphological variability within the sheep population in Benin as a prelude for their molecular characterization. From November 2018 to February 2020, 25 quantitative linear body measurements and 5 qualitative physical traits were recorded on 1240 adult ewes from the 10 phytogeographic zones that comprise the three vegetation zones of Benin. Fourteen morphological indices were calculated based on the linear body measurements. The collected data were first analyzed using multiple comparisons of least-square means (LSmeans), followed by generalized linear model (GLM) procedures, to explore the relationships among the measured morphometric traits and the 10 phytogeographic zones. Next, the presence of any genetic sub-populations was examined using multivariate analytical methods, including canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) and ascending hierarchical clustering (AHC). Univariate analyses indicated that all quantitative linear body measurements varied significantly (P<0.05) across the phytogeographic zones. The highest values (LSmean± standard error) of withers height (68.3±0.47 cm), sternum height (46.0±0.35 cm), and rump height (68.8±0.47 cm) were recorded in the Mekrou-Pendjari zone, the drier phytogeographic zone in the North, whereas the lowest values, 49.2±0.34, 25.9±0.26, and 52.0±0.35 cm, respectively, were recorded in the Pobe zone in the South. Multivariate analyses revealed the prevalence of four distinct sheep sub-populations in Benin. The sub-population from the South could be assimilated to the short-legged and that from the North to the West African long-legged sheep. The two other sub-populations were intermediate and closer to the crossbreeds or another short-legged sub-breed. The proportion of individuals correctly classified in their group of origin was approximately 74%. These results uncovered a spatial morphological variation in the Beninese sheep population along a South-North phytogeographic gradient.

7.6 Concentrate feeding of sheep in Nigeria

1981 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 421-428
Author(s):  
W. L. Brinckman
Keyword(s):  
West African ◽  
The South ◽  
The West ◽  
Sheep Population ◽  
West African Dwarf ◽  
The North ◽  
Southern Border

Total sheep population in Nigeria is probably around 8 million (anonymous, 1975). The majority of these sheep live in the northern part of the country. The three most important breeds in the north are the Uda, the Balami and the Yankasa. The former two are examples of the typical longlegged, long-tailed, hairy sheep, living along the southern border of the Sahara. The Yankasa occupies the middle and most of the northern part of the country. It probably developed as a cross between the West African Dwarf (or Forest) Sheep from the south and the Uda from the north. It possesses the heavy neck ruff that is typical of the West African Dwarf but is taller and heavier.

Morphological Variability in Illex Coindetii (Cephalopoda: Ommastrephidae) Along the North-West Coast of Africa

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 1259-1268 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Hernández-García ◽  
J.J. Castro
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Gulf Of Guinea ◽  
The South ◽  
Differential Growth ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Males And Females

This paper gives morphometric variations and dorsal mantle length–total weight (DML-TW) relationships for Illex coindetii in the eastern Central Atlantic area. Positive allometry was observed in males and negative in females of the species. The most variable body measurements between males and females were width and perimeter of the head. In the study area, divergence of morphometric measurement starts at 95 mm. The point of divergence, however, varies with latitude; fluctuating from 104 mm in the north (Morocco and Sahara) to 76 mm in the central area (Mauritania and north of Senegal) and 73 mm in the south (Gulf of Guinea).The relationships between DML and TW showed that sexual dimorphism due to differential growth between males and females starts to occur at 56 mm ML. The starting point of sexual dimorphism (56 mm) varies according to the zone; the higher the latitude, the later it occurs. Thus, sexual dimorphism occurs at 49 mm in the south (Gulf of Guinea), at 54 mm in the central area (Mauritania and north of Senegal) and at 74 mm in the north (Morocco and Sahara). Females grow larger than males, but males were heavier at any given length. As latitude decreased, a slow down in the increase in weight-at-length was observed in both sexes.

scholarly journals Morphometric traits of turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) as affected by genotype and sex

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
I. O. Dudusola ◽  
H. A. Bashiru ◽  
I. Awojimi
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Information ◽  
Meleagris Gallopavo ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Morphometric Traits ◽  
Measuring Tape ◽  
Beak Length ◽  
Linear Body

Morphometric traits have been found useful in quantifying body size and shape and scientific information on them would be required for genetic improvement of turkeys. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of sex and genotype on morphometric traits of turkey (Meleagris gallopavo). Linear body measurements were taken on 70 exotic turkeys (20 males and 50 females) and 80 locally adapted turkeys (30 males and 50 females) randomly selected from the Turkey Unit at Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching and Research Farm. The linear body measurements taken and recorded were the beak length, head length, neck length, body length, keel length, wing span, wing length, drumstick, Shank length, toe length, tail length and body girth all taken in centimeters (cm) using a measuring tape. Data were analyzed with the GLM procedure of SAS and Duncan Multiple Range Test was used to detect differences among means. There were significant differences (p <0.05) between male and female turkeys with male turkeys having higher values as an expression of sexual dimorphism for all studied traits. Further, the male was found to be significantly higher (p <0.05) than the females for all the morphometric traits measured both for the local and exotic type. The exotic type was found to be significantly (p <0.05) higher than the local type for all the morphometric traits measured. There were significant (p <0.05) interactions between sex and genotype with the male exotic having higher values of all the morphometric traits observed. It was concluded that turkeys are sexually dimorphic and that exotic type had higher body conformation and morphology than their locally adapted counterpart.

scholarly journals Morphological characterization and evaluation of heat tolerance traits in Nigerian goat breeds

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
M. Wheto ◽  
B. M. Ilori ◽  
A. J. Sanda ◽  
M. A. Adeleke ◽  
S. O. Durosaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
West African ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
The West ◽  
West African Dwarf ◽  
Genetic Makeup ◽  
Linear Body

There are three main breeds of goat in Nigeria: The West African Dwarf (WAD), the Red Sokoto and the Sahel. Goats are renowned for their hardiness and can survive in most environments. The goats sampling was carried out from farms and markets across different states in Nigeria, according to the geographical distribution of the breeds published by Blench (1999). This experiment was carried out to analyse morphological variability among Nigerian goats. A total of 318 goats spread across the three Nigerian breeds were used in the following populations (57 Sahel, 187 Red Sokoto and 137 West African Dwarf). Data were collected on body weight, linear body measurements and heat tolerance traits and were subjected to analysis of variance using the fixed effects of breed, sex and location. Results showed that breed, sex and location significantly (P<0.05) affected all the linear body measurements and heat tolerance traits. The Sahel breed had the highest values in most of the measured traits compared to the West African Dwarf and the Red Sokoto breeds of goat. It was observed that goats from the northern part of Nigeria were heavier than their southern counterparts, and this can be likened to their genetic makeup and the extent of its interaction with the environment. The results of the study confirmed the population structure of Nigerian goat breeds and showed that they possess enough diversity to enhance genetic improvement for higher survival and productivity.

Prediction of body weight from linear body measurement in two breeds of cattle

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 041-046
Author(s):  
Jessie Ezekiel Udoh ◽  
Emmanuel Godwin David ◽  
Uduak Linus Unah
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
State University ◽  
Morphometric Traits ◽  
Face Length ◽  
The Mean ◽  
White Fulani ◽  
Body Parameters ◽  
Linear Body

The study compared live weight and linear body measurements of two breeds of cattle (White Fulani and Muturu Cattle) and regressed linear body measurements on live weight. A total of eighty-six cattle of forty-three per a breed were reared at the cattle production unit of the Teaching and Research Farm, Akwa Ibom State University – Obio Akpa Campus, Nigeria in a semi intensive management system. Parameters measured were; live weight (LW), face length (FCL), head circumference (HC), ear length (EL), neck length(NL), neck circumference(NC), height at wither(HW), body length(BL), body circumference(BC), hind limb(HL), fore limb(FL), and tail length(TL). The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis for morphometric traits and prediction was done through linear model regression method using SPSS statistical software package. Breed of cattle significantly (P>0.05) affected all linear body measurements and live weight exception of NL .Linear body Parameters of both breeds were compared. The mean live weight of White Fulani and Muturu were 251.28kg and 149.81kg, respectively. Means of FL, EL, NL, BL, HL, TL and BC, NC and HW of White Fulani were significantly (P<0.01) higher than Muturu breed but the HC of Muturu was significantly (P<0.01) higher than White Fulani breed. Muturu breed had higher R2 of 0.98 in BL and BC than White Fulani breed. In conclusion, White Fulani was considered a larger breed than Muturu cattle. Live weight can be accurately predicted from linear body measurements through BC and BL in both breeds.

scholarly journals New records of the alien polychaete worm Chaetozone corona (Polychaeta: Cirratulidae) in the Adriatic Sea

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Grossi ◽  
Fabio Bertasi ◽  
Benedetta Trabucco
Keyword(s):  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
New Records ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Methyl Green ◽  
The South ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
The North ◽  
Successful Establishment ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Italian Coasts

Several specimens of the alien polychaete Chaetozone corona were encountered at sites along the Italian coasts of the Adriatic Sea between 2006 and 2015, indicating its successful establishment in the area. Morphological variability between specimens from the North Adriatic and the South Adriatic was detected. Methyl Green staining patterns revealed further minor differences suggesting the presence of two slightly different populations. Chaetozone corona does not appear to be invasive in natural conditions, but it appears more abundant in polluted port sediments, what may represent the main source of introduction.

scholarly journals SPECIAL ASPECTS OF CONSONANTISM OF THE OLD UKRAINIAN LANGUAGE IN THE LETTERS OF THE XV CENT.

2020 ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
I. Tsaralunga ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
The South ◽  
Language System ◽  
The North ◽  
Sound Changes ◽  
Language Assimilation

The article deals with the language of valuable reminders of the official style – Middle-Age letters. With the help of the end-to-end analysis of the XV century documents there were investigated the special aspects of consonantism of the Old Ukrainian language of that time, the territorial specificity of the witnessed phonetic phenomena was determined. On the basis of the developed methodology for the analysis of written monuments, the first attempt in the Ukrainian studies of systematic investigation of variational phonetic elements was made, the causes of language fluctuations were clarified, the role of dialects, foreign-language influences in the emergence of phonetic and morphological variability of written monuments of the specified period was identified, the place of linguistic parallelism in the formation of a specific literary-written system in the Ukrainian and adjacent territories of XV century was determined. Many important sound changes were observed: the hardening of the consonant [p’], typical of the south-western Ukrainian dialects; the hardening of sibilants, typical of the Ukrainian language system; frequent examples of the hard consonant [ų], characteristic of the North-Ukrainian sub-dialects; assimilation by the soft apical consonants of the neighboring [j], reflected in the modern Ukrainian language; assimilation in the combinations of “sonant + voiceless” and “voiceless + sonant”; simplification in the groups of consonants, present in Ukrainian nowadays; diverse specificity of reflexes of the sound combinations *dj, *zdj; signs of transition [мj]> [мн], typical of the south-western sub-dialects; reflection of sounds [г] and [ґ], etc. Various consequences of the phonemic implementation have led to the development of variability in the consonant system of the Old Ukrainian language of the XV century.

Long-term Cyclic Variations of Prominences, Green and Red Coronae over Solar Cycles

2000 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 201-204
Author(s):  
Vojtech Rušin ◽  
Milan Minarovjech ◽  
Milan Rybanský
Keyword(s):  
Emission Lines ◽  
High Latitudes ◽  
Green Line ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
The South ◽  
Coronal Emission ◽  
Local Maxima ◽  
The North ◽  
Cyclic Variations

AbstractLong-term cyclic variations in the distribution of prominences and intensities of green (530.3 nm) and red (637.4 nm) coronal emission lines over solar cycles 18–23 are presented. Polar prominence branches will reach the poles at different epochs in cycle 23: the north branch at the beginning in 2002 and the south branch a year later (2003), respectively. The local maxima of intensities in the green line show both poleward- and equatorward-migrating branches. The poleward branches will reach the poles around cycle maxima like prominences, while the equatorward branches show a duration of 18 years and will end in cycle minima (2007). The red corona shows mostly equatorward branches. The possibility that these branches begin to develop at high latitudes in the preceding cycles cannot be excluded.

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