scholarly journals Oestrus ovis in Ecuador: Importance in the Andean sheep farming

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 522-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Ortega-Munoz ◽  
Nivia Luzuriaga-Neira ◽  
Richard Salazar-Silva ◽  
Richar Rodriguez-Hidalgo
Keyword(s):  
Linear Model ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Paranasal Sinuses ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Generalized Linear Model ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Oestrus Ovis ◽  
Place Of Origin ◽  
The Relationship

Aim: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Oestrus ovis in sheep meant for meat commercialization in the main slaughterhouse of the country. Materials and Methods: Between October 2015 and December 2015, we assessed the occurrence of Oestrus myiasis in the main slaughterhouse localized in Quito. In total, 80 sheep heads were randomly inspected and necropsied. Larvae were removed from nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses and cleaned. ANOVA (generalized linear model) was used to estimate the relationship between sex, age, and place of origin and presence or absence of parasite larvae. Results: Morphological identification confirmed that 19% (15/80) of the examined animals were positive for Oestrus ovis; from the positive cases, 21% were young animals <12 months old. We found that statistical differences by animal sex, males, were most infested 93% (14/15) than females 7% (1/15). Larvae's L2 were more abundant than other stages (62 of the total 149). 14 of the infested animals were from the Andean places at > 2500 meters above sea level (m.a.s.l.), and only one case from the coastal region at 250 m.a.s.l. with tropical environmental conditions. Conclusion: Our results showed evidence of the presence of myiasis caused by O. ovis in Andean and coastal places in Ecuador and its adaptation to different environmental conditions from that reported previously in temperate regions from Europe and Africa.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Disease Warning System for Downy Mildew of Grapes

Plant Disease ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (5) ◽  
pp. 549-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. V. Madden ◽  
M. A. Ellis ◽  
N. Lalancette ◽  
G. Hughes ◽  
L. L. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Linear Model ◽  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Generalized Linear Model ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Plasmopara Viticola ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Subsequent Infection ◽  
Grape Downy Mildew

An electronic warning system for grape downy mildew— based on models for the infection of leaves of Vitis lambrusca, production of sporangia by Plasmopara viticola in lesions, and sporangial survival—was tested over 7 years in Ohio. Grapevines were sprayed with metalaxyl plus mancozeb (Ridomil MZ58) when the warning system indicated that environmental conditions were favorable for sporulation and subsequent infection. Over the 7 years, plots were sprayed from one to four times according to the warning system, and from four to 10 times according to the standard calendar-based schedule (depending on the date of the initiation of the experiment). The warning system resulted in yearly reductions of one to six sprays (with median of three sprays). Disease incidence (i.e., proportion of leaves with symptoms) in unsprayed plots at the end of the season ranged from 0 to 86%, with a median of 68%. Incidence generally was very similar for the warning-system and standard-schedule treatments (median of 7% of the leaves with symptoms), and both of these incidence values were significantly lower (P < 0.05) than that found for the unsprayed control, based on a generalized-linear-model analysis. Simplifications of the disease warning system, where sprays were applied based only on the infection or sporulation components of the system, were also effective in controlling the disease, although more fungicide applications sometimes were applied. Effective control of downy mildew, therefore, can be achieved with the use of the warning system with fewer sprays than a with a standard schedule.

scholarly journals Association between Serum Ferritin and Blood Lipids: Influence of Diabetes and hs-CRP Levels

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lianlong Yu ◽  
Jingyi Yan ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Hong Lin ◽  
Lichao Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Model ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Generalized Linear Model ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Real Relationship ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Parsimonious Model ◽  
The Relationship

This study is aimed at exploring the relationship between serum ferritin and blood lipids and the influence of diabetes and different hs-CRP levels. A total of 8163 subjects were analyzed. Participators were classified according to serum ferritin, diabetes, and two hs-CRP levels. Blood lipids were determined using standardized methods and conditions. Except for HDL-C, there was a significant increase in blood lipids in the progressive ferritin group with normal hs-CRP levels (P<0.05). But HDL-C was just the opposite (P<0.0001). In nondiabetic patients, TG, TC, and LDL-C were significantly elevated in the progressive ferritin group (P<0.05). And, HDL-C was just the opposite (P<0.05). The generalized linear model and the parsimonious model showed that serum TG was positively correlated with ferritin, and LDL-C was negatively correlated with ferritin (P<0.05). But the correlation between LDL-C and ferritin was broken (P>0.05). After a sufficient adjustment, there was a positive correlation between serum TG and ferritin and a negative correlation between LDL-C and ferritin. Nonetheless, a negative correlation between LDL-C and ferritin is influenced by diabetes frailly. And, there was no change of relationship between lipids and ferritin in different hs-CRP levels. We found a real relationship between ferritin and lipids after sufficient adjustment for confounders.

scholarly journals Routing for safer rides: a space syntax approach to predict bicycle collisions in a Brazilian city

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danaê Fernandes ◽  
Mariana Ragassi Urbano ◽  
Milena Kanashiro
Keyword(s):  
Linear Model ◽  
Generalized Linear Model ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Urban Network ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

Abstract In order to broaden the discussion on the safety of bicycle transport, this paper uses the analytical capacity of the spatial syntax applied to the recording of accidents involving cyclists in the city of Rolândia-PR, located in the Southern Region of Brazil. With the availability of 535 reports of trips made by bicycle mode, collected in the survey origin and destination of the city, a database was elaborated where each segment of the road received its numerical value from the loading of trips, and its corresponding values of choice and integration, generated in the Depthmap software. As a result, the relationship between the point of accident and the trip record by bicycle was refuted. In contrast, the angular values of choice and integration were sufficient to explain the occurrence of accidents involving cyclists in each segment of the municipal urban network, statistically proven through the generation of a generalized linear model. The contribution of this study focuses on the validity of using spatial syntax to predict safer routes, which is considered a theoretical-methodological approach that identifies priority routes for the implementation of specific infrastructure for bicycle transport.

scholarly journals Remote wind stress influence on mean sea level in a subtropical coastal region

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-342
Author(s):  
Mabel Calim Costa ◽  
Marcos Eduardo Cordeiro Bernardes
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Wind Stress ◽  
Stress Component ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Phase Lag ◽  
Mean Sea Level ◽  
Low Pass ◽  
Grid Points ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Stress Influence

The purpose of this study was to assess the relative influence of remote wind stress on mean sea level (MSL) variations in the coastal region of Cananeia (Sao Paulo State, Southern Brazil) during the period from 1/1/1955 to 12/31/1993. An optimized low-pass Thompson filter for the study area, and spectral analysis (cross spectrum, coherence and phase lag) of the relationship between the MSL and both parallel (T//) and perpendicular (T|) wind stress components were applied. These were extracted from four grid points of the NCEP/NCAR global model. The predominance of annual oscillations as those of greatest coherence and energy, of periods of approximately 341 days (frequency of 0.00293 cpd) and 410 days (frequency of 0.00244 cpd), respectively, were observed. Offshore NCEP/NCAR grid points were those with the highest coherence and energy throughout the study in relation to the observed MSL. This may be linked to the restriction of the NCEP/NCAR model as regards the inland limit. It is also concluded that remote wind stress may play an important role in several MSL time scales, including the annual ones. Based on criteria such as coherence and energy peaks, the wind stress component of greatest effect on MSL was the parallel one.

On the Limits of Glm for Specification Testing: A Comment on Gurmu and Trivedi

1994 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 409-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey M. Wooldridge
Keyword(s):  
Linear Model ◽  
Generalized Linear Model ◽  
General Framework ◽  
Exponential Family ◽  
Specification Testing ◽  
Specification Tests ◽  
The Relationship

In this comment on Gurmu and Trivedi's “Variable Augmentation Specification Tests in the Linear Exponential Family,” I show how their generalized linear model (GLM) approach relates to other work in econometrics on specification testing in the linear exponential family. In addition to shedding light on the relationship between the statistics and econometrics literatures on testing in quasi-likelihood frameworks, this comparison reveals some important limitations of GLM as a general framework for devising specification tests.

PSX-A-26 Late-Breaking: The perch competition index of small cage laying hens

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 366-367
Author(s):  
Yanan Wang ◽  
Yilin Liu ◽  
Runxiang Zhang ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
Jianhong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Model ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Generalized Linear Model ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Competition Index ◽  
Small Cage ◽  
The Social ◽  
Higher Rank ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract A total 72 Lohmann white laying hens at 7 weeks old were used to evaluate the relationship between social order and perch utilization. All laying hens were randomly divided into 12 cages, 6 birds in each cage. The aim of the study is to verify the hypothesis that high-ranked chickens will use perch more when there are only the perch in cage. The study researches the use of perch (including the behavior of the perch) of all hens by setting up the increasing the length of the perch. Using Clutton-Brock index by observing four behaviors (aggression, threat, replace and chase) to determine the social order of the laying hens. The data are analyzed by the generalized linear model (GLMM) in SPSS 23 software. The results showed that the higher rank laying hens used perch more times and time than other subordinate hens (P &lt; 0.001), and the lying, preening and comforting behaviors on the perch increased accordingly (P &lt; 0.001). Except for the highest rank of laying hens, the use of the perch was not significantly different among other subordinate ones (P &gt; 0.05). The conclusion of this study is providing the perch for the caged laying hens can reduce their density on the floor of the cage and make the group stable more quickly. Secondly, higher-ranked hens will use more the perch, and the subordinate hens will reduce the positive conflict with the high-ranked ones. Therefore, providing perch for furnished caged laying hens is beneficial to the welfare of the laying hens in the cage.

scholarly journals Microspatial distribution of molluscs and response of species to litter moisture, water levels and eutrophication in moist, alkaline ecosystems

2017 ◽  
Vol 147 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zofia Książkiewicz-Parulska ◽  
Jonathan D. Ablett
Keyword(s):  
Linear Model ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Generalized Linear Model ◽  
Redundancy Analysis ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Limiting Factor

We investigated the influence of litter moisture, water levels and eutrophication on the microspatial distribution of terrestrial molluscs as well as their responses to the aforementioned factors. The studies were carried out in two moist, alkaline habitats in western Poland, differing in a range of environmental conditions. Redundancy Analysis showed that litter moisture was the leading factor affecting the microspatial distribution of the snails. To analyse the relationships between species abundance and litter moisture and water levels we determined a generalized linear model (GLM). The results of the analysis show that the abundance of the majority of the species decreased with increasing eutrophication. The abundance of the majority of species increased with increase in litter moisture at the Ilanka site, whereas conversely at the Pliszka site, the majority of the species showed a decreasing abundance with increasing litter moisture. The limiting factor at the Pliszka site was probably local inundations as well as litter and plant cover.

scholarly journals Relationships of Trait Anxiety and Loss of Control Eating with Serum Leptin Concentrations among Youth

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan E. Byrne ◽  
Marian Tanofsky-Kraff ◽  
Manuela Jaramillo ◽  
Lisa M. Shank ◽  
Sarah LeMay-Russell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Model ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Generalized Linear Model ◽  
Loss Of Control ◽  
Fasting Serum ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Prospective Data ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Study Type ◽  
The Relationship

Loss of control (LOC) eating in youth is associated with elevated fasting serum leptin, even after accounting for adiposity. Anxiety is closely linked to, and may exacerbate, LOC eating. Yet, it remains unclear how anxiety relates to leptin, or if the relationship is moderated by the presence of LOC eating. We examined whether self-reported trait anxiety interacted with LOC eating in relation to leptin in a convenience sample of youths (n = 592; 13.1 ± 2.7 years; body mass index z-score (BMIz) = 0.9 ± 1.1; 61.8% girls; 53.5% non-Hispanic White; 36.6% with LOC eating). LOC eating was assessed by interview. Leptin was measured after an overnight fast. Exploratory analyses were conducted to examine anxiety and LOC eating in relation to laboratory intake patterns in three sub-samples. In a generalized linear model adjusting for relevant covariates, anxiety significantly interacted with LOC eating in relation to leptin (p = 0.02), such that greater trait anxiety related to higher concentrations of leptin only among youth with LOC eating. Trait anxiety was not significantly related to fasting serum leptin independently in a generalized linear model adjusting for age, race, height, sex, study type, and fat mass (kg). Exploratory mechanistic analyses of food intake patterns did not identify consistent results for participants with both anxiety and LOC eating. Among youth with LOC eating, anxiety may be associated with higher serum leptin. Prospective data are required to elucidate the directionality and mechanisms of these relationships.

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