scholarly journals Waist circumference, body mass index, and skinfold thickness as potential risk factors for high blood pressure in adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
Roslina Dewi ◽  
Rafita Ramayati ◽  
Nelly Rosdiana ◽  
Oke Rina Ramayani ◽  
Rosmayanti Siregar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Predictive Factor ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

Background The prevalence of hypertension in children and adolescents has increased with the rising obesity epidemic. Recent studies have found that prevalence of hypertension was higher in obese children or adolescents than in the normal weight ones. Anthropometric measurements such as body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and skinfold thickness have been used as criteria to determine obesity in children and adolescents. Increased waist circumference has been most closely related to increased blood pressure. Objective To compare waist circumference, BMI, and skinfold thickness as potential risk factors for hypertension in adolescents. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in May 2014 in three senior high schools in Medan, North Sumatera, and included 253 students with normal urinalysis test. All subjects underwent blood pressure, waist circumference, tricep- and subscapular-skinfold thickness (TST and SST), body weight, and body height measurements. The study population was categorized into underweight, normoweight, overweight, and obese, according to four different criteria: waist circumference, BMI, TST, and SST; all variables were analyzed for possible correlations with systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Results There were significant positive correlations between systolic blood pressure and waist circumference (OR 7.933; 95%CI 2.20 to 28.65; P=0.011) as well as BMI (OR 4.137; 95%CI 1.16 to 14.75; P=0.041). There were also significant correlations between diastolic blood pressure and waist circumference (OR 3.17; 95%CI 1.83 to 5.51; P=0.002), BMI (P=0.0001; OR=3.69), TST (OR 4.73; 95%CI 2.31 to 9.69; P=0.0001), and SST (OR 3.74; 95%CI 2.35 to 5.94; P=0.0001). Multivariate analysis showed that waist circumference was a predictive factor for systolic blood pressure (OR 9.667), but not for diastolic blood pressure. Conclusion Waist circumference is the strongest, significant, predictive factor for elevated systolic blood pressure; meanwhile BMI, SST, and TST could be predictive factors for elevated diastolic blood pressure. 

scholarly journals Relation Between Preclinical Atherosclerosis and Venous Thromboembolism in Patients With Thrombophilias – Longitudinal Study

2014 ◽  
pp. S403-S409 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. AUZKÝ ◽  
R. DEMBOVSKÁ ◽  
J. MRÁZKOVÁ ◽  
Š. NOVÁKOVÁ ◽  
L. PAGÁČOVÁ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
History Of ◽  
Preclinical Atherosclerosis

Preclinical atherosclerosis may represent a risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE). In longitudinal study we followed longitudinally 96 patients (32 men) with thrombophilias with (n=51) and without (n=45) history of VTE. In both groups we studied the changes of preclinical atherosclerosis at peripherally located arteries detected by ultrasound. In addition, we assessed changes in selected risk factors of atherosclerosis. During the mean follow-up of 56.0±7.62 months we did not find significant change in preclinical atherosclerosis defined as Belcaro score in either group (–3 % in the VTE group vs 0 % in non VTE group). Significant increase in body mass index (1.03±1.98 kg*m-2, resp. 1.21±1.67 kg*m-2, p<0.01) and non-significant increase in systolic blood pressure were detected in both groups. Waist circumference increased significantly only in patients without VTE (4.11±7.84 cm, p<0.05). No differences in changes of risk factors under study between both groups were detected. In summary, patients with thrombophilia and history of VTE showed no evidence of greater progression of atherosclerosis or increase in traditional risk factors of atherosclerosis than patients with thrombophilia without history of VTE. Unfavorable changes of body mass index, waist circumference and systolic blood pressure were detected in both groups during study period.

Differences in Blood Pressure Level and Hypertension in Three Ethnic Groups of Northeastern India

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.C. Hazarika ◽  
D. Biswas ◽  
K. Narain ◽  
R.K. Phukan ◽  
H.C. Kalita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Blood Pressure Level ◽  
Tea Garden

A cross sectional study on hypertension was done on 294 subjects aged 30 years and above. 150 households were selected randomly representing 50 households from each locality inhabited exclusively by the rural Mizos, indigenous rural Assamese and the tea-garden workers respectively, in the northeastern region of India. Blood pressure was measured by sphygmo-manorneter in sitting posture. Anthro-pometric measurements were taken using standard procedure for measuring height, weight, waist and hip girth. Information on age, sex, ethnicity, literacy, alcohol intake, smoking pattern, physical activity, occupation, amount of salt consumption was collected using a standard and pre-tested questionnaire. Significant differences were observed in both the systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels among the three different ethnic groups selected for this study ( p<0.0001). Multiple regression analyses indicated that in Mizos, age, waist circumference and alcohol intake were independently associated with increase in systolic blood pressure whereas smoking was found to be negatively associated with systolic blood pressure ( R2=0.391, p<0.001). Factors, which were the best predictors of diastolic blood pressure, were age and body mass index [(kg/m2) ( R2=0.227, p<0.001)]. In the rural Assamese population, the best predictors of systolic blood pressure were age and waist circumference ( R2=0.263, p=0.018). For the diastolic blood pressure, age, alcohol intake and body mass index were important correlates ( R2 = 0.131, p<0.001). In the tea garden community, important predictors of systolic blood pressure were age, gender and marital status ( R2=0.187, p<0.001). On the other hand, age and alcohol intake were best predictors for diastolic blood pressure ( R2=0.09, p<0.001). Asia Pac J Public Health 2000,-12(2): 71-78

scholarly journals Variability in Daily Eating Patterns and Eating Jetlag Are Associated With Worsened Cardiometabolic Risk Profiles in the American Heart Association Go Red for Women Strategically Focused Research Network

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nour Makarem ◽  
Dorothy D. Sears ◽  
Marie‐Pierre St‐Onge ◽  
Faris M. Zuraikat ◽  
Linda C. Gallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Circadian Disruption ◽  
Eating Patterns ◽  
Fasting Duration

Background Sleep variability and social jetlag are associated with adverse cardiometabolic outcomes via circadian disruption. Variable eating patterns also lead to circadian disruption, but associations with cardiometabolic health are unknown. Methods and Results Women (n=115, mean age: 33±12 years) completed a 1‐week food record using the Automated Self‐Administered 24‐Hour Dietary Assessment Tool at baseline and 1 year. Timing of first and last eating occasions, nightly fasting duration, and %kcal consumed after 5 pm (%kcal 5 pm ) and 8 pm (%kcal 8 pm ) were estimated. Day‐to‐day eating variability was assessed from the SD of these variables. Eating jetlag was defined as weekday‐weekend differences in these metrics. Multivariable‐adjusted linear models examined cross‐sectional and longitudinal associations of day‐to‐day variability and eating jetlag metrics with cardiometabolic risk. Greater jetlag in eating start time, nightly fasting duration, and %kcal 8 pm related to higher body mass index and waist circumference at baseline ( P <0.05). In longitudinal analyses, a 10% increase in %kcal 8 pm SD predicted increased body mass index (β, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.23–0.81) and waist circumference (β, 1.73; 95% CI, 0.58–2.87); greater %kcal 8 pm weekday‐weekend differences predicted higher body mass index (β, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.07–0.43). Every 30‐minute increase in nightly fasting duration SD predicted increased diastolic blood pressure (β, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.40–1.50); an equivalent increase in nightly fasting duration weekday‐weekend differences predicted higher systolic blood pressure (β, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.11–1.05) and diastolic blood pressure (β, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.10–0.80). Per 10% increase in %kcal 5 pm SD, there were 2.98 mm Hg (95% CI, 0.04–5.92) and 2.37mm Hg (95% CI, 0.19–4.55) increases in systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure; greater %kcal 5 pm weekday‐weekend differences predicted increased systolic blood pressure (β, 1.83; 95% CI, 0.30–3.36). For hemoglobin A1c, every 30‐minute increase in eating start and end time SD and 10% increase in %kcal 5 pm SD predicted 0.09% (95% CI, 0.03–0.15), 0.06% (95% CI, 0.001–0.12), and 0.23% (95% CI, 0.07–0.39) increases, respectively. Conclusions Variable eating patterns predicted increased blood pressure and adiposity and worse glycemic control. Findings warrant confirmation in population‐based cohorts and intervention studies.

scholarly journals Prevalence of obesity and cardiovascular risk among children and adolescents in the municipality of Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul

2013 ◽  
Vol 131 (5) ◽  
pp. 323-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cezane Priscila Reuter ◽  
Leandro Tibirica Burgos ◽  
Marcelo Dias Camargo ◽  
Lia Goncalves Possuelo ◽  
Miriam Beatris Reckziegel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Prevalence

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Studies have demonstrated that metabolic complications from child obesity, although silent, increase the risk of development of cardiovascular diseases in adulthood. The present paper sought to describe the prevalence of overweight/obesity and analyze the possible relationship between obesity and other cardiovascular risk factors among children and adolescents. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study, conducted in a university. METHODS: The study included 564 children and adolescents, aged 8 to 17 years. Body mass index and waist circumference were used to evaluate obesity. Other cardiovascular risk factors were evaluated, like systolic and diastolic blood pressure, glycemia, triglycerides and total cholesterol. Descriptive analysis was used for sample characterization, the chi-square test for categorical variables and Pearson's linear correlation for evaluating the relationship between obesity indicators and other cardiovascular risk factors. RESULTS: High prevalence of overweight/obesity was found among the schoolchildren (25.3% among the boys and 25.6% among the girls), along with abdominal obesity (19.0%). The overweight/obese schoolchildren presented higher percentages for the pressure and biochemical indicators, compared with underweight and normal-weight schoolchildren. Body mass index and waist circumference showed a weak correlation with the variables of age and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (P < 0.001), but there was no correlation between these obesity indices and biochemical variables. CONCLUSION: The high prevalence of overweight/obesity and its relationship with other cardiovascular risk factors demonstrate that it is necessary to develop intervention and prevention strategies from childhood onwards, in order to avoid development of chronic-degenerative diseases in adulthood.

scholarly journals Study on the Independent Effect of Thyroid Hormone Based on Uric Acid Level on NAFLD

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
guanqun chao ◽  
Liying Chen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

Abstract Objective:This study aims to further explain the correlation among NAFLD, hyperuricemia and thyroid function and to find independent risk factors for each other.Methods:Datas were obtained from subjects who underwent health examination in the Health promotion centre of Sir Run Run Shaw hospital of Zhejiang University from January 2017 to February 2019.The diagnosis of NAFLD was according to the clinical diagnosis of the Guidelines.Serum uric acid (SUA) >360 mol/L (female) and SUA>420 mol/L (male) were enrolled in the hyperuricemia group.R software was used for statistical analysis.Results:55,449 subjects were included in the analysis.Gender ratio, age, BMI, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein, glutamate transaminase, glutamate transaminase, urea nitrogen, creatinine, FT3, FT4 and TSH were significantly different between the two groups.age, BMI, waist circumference, diastolic blood pressure, rapid blood glucose, HbA1c, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, AST, and uric acid were all independent risk factors for NAFLD.In the normal uric acid group, variables other than systolic blood pressure and TSH were independent factors of NAFLD.In the hyperuricemia group, all variables except systolic blood pressure, FT4 and TSH were independent factors of NAFLD.Conclusion:The level of uric acid is related to the occurrence of NAFLD. Hyperuricemia is one of the independent risk factors of NAFLD.TSH level is not related to the occurrence of NAFLD, while FT3 and FT4 may be related to NAFLD.

scholarly journals The Factors Affecting the Occurrence of Renal Involvement in Children with IgA Vasculitis

2020 ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Şafak Demirtaş ◽  
İsmail DURSUN ◽  
Ayşe Seda Pınarbaşı ◽  
Nihal Şahin ◽  
Sümeyra Özdemir Çiçek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Renal Involvement ◽  
Pulmonary Involvement ◽  
Organ Involvement ◽  
Joint Involvement ◽  
Iga Vasculitis ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

Introduction: Henoch-Schönlein purpura or IgA vasculitis that involves small vessels is the most common vasculitis in childhood and the long term prognosis is contingent on the severity of renal involvement. Objectives: In this study, we aimed to determine the frequency of organ involvements and to identify potential risk factors for renal involvement in children with IgA vasculitis. Materials and Methods: This study included 416 patients with IgA vasculitis who had been followed in our department between 1990 and 2016. The patients were retrospectively reviewed in terms of type of treatment, organ involvement and clinical outcome, and potential risk factors for renal involvement were determined. Results: Overall, 416 patients with IgA vasculitis were identified, including 174 girls (41.7%) and 242 boys (58.3%). The mean age at presentation was 8.3±3.1 years. The distribution of organ involvement was: skin involvement, 100%; joint involvement, 77.1%; gastrointestinal system (GIS) involvement, 58.6%; renal involvement, 38.3%; scalp edema, 10.1%; scrotal involvement, 5.3% (9.0% in boys), central nervous system (CNS) involvement, 1.6% and pulmonary involvement, 0.25%. When risk factors for renal involvement were assessed, it was found that GIS involvement was more frequently seen in patients with nephritis (p=0.01). Age, diastolic blood pressure and GIS involvement at the onset were found to be correlated with renal involvement. GIS involvement and diastolic blood pressure were found as risk factors for renal involvement. Conclusion: Age, elevation in diastolic blood pressure and GIS involvement were important findings in prediction of nephritis. In particular, patients with GIS involvement should be cautiously monitored for renal involvement.

Association between maternal prepregnancy body mass index with offspring cardiometabolic risk factors: analysis of three Brazilian birth cohorts

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mariane da Silva Dias ◽  
Alicia Matijasevich ◽  
Ana Maria B. Menezes ◽  
Fernando C. Barros ◽  
Fernando C. Wehrmeister ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Prepregnancy Bmi ◽  
Prepregnancy Body Mass Index

Abstract Evidence suggests that maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) is associated with offspring cardiometabolic risk factors. This study was aimed at assessing the association of maternal prepregnancy BMI with offspring cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescence and adulthood. We also evaluated whether offspring BMI was a mediator in this association. The study included mother–offspring pairs from three Pelotas birth cohorts. Offspring cardiometabolic risk factors were collected in the last follow-up of each cohort [mean age (in years) 30.2, 22.6, 10.9]. Blood pressure was measured using an automatic device, cholesterol by using an enzymatic colorimetric method, and glucose from fingertip blood, using a portable glucose meter. In a pooled analysis of the cohorts, multiple linear regression was used to control for confounding. Mediation analysis was conducted using G-computation formula. In the adjusted model, mean systolic blood pressure of offspring from overweight and obese mothers was on average 1.25 (95% CI: 0.45; 2.05) and 2.13 (95% CI: 0.66; 3.59) mmHg higher than that of offspring from normal-weight mothers; for diastolic blood pressure, the means were 0.80 (95% CI: 0.26; 1.34) and 2.60 (95% CI: 1.62; 3.59) mmHg higher, respectively. Non-HDL cholesterol was positively associated with maternal BMI, whereas blood glucose was not associated. Mediation analyses showed that offspring BMI explained completely the association of maternal prepregnancy BMI with offspring systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and non-HDL cholesterol. Our findings suggest that maternal prepregnancy BMI is positively associated with offspring blood pressure, and blood lipids, and this association is explained by offspring BMI.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF CONCURRENT TRAINING ON MORPHOFUNCTIONAL PARAMETERS AND BLOOD PRESSURE IN HYPERTENSIVE WOMEN

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Renata Emilia Marques Aguiar ◽  
Cauê Vazquez La Scala Teixeira ◽  
Heverton Paulino ◽  
José Rodrigo Pauli ◽  
Alessandra Medeiros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Concurrent Training ◽  
Functional Fitness

Aerobic and resistance exercise have been prescript to prevention and non pharmacological treatment of hypertension. However, there is a lack of studies investigating the effects of concurrent training in hypertensive women. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of concurrent training program on rest blood pressure, biochemical variables (blood glucose and total cholesterol) , anthropometric (body mass index and waist circumference) and functional fitness in hypertensive women. Eighteen hypertensive postmenopausal and untrained women (59±12 years old) started in the intervention, but only ten subjects finished. The voluntaries were enrolled in concurrent training, 60 min/day, 3 times a week, during 6 months. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, blood glucose, total cholesterol, body mass index, waist circumference and functional fitness (AAPHERD) were measured pre and post experimental period. Data were analyzed using the Student’s t test with significance level set at 5% (P?0.05) and Cohen's Effect Size (ES). The results showed significant improvement in systolic and diastolic blood pressure at rest. The other variables did not show significantly changes, but the ES was medium and large for several variables (body mass index, blood glucose, total cholesterol, agility, coordination, aerobic fitness, strength endurance and general functional fitness index). In conclusion, this study confirms that 6 month of concurrent training program improved systolic and diastolic blood pressure in hypertensive women. In addition, the protocol suggests an improvement in anthropometric, biochemical and functional variables related to health.

The Rate of Increase in Blood Pressure in Children 5 Years of Age Is Related to Changes in Aerobic Fitness and Body Mass Index

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-470
Author(s):  
Steven Shea ◽  
Charles E. Basch ◽  
Bernard Gutin ◽  
Aryeh D. Stein ◽  
Isobel R. Contento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Multiple Regression Model ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Rate Of Increase

Objective. To determine whether changes in aerobic fitness and body mass index are related to the age-related rise in blood pressure in healthy preschool children. Study design. Longitudinal analyses of 196 free-living children aged 5 years at baseline who were followed over a mean of 19:7 months. Aerobic fitness was assessed using a treadmill All measures were obtained on multiple occasions at scheduled visits as part of a longitudinal cohort study. Setting. An inner-city medical center. Outcome measures. Blood pressure was measured using an automated Dinamap device. Results. Mean systolic blood pressure was 95.3 mmHg (SD 8.38) at baseline and increased by 4.46 mmHg per year. Mean diastolic blood pressure was 53.9 mmHg (SD 5.81) at baseline and did not change significantly. Children in the highest quintile of increase in fitness had a significantly smaller increase in systolic blood pressure compared to children in the lowest quintile (2.92 vs 5.10 mmHg/year; P = .03). Children in the lowest quintile of increase in body mass index did not differ significantly in rate of increase in systolic blood pressure compared to children in the highest quintile (3.92 vs 4.96 mmHg/year). In a multiple regression model including baseline systolic blood pressure, fitness, height, body mass index, and other covariates, greater increase in fitness (P = .03) and lesser increase in body mass index (P &lt; .01) were associated with lower rates of increase in systolic blood pressure. In a similar multivariate analysis, an increase in fitness was also associated with a lower rate of increase in diastolic blood pressure (P = .02) Conclusion. Young children who increase their aerobic fitness or decrease their body mass index reduce the rate of the age-related increase in blood pressure. These observations may have implications for development of interventions directed at the primary prevention of hypertension.

scholarly journals Consistency between Self-Reported and Recorded Values for Clinical Measures

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Thomas III ◽  
Mindy Paulet ◽  
Jigar R. Rajpura
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Recorded Data ◽  
Pearson Correlation Analysis ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
Clinical Measures

Objectives. This study evaluated consistency between self-reported values for clinical measures and recorded clinical measures.Methods. Self-reported values were collected for the clinical measures: systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, glucose level, height, weight, and cholesterol from health risk assessments completed by enrollees in a privately insured cohort. Body mass index (BMI) was computed from reported height and weight. Practitioner recorded values for the clinical measures were obtained from health screenings. We used bivariate Pearson correlation analysis and descriptive statistics to evaluate consistency between self-reported data and recorded clinic measurements.Results. There was high correlation between self-reported clinical values and recorded clinical measures for diastolic blood pressure (r=0.91,P=<0.0001), systolic blood pressure (r=0.93,P=<0.0001), cholesterol (r=0.97,P=<0.0001), body mass index (r=0.96,P=<0.0001), glucose (r=0.96,P=<0.0001), weight (r=0.98,P=<0.0001), and height (r=0.89,P=<0.0001).Conclusions. Self-reported clinical values for each of the eight clinical measures examined had good consistency with practitioner recorded data.

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