Hand-in-hand in the golden years: Cognitive interdependence, partner involvement in retirement planning, and the transition into retirement

This research examined the influence of cognitive interdependence—a mental state reflecting a collective representation of the self-in-relationship—on the anticipation for and experiences with the transition into retirement. Among soon-to-be retirees (Study 1), greater cognitive interdependence was associated with seeing partners as more instrumental to one’s goals both pre- and post-retirement, anticipating greater goal alignment post-retirement, and having directly involved partners in retirement planning to a greater extent than those relatively lower in cognitive interdependence. Among recent retirees (Study 2), retrospective cognitive interdependence was associated with post-retirement goal alignment and goal instrumentality, and the extent to which they believed they had directly involved their partners in retirement planning. However, it was post-retirement goal alignment that was associated with greater ease of retirement and subjective well-being. Finally, soon-to-be retirees relatively high in cognitive interdependence responded to concerns about their retirement (i.e., goal discordance and high retirement ambivalence) by wanting to involve their partners in their retirement plans to a greater extent (Study 3). These studies highlight the importance of romantic partners across the lifespan, and how partners might influence retirement planning, the transition to retirement, and well-being among recent retirees.

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Heterogenizing and Enriching the Self

10.1093/oso/9780190687793.003.0007 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Hubert J. M Hermans

Keyword(s):

Communication Channels ◽

Well Being ◽

The Self ◽

Central Feature ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Dynamic Relationship

A central feature of a democratic self is its heterogeneity, expressed in its diversity of positions and richness of experience. Heterogeneity is explored by examining three phenomena: the multiplicity of subjective well-being; the polarity between shadow and shining positions in the self; and the dynamic relationship between comfort, challenge and danger zones in the self-space. The existence of shadow positions is elaborated by a discussion of scapegoating and the construction of an enemy image. Furthermore, the concepts of homophily and heterophily are compared. Homophily refers to the finding that contact between similar people occurs at a higher rate than among dissimilar people. Heterophily refers to the tendency to communicate with people who are dissimilar to one’s own views, values, and experiences. Enlarging the communication channels between I-positions requires both tendencies, because homophily facilitates efficiency of communication, while heterophily stimulates innovation.

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The Covid-19 lockdown in the United Kingdom and subjective well-being: Have the self-employed suffered more due to hours and income reductions?

International Small Business Journal Researching Entrepreneurship ◽

10.1177/0266242620986763 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 026624262098676 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wei Yue ◽

Marc Cowling

Keyword(s):

United Kingdom ◽

Rare Events ◽

Well Being ◽

The Self ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Data Set ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Hours Of Work ◽

Period Data ◽

The Uk

It is well documented that the self-employed experience higher levels of happiness than waged employees even when their incomes are lower. Given the UK government’s asymmetric treatment of waged workers and the self-employed, we use a unique Covid-19 period data set which covers the months leading up to the March lockdown and the months just after to assess three aspects of the Covid-19 crisis on the self-employed: hours of work reductions, the associated income reductions and the effects of both on subjective well-being. Our findings show the large and disproportionate reductions in hours and income for the self-employed directly contributed to a deterioration in their levels of subjective well-being compared to waged workers. It appears that their resilience was broken when faced with the reality of dealing with rare events, particularly when the UK welfare support response was asymmetric and favouring waged employees.

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Screening Using the SDQ Total Difficulties Scale: An Analog Test of Three Cutoff Values

10.31234/osf.io/wvzfm ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Tyler L Renshaw

Keyword(s):

Well Being ◽

The Self ◽

Self Report ◽

Future Research ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Analog Test ◽

Research And Practice ◽

Cutoff Values ◽

Dependent Variables ◽

Strengths And Difficulties

This brief report presents an analog test of the relative classification validity of three cutoff values (CVs; 16, 18, and 20) derived from responses to the self-report version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: Total Difficulties Scale. Results from Bayesian t-tests, using several school-specific subjective well-being indicators as dependent variables, yielded evidence suggesting all CV models effectively differentiated between students with lower and higher levels of risk. Evidence also indicated that the lowest CV (16) was more effective than the higher CVs (18, 20) at identifying students with greater levels of risk, and that the higher CVs functioned comparably well. Implications for future research and practice are noted.

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Feeling Interpersonally Controlled While Pursuing Materialistic Goals: A Problematic Combination for Moral Behavior

Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin ◽

10.1177/0146167218766863 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 44 (9) ◽

pp. 1330-1349 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Kennon M. Sheldon ◽

Nicolas Sommet ◽

Mike Corcoran ◽

Andrew J. Elliot

Keyword(s):

Unethical Behavior ◽

Predictive Power ◽

Well Being ◽

Self Determination Theory ◽

The Self ◽

Self Determination ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Life Goal ◽

Immoral Behavior ◽

Complex Approach

We created a life-goal assessment drawing from self-determination theory and achievement goal literature, examining its predictive power regarding immoral behavior and subjective well-being. Our source items assessed direction and energization of motivation, via the distinction between intrinsic and extrinsic aims and between intrinsic and extrinsic reasons for acting, respectively. Fused source items assessed four goal complexes representing a combination of direction and energization. Across three studies ( Ns = 109, 121, and 398), the extrinsic aim/extrinsic reason complex was consistently associated with immoral and/or unethical behavior beyond four source and three other goal complex variables. This was consistent with the triangle model of responsibility’s claim that immoral behaviors may result when individuals disengage the self from moral prescriptions. The extrinsic/extrinsic complex also predicted lower subjective well-being, albeit less consistently. Our goal complex approach sheds light on how self-determination theory’s goal contents and organismic integration mini-theories interact, particularly with respect to unethical behavior.

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Remembering the past and imagining the future: Partners’ responsiveness in specific events relates to relationship satisfaction and subjective well-being

Journal of Social and Personal Relationships ◽

10.1177/0265407519873041 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 538-558

Author(s):

Xiancai Cao ◽

Dahua Wang ◽

Yan Wang

Keyword(s):

Episodic Memory ◽

Relationship Satisfaction ◽

Romantic Relationship ◽

Well Being ◽

Romantic Partners ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Secure Base ◽

Episodic Simulation ◽

Sense Of Security ◽

Secure Base Support

Attachment theory indicates that romantic partners’ availability and responsiveness provide individuals with a sense of security and the repeated experience of which could have enduring effects on individuals’ subjective well-being and relationship outcomes. We proposed that retrieving episodic memory and episodic simulation related to secure-base support could also help individuals obtain information about partners’ responsiveness, which in turn would promote long-term subjective well-being and relationship satisfaction. To provide the evidence of this notion, the current study investigated the relationship between partner’s responsiveness in episodic memory/simulation of secure-base support and relationship satisfaction as well as subjective well-being. We recruited 136 young adults ( M age = 21.89, SD = 2.57) who were currently involved in a romantic relationship for at least 6 months. Participants completed measures of relationship satisfaction and subjective well-being; then, they provided specific episodic memory and simulations related to secure-base support as well as rated partners’ responsiveness in each event. Results indicated that partners’ responsiveness in both episodic memory and simulations was significantly positively related to participants’ relationship satisfaction and subjective well-being. These results provide novel implications for the function of episodic memory and episodic simulation of secure-base support in the attachment system.

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PROCRASTINATION AND SELF-CONCEPT IN MORE/LESS CONSCIENTIOUS STUDENTS

Psychological Applications and Trends 2021 ◽

10.36315/2021inpact034 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Marianna Berinšterová ◽

◽

Miroslava Bozogáňová ◽

Monika Magdová ◽

Jana Kapová ◽

...

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Well Being ◽

The Self ◽

Self Control ◽

Self Concept ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Negatively Associated

"Given its significant negative consequences for university students, procrastination has been studied extensively and shown to be associated with conscientiousness as a personality trait. Involving 333 university students doing teacher training programmes (68.5% female; Mage=20.51 (SD=1.61); 83.48% undergraduates doing a bachelor’s degree), our study aimed to explore the association between procrastination among more/less conscientious students and selected self-concept variables (self-control, self-efficacy, etc.). Our questionnaire was based on the Ten-Item Personality Inventory (Gosling, Rentfrow, Swann, 2003), the Self-Control Scale (Finkenauer, Engels, Baumeister, 2005), the Self-efficacy Scale (Ko?š, Hefteyova, Schwarzer, Jerusalem, 1993), and the Procrastination Scale for Student Populations (Gabrhelík, 2008); our control variables were gender and well- being (Subjective Well-Being Scale, Chan-Hoong, Soon, 2011). The sample was divided into two groups – (1) less conscientious and (2) more conscientious) – using the method of visual binning in SPSS 20. A t-test for independent samples and linear regression were used for data analysis. The less conscientious students in our sample reported a higher level of procrastination (t=6.479; df=310; p?0.001; Cohen's d=0.681). A linear model was conducted for both groups (the dependent variable being the level of procrastination, the independent variables being gender and the levels of self-control, self-efficacy, and well-being). Both models were significant ((1) F=8.449; p?0.001; R2=32.6; (2) F= 7.277; p?0.001; R2=25.7). Among the less conscientious students, the levels of self-control (?=-0.546; t=-5.262; p?0.001) and self-efficacy (?=-0.238; t=-2.092; p?0.001) were negatively associated with procrastination. Among the more conscientious students, the level of self-control (?=0.404; t=-3.929; p?0.001) was negatively associated with procrastination and “being a man” (0–man; 1–woman) (?=-0.307; t=-3.219; p?0.05) was significantly associated with the level of procrastination. The results of our study show trait and personality differences in the level of procrastination, highlighting the importance of self-control and self-efficacy development among university students. Interactive programmes with an impact on students’ self-concept can be a significant contribution to students’ ability to cope with their study requirements effectively. It could be argued that the limits of this study include cross-sectional and self-reported data."

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ASPEK DAN PENILAIAN KESEJAHTERAAN SUBJEKTIF: KEBAHAGIAAN, KEGEMBIRAAN, KEPUASAN DAN KUALITI HIDUP

Jurnal Pengajian Melayu ◽

10.22452/jomas.vol32no2.6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 95-112

Author(s):

Nik Shahrizan Nik Mad ◽

Marzudi Md Yunus ◽

Muhammad Shamsinor Abdul Azziz

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Life Satisfaction ◽

Family Environment ◽

Good Life ◽

Well Being ◽

The Self ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Self Assessment

Subjective well-being is the self-assessment of happiness, pleasure, satisfaction and quality of life, measured specifically and holistically. The assessment of subjective well-being is varied based on the area of focus of the researcher. Events that occur over some time also could affect an individual’s evaluation. Various factors assess well-being, such as character, love, wisdom, excitement and experiences leading to a good life. The evaluation of the positive and negative effects also affects the subjects’ emotions and mood during a study. Earlier studies showed that well-being is not merely related to income and ownership, but issues on health, activities, personality, emotions, mood, family, environment and various other factors. Therefore, this article aims to discuss aspects, assessment methods, theories and progress based on articles, books and research related to subjective well-being. This study utilises the literature review approach to collect data on subjective well-being. The finding shows that the level of subjective well-being is diverse and dynamic, and not limited to certain aspects and factors that could affect humans. Keywords: subjective well-being; self-assessment; happiness; life satisfaction; quality of life.

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