scholarly journals Prevalence and distribution of soil-transmitted helminth infection in free-roaming dogs in Bali Province, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 446-451
Author(s):  
Kadek Karang Agustina ◽  
Made Suma Anthara ◽  
Nengah Anom Adi Nugraha Sibang ◽  
Wayan Adi Rinta Wiguna ◽  
Jendra Krisna Apramada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Helminth Infection ◽  
Multiple Infections ◽  
Fecal Examination ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
The Public ◽  
Soil Transmitted Helminths ◽  
Public Areas

Background and Aim: Several free-roaming dogs can be easily found in the public areas of Bali. They go out in search of foods and friends and defecate everywhere. In general, these groups of dogs do not receive good healthcare from their owners and are generally threatened by some disease-causing organisms, especially helminths. This study was conducted to identify and measure the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) that cause infection in free-roaming dogs in Bali Province, Indonesia. Materials and Methods: A total of 1611 fresh dog fecal samples were collected from all areas of Bali Province and subjected to qualitative fecal examination using flotation techniques to obtain STH eggs. Results: The incidence of STHs in free-roaming dogs was 38.36%. However, three types of STHs were identified, including Ancylostoma spp., Ascaris spp., and Trichuris spp. Ancylostoma spp. had the highest prevalence of 37.8%, followed by Ascaris spp. and Trichuris spp. at 6.02% and 0.87%, respectively. Multiple infections of these worms were also recorded. The polyparasitism prevalence of Ancylostoma spp. and Ascaris spp. was 3.85%, followed by that of Ancylostoma spp. and Trichuris spp. at 0.5% and that of Ascaris spp. and Trichuris spp. at 0.06%. There were no altitude-wise differences in the prevalence of STH infection. Conclusion: The prevalence of STHs was high in free-roaming dogs. This finding necessitates more serious attention as it affects both animal and public health.

scholarly journals Sheep May Not Be an Important Zoonotic Reservoir for Cryptosporidium and Giardia Parasites

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 4992-4997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Una M. Ryan ◽  
Caroline Bath ◽  
Ian Robertson ◽  
Carolyn Read ◽  
Aileen Elliot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Cryptosporidium Hominis ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Public Health Risk ◽  
The Public ◽  
Catchment Areas

ABSTRACT Little is known of the prevalence of Cryptosporidium and Giardia parasites in sheep and the genotypes that they harbor, although potentially sheep may contribute significantly to contamination of watersheds. In the present study, conducted in Western Australia, a total of 1,647 sheep fecal samples were screened for the presence of Cryptosporidium and Giardia spp. using microscopy, and a subset (n = 500) were screened by PCR and genotyped. Analysis revealed that although both parasites were detected in a high proportion of samples by PCR (44% and 26% for Giardia and Cryptosporidium spp., respectively), with the exception of one Cryptosporidium hominis isolate, the majority of isolates genotyped are not commonly found in humans. These results suggest that the public health risk of sheep-derived Cryptosporidium and Giardia spp. in catchment areas and effluent may be overestimated and warrant further investigation.

scholarly journals Prevalence and morphotype diversity of Trichuris species and other soil-transmitted helminths in captive non-human primates in northern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 16239-16244
Author(s):  
Kamani Joshua ◽  
James P. Yidawi ◽  
Aliyu Sada ◽  
Emmanuel G. Msheliza ◽  
Usman A. Turaki
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Vervet Monkey ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
Patas Monkey ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Health Implications ◽  
Soil Transmitted Helminths ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Mona Monkey

A study to determine the prevalence and morphotype diversity of soil-transmitted helminths in captive non-human primates (NHPs) in northern Nigeria was conducted.  Simple flotation and sedimentation methods were used to examine fecal samples. A Morphometric analysis was done on Trichuris spp. eggs to determine the diversity of whipworm circulating in NHPs in the study area.  High prevalence (60%) of infection was recorded in captive NHPs; Patas Monkey (n=17), Tantalus Monkey (n=9), Mona Monkey (n=7), Vervet Monkey (n=2), Mangabey Monkey (n=1), Baboon (n=14), and Chimpanzee (n=8) from parks and zoological gardens located in four Nigerian states (Borno, Gombe, Kano, and Plateau) and the Federal Capital Territory (FCT), Abuja. Captive NHPs examined were infected with helminths either as single, double or triple infections. Four zoonotic soil transmitted helminth (STH) genera, Trichuris, Strongyloides, Ancylostoma, and Enterobius were detected in the examined animals. Eggs of Trichuris spp. were the most prevalent with four morphotypes suggesting several morphotypes of whipworm were circulating among the NHPs in this region.  Further studies are required to elucidate the epidemiologic and public health implications of these findings.

scholarly journals Contamination of Sandpits with Soil-Transmitted Helminths Eggs in an Urban Environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-63
Author(s):  
J. Bystrianska ◽  
I. Papajová ◽  
J. Šoltys ◽  
N. Sasáková
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
The Public ◽  
Soil Transmitted Helminths ◽  
Helminth Eggs ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
The Family ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Toxascaris Leonina

Abstract The aim of this study was to monitor the occurrence of the propagative stages of intestinal endoparasites in dog excrements collected within the close proximity of sandpits in an urban environment (Košice, Slovakia) and to determine the level of sandpits contamination with soil-transmitted helminths (STHs). A total of 201 dog faecal samples were examined for the presence of helminth eggs with 10.95 % of the samples being positive. In faeces the most prevalent eggs were those of Toxocara canis (7.46 %). The contamination of sand with STH eggs in 84 sandpits was also investigated. Toxocara spp. eggs were found in 21.43 % of the sandpits. The eggs from the family Ancylostomatidae and Toxascaris leonina were also present. Taenia type eggs and Trichuris sp. eggs occurred less frequently. In some samples, not only monoinfection but also co-infection with eggs of 2‒3 helminth species were detected. In conclusion, the environmental contamination of sandpits with STHs eggs might pose a significant threat to the public health.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Hookworm infection and Strongyloidiasis in Cats and Potential Risk Factor of Human Diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 06002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blego Sedionoto ◽  
Witthaya Anamnart
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Helminth Infection ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Potential Risk Factor ◽  
Hookworm Infection ◽  
Fecal Samples

Hookworm infection and Stronyloidiasis are public health problem in the worldwide which both of them could infective in human by penetrated on skin and they have potential risk from Gastrointestinal zoonotic helminths of pets, including cats. We investigated the prevalence soil transmitted helminths infection in human and cats used modified Formal-Ether Concentration and agar plate culture. Fecal samples of 23 cats and human from Naitung and Subua Villages (area study 1), and fecal samples of 15 cats and 17 humans from Thasala Beach villages (area study 2) were collected. Result of study in area study 1 showed prevalence of infection in human was not hookworm and strongyloidiasis but 10% humans have infected Ascaris and Tricuris, and in cats have infected by hookworm 75.2% and S. strercoralis 8.5%, toxocara 13%, spirometra 13% and overall prevalence 82.5%. In area study 2 showed in human has infected by Trichuris 100% and S. stercoralis 29.4% and in cats have infected by hookworm 100% and S. strercoralis 40%, toxocora 20%, and spirometra 20%. Helminth infection found in both humans in two areas study are S. strercoralis. Hookworms were the most common helminth in cats but did not connection with infection in human, while S. strercoralis was helminth infection in cats which has potential zoonotic disease to human.

scholarly journals Toxocara canis in puppies and their public health importance in Grenada

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regan Schwartz ◽  
Satesh Bidaisee ◽  
Calum Macpherson
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Zoonotic Potential ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Veterinary Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
The Public ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
One Year

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of Toxocara canis in puppies under 1 year of age and to understand the human-puppy relationship and risk behavior and also to determine the knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding its zoonotic potential amongst puppy owners, veterinarians, physicians and 6th term veterinary students Methods: A cross-sectional prevalence study in puppies less than one year of age was conducted by collecting fecal samples from puppies during the period January through November 2017 from households in all 6 parishes throughout Grenada. These were tested for T. canis positivity. The owners of the puppies as well as veterinarians, physicians and veterinary students were surveyed using a questionnaire. Results: A total of 306 fecal samples were collected. 147 (48%) puppies were positive for T. canis; of these 142 puppies were < 7 months of age and 5 between 7-10 months. 35 owners never treated puppies, 97% never spayed or neutered their adult dogs, 68% allowed their puppies to roam free and only 9% cleaned up after their puppies. 16.7% of physicians spoke with patients about zoonotic disease potential, none have ever diagnosed toxocariasis in adults or children in Grenada, and 60% cited ‘no concern’ regarding the zoonotic potential of T. canis to their patients. 6.5% of veterinary students ranked a ‘significant concern’ regarding the zoonotic potential of T. canis, 3.3% were aware of four clinical toxocariasis syndromes in humans and 64.5% correctly identified the main route for human transmission. Conclusion: Puppies present a zoonotic threat to public health in Grenada. The zoonotic nature of T. canis is predominantly unknown to the public and there is a need for educating the general public regarding its public health importance.

scholarly journals Molecular Detection of Toxigenic Clostridioides difficile among Diarrheic Dogs and Cats: A Mounting Public Health Concern

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Ahmed Samir ◽  
Khaled A. Abdel-Moein ◽  
Hala M. Zaher
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Direct Pcr ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
The Public ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile ◽  
Health Significance ◽  
Toxigenic Strains

Nowadays, pet animals are known to be asymptomatic carriers of Clostridioidesdifficile. This study was conducted to investigate the burden of toxigenic C. difficile among diarrheic dogs and cats using direct PCR on fecal samples to reveal better insights about the epidemiology of such toxigenic strains referring to its public health significance. For this purpose, fecal samples were obtained from 58 dogs and 42 cats experiencing diarrhea. Following DNA extraction, the extracted DNA was examined for the occurrence of C. difficile as well as toxigenic strains through the detection of C. difficile 16S rRNA and toxin encoding genes (tcdA, tcdB, cdtA and cdtB) using PCR. Moreover, partial DNA sequencing of toxigenic strains retrieved from dog and cat was carried out. Of 100 examined diarrheic animals, 90 (90%) were C. difficile positive, including 93.1% and 85.7% of dogs and cats, respectively. In addition, toxigenic strains were detected in 13 animals, giving an overall prevalence 13% with the following prevalence rates among dogs and cats 12.1% and 14.3%, respectively. Furthermore, the phylogenetic analysis of the obtained sequence revealed high genetic relatedness of tcdA sequence obtained from a cat to strains of human diarrheic cases to point out the public health threat of such sequence. In conclusion, the direct detection of toxigenic C. difficile using PCR among dogs and cats highlights the potential role of household pets as a source for such strains to human contacts.

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