Surface Modification of Cellulose Nanofiber with Polyaniline using Aniline
Monolayer as Seed for Chemical Oxidation Polymerization of Aniline

A simple method is adopted to prepare conducting polyaniline thin film on cellulose filter paper by chemical oxidative polymerization. In order to improve the adhesion of polyaniline on cellulose nanofiber aniline terminal, silane monolayer was used as catalyst to initiate polymerization reaction. It was also showed that aniline dimer modified cellulose nanofiber shows an enhanced polyaniline growth and acting as seed for the polyaniline growth. The polyaniline modified cellulose fibre filter paper was then characterized with UV-visible spectroscopy, FT-IR, FE-SEM and electrochemical studies. Polyaniline modified filter paper strips can be used for naked eye sensing of ammonia and hydrazine in environmental samples

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SYNTHESIS AND ELECTRORHEOLOGY OF PHOSPHORIC ACID DOPED POLYANILINE SUSPENSIONS

International Journal of Modern Physics B ◽

10.1142/s0217979205029997 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 19 (07n09) ◽

pp. 1149-1155 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

C. H. HONG ◽

H. J. CHOI

Keyword(s):

Phosphoric Acid ◽

Electric Fields ◽

Chemical Structure ◽

Chemical Oxidation ◽

Chemical Oxidation Polymerization ◽

Ft Ir ◽

Fourier Transform Ir ◽

Doped Polyaniline ◽

Er Fluids ◽

High Voltage Generator

Semiconducting phosphoric acid doped polyaniline ( PANI-H 3 PO 4) particles were synthesized by chemical oxidation polymerization, and their chemical structure and particle size were examined via Fourier transform IR spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. Electrorheological (ER) fluids were prepared by dispersing the synthesized PANI-H 3 PO 4 particles in kerosine, and their steady shear rheological properties under applied electric fields were investigated using a rotational rheometer with a high-voltage generator. The PANI-H 3 PO 4 synthesized in this study possesses a typical ER behavior: large increase of shear stress with applied electric field strengths.

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Preparation and Properties of BC/PPy/TiO2 Composite Membrane

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.789.183 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 789 ◽

pp. 183-187

Author(s):

Yi Zheng ◽

Shi Yan Chen ◽

Lian Tang ◽

Wei Li Zheng ◽

Chuan Lu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Photocatalytic Activity ◽

Composite Membrane ◽

Composite Membranes ◽

Xrd Analysis ◽

Chemical Oxidation ◽

Reaction Model ◽

In Situ Chemical Oxidation ◽

Chemical Oxidation Polymerization ◽

Potential Applications ◽

Ft Ir

Bacterial cellulose (BC) /Polypyrrole (PPy) /TiO2 composite membrane was successfully prepared by in situ chemical oxidation polymerization of pyrrole in TiO2 sol into BC membrane matrix with different concentration of TiO2. The results of the field emission scanning electron microscopy observation revealed that the TiO2 nanoparticles coated with PPy were well homogeneously dispersed in the BC matrix. The photocatalytic activity of composite membrane was measured by methyl orange reaction model. Furthermore, the chemical structure of composite membrane and the anatase-TiO2 crystal structure were characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy and XRD analysis, respectively. According to this study, the photocatalytic activity of composite membranes was improved significantly by the addition of TiO2 due to the synergistic reaction between TiO2 and PPy. Besides that, the membrane exhibited the striking flexibility and mechanical properties. This study provided a green and facile method to prepare the BC /PPy /TiO2 composite membrane which would have potential applications in wastewater treatment.

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Preparation of PANI Modified ZnO Composites via Different Methods: Structural, Morphological and Photocatalytic Properties

Water ◽

10.3390/w13081025 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 1025

Author(s):

Nazli Turkten ◽

Yunus Karatas ◽

Miray Bekbolet

Keyword(s):

Raman Spectroscopy ◽

Chemical Oxidation ◽

Emeraldine Base ◽

Hybridization Method ◽

X Ray ◽

In Situ Chemical Oxidation ◽

Chemical Oxidation Polymerization ◽

Ft Ir ◽

Polymerization Method

Polyaniline modified zinc oxide (PANI-ZnO) photocatalyst composites were synthesized by focusing on dissolution disadvantage of ZnO. In-situ chemical oxidation polymerization method was performed under neutral conditions (PANI-ES) whereas in hybridization method physical blending was applied using emeraldine base of polyaniline (PANI-EB). PANI-ZnO composites were prepared in various ratios of aniline (ANI) to ZnO as 1%, 3%, 6% and 9%. The alterations on the structural and morphological properties of PANI-ZnO composites were compared by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), Raman Spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis Unit (SEM-EDAX) techniques. FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy confirmed the presence of PANI in all composites. SEM images revealed the morphological differences of PANI-ZnO composites based on PANI presence and preparation methods. Photocatalytic performances of PANI-ZnO specimens were investigated by following the degradation of methylene blue (MB) in aqueous medium under UVA irradiation. The effects of catalyst dose and initial dye concentration were also studied. MB degradation was followed by both decolorization extents and removal of aromatic fractions. PANI-ZnO composites expressed enhanced photocatalytic performance (~95% for both methods) as compared to sole ZnO (~87%). The hybridization method was found to be more efficient than the in-situ chemical oxidation polymerization method emphasizing the significance of the neutral medium.

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Spectroscopic Investigations of the Oxidative Polymerization of Hydroquinone in the Presence of Hexavalent Chromium

Journal of Spectroscopy ◽

10.1155/2016/7958351 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ching-Yun Cheng ◽

Ya-Ting Chan ◽

Yu-Min Tzou ◽

Kai-Yue Chen ◽

Yu-Ting Liu

Keyword(s):

Reaction Time ◽

Linear Combination ◽

Oxidative Polymerization ◽

Polymerization Reaction ◽

Organic Complex ◽

Edge Structure ◽

X Ray ◽

Naturally Occurring ◽

Ft Ir ◽

X Ray Absorption

Polyphenol polymerization receives much scientific attentions because it is an important reaction of humification processes. Through an oxidative polymerization reaction (OPR), hydroquinone (H2Q), a naturally occurring compound, has been found to be a vital precursor of humic substances in soils. Chromate (Cr(VI)), a strong oxidant, is widely distributed in the environment due to the inappropriate disposal of Cr-containing wastes. The OPR of H2Q in the presence of Cr(VI) may occur naturally. In the study, it was found that 400 mg L−1H2Q could be polymerized at pH 3.0 with 105 mg L−1Cr(VI). The results of FT-IR revealed the presence of both hydroquinone and benzoquinone nuclei in the polymer. The spectra of X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) demonstrated a decrease in Cr(VI) content during the OPR of H2Q. Based on the results of linear combination fitting (LCF) for the spectra of XANES, the proportions of Cr species in the precipitates mainly consisted of Cr(OH)3, and Cr-carboxylate contents increased gradually from 15.3 to 25.5% over the reaction time. After acidizing the supernatants at pH 1.0 for 1 d, Cr(III)-HA dominated Cr(III) species. This suggested that humic-like substances were formed during OPR of H2Q, possibly through the formation of Cr(III)-organic complex.

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Optical and Structural Properties of Prepared Polyaniline – Graphene (PANI/GN) Nanocomposite

Iraqi Journal of Science ◽

10.24996/ijs.2021.62.1.13 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 138-146

Author(s):

Najlaa J. Abdullah ◽

Abbas F. Essa ◽

Salma M. Hasan

Keyword(s):

Active Sites ◽

Energy Gap ◽

Chemical Oxidation ◽

Polymerization Process ◽

Polymerization Reaction ◽

Wave Numbers ◽

Ft Ir ◽

Nano Graphene ◽

Poly Aniline ◽

Pani Sample

Polyaniline (PANI) polymer was successfully prepared by the chemical oxidation method at 0 oC. Polyaniline-nano grapheme (GN) powder nanocomposites were prepared by the addition of GN with different weight ratios (0.1, 1, 5, and 10 g wt. %) during the polymerization of PANI. It was found that the polymerization reaction of poly-aniline was exothermic. The effect of adding nano-graphene powder during polymerization process on the time and temperature of the reaction was studied. The resulting polymer was diagnosed using several methods, including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and UV-VIS spectrophotometry. The results of FTIR demonstrated a shift to higher wave numbers in the peaks of nanocomposites, due to PANI peaks, in addition to the matching between the groups of active sites of the polymer with its chemical composition. The results of the optical properties showed a decrease in the energy gap of the nanocomposite compared with that of the pure PANI sample. The morphology of the samples was studied using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The increase in the concentration of GN led to a change in the surface morphology of the composites. The results predict that the PANI/GN nano-composites can be used in many applications, such as those of sensors.

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Fibrous Cerium (IV) Hydrogen Phosphate Membrane Self-Supported Benzimidazole Polymerization Agent

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.856.3 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 856 ◽

pp. 3-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S.K. Shakshooki ◽

F.A. El-Akari ◽

S.M. El-Fituri ◽

S.S. El-Fituri

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Oxidative Polymerization ◽

Chemical Oxidation ◽

Cerium Phosphate ◽

In Situ Chemical Oxidation ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Ft Ir ◽

Inorganic Matrix ◽

Resultant Material

Nanosized fibrous cerium phosphates, Ce (HPO4)2.2.9H2O (nCePf), wa prepared. was characterized by chemical , XRD, TGA analysis, Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Novel supported polybenzimidazole/ fibrous cerium phosphate nanocomposite membrane was prepared via in-situ chemical oxidation of the monomer that was promoted by the reduction of Ce (iv) ions present in the inorganic matrix. The presence of Ce (iv) ions allows redox reactions necessary to oxidative polymerization to occur. The resultant material was characterized by XRD, TGA, elemental (C,H,N) analysis and by FT-IR spectroscopy. Image SEM of the resulting nanocomposite reveals a uniform distribution of the polymer on the inorganic matrix }. Amount of polymer present in the composites found to be 11%.

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Influences of dispersion media for chemically modified cellulose nanofibers on rheological and mechanical properties of cellulose nanofiber reinforced high-density polyethylene

Cellulose ◽

10.1007/s10570-021-03824-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Akihiro Sato ◽

Tomoaki Yoshimura ◽

Daisuke Kabusaki ◽

Hiroaki Okumura ◽

Yoko Homma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

High Density Polyethylene ◽

Cellulose Nanofibers ◽

High Density ◽

Cellulose Nanofiber ◽

Chemically Modified ◽

Dispersion Media ◽

Modified Cellulose

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Liquid crystalline polyureas with oligo(ethylene glycol) sequences

e-Polymers ◽

10.1515/epoly.2010.10.1.1425 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Shahram Mehdipour-Ataei ◽

Leila Akbarian-Feizi

Keyword(s):

Liquid Crystalline ◽

Spectroscopic Method ◽

Polymerization Reaction ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Subsequent Reaction ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Polar Solvents ◽

X Ray ◽

H Nmr ◽

Ft Ir

AbstractA diamine monomer containing ester, amide and ether functional groups was prepared and its polymerization reaction with different diisocyanates to give main chain poly(ester amide ether urea)s was investigated. The monomer was synthesized via reaction of terephthaloyl chloride with 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and subsequent reaction of the resulted diacid with 1,8-diamino-3,6-dioxaoctane. The polymers were characterized by FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopic method and elemental analysis. The resulting polymers exhibited excellent solubility in polar solvents. Crystallinity of the resulted polymers was evaluated by wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WXRD) method, and they exhibited semi-crystalline patterns. The glass transition temperatures (Tg) of the polymers determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) were in the range of 88-112 °C. The temperatures for 10% weight loss (T10) from their thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) curves were found to be in the range of 297-312 °C in air. Also the prepared polyureas showed liquid crystalline character.

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Microbiological degradation of bile acids. The preparation of hexahydroindane derivatives as substrates for studying cholic acid degradation

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bj1640709 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 164 (3) ◽

pp. 709-714 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

S Hayakawa ◽

T Takata ◽

T Fujiwara ◽

S Hashimoto

Keyword(s):

Carboxylic Acid ◽

Cholic Acid ◽

Propionic Acid ◽

Good Yield ◽

Degradation Products ◽

Chemical Oxidation ◽

Compound Iiib ◽

Partial Synthesis ◽

Arthrobacter Simplex ◽

Simple Method

Relatively large amounts of 3-(3aalpha-hexahydro-7abeta-methyl-1,5-dioxoindan-4alpha-yl)propionic acid (IIb), which is believed to be one of the intermediates involved in the degradation of cholic acid (I), were needed to identify is further degradation products. A simple method for the preparation of this compound was then investigated. Arthrobacter simplex could degrade-3-oxoandrost-4-ene-17beta-carboxylic acid (IIIa) to 3-(1beta-carboxy-3aalpha-hexahydro-7abeta-methyl-5-oxoindan-4alpha-yl)propionic acid (IVa) in good yield, the structure of which was established by partial synthesis. It was therefore expected that, if a similar degradation by this organism occurred with 17alpha-hydroxy-3-oxoandrost-4-ene-17beta-carboxylic acid (IIIb), which is easily obtained by chemical oxidation of commercially availabe 17alpha-hydroxydeoxycorticosterone, the resulting product, 3-(1beta-carboxy-3aalpha-hexahydro-1alpha-hydroxy-7abeta-methyl-5-oxoindan-4alpha-yl)propionic acid (IVb), could be readily converted chemically into the required dioxocarboxylic acid, (IIb). Exposure of compound (IIIb) to A. simplex produced, as expected, compound (IVb) which was then oxidized with NaBiO3 to give a reasonable yield of compound (IIb).

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