scholarly journals LIPID COMPLEX FROM THE BROWN SEAWEED SARGASSUM PALLIDUM (TURNER) C. AGARDH AS A HYPOLIPIDEMIC AND ANTIOXIDANT AGENT FOR A HIGH FAT DIET IN EXPERIMENT

2021 ◽  
pp. 381-392
Author(s):  
Svetlana Evgen'yevna Fomenko ◽  
Natal'ya Fedorovna Kushnerova ◽  
Vladimir Gennad'yevich Sprygin ◽  
Elena Sergeyevna Drugova ◽  
Valeriy Yur'yevich Merzluakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Brown Seaweed ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Lipid Complex ◽  
Sargassum Pallidum

The object of the present  study was a lipid complex isolated from the thallus of the brown seaweed Sargassum pallidum (Turner) C. Agardh (Sargassum pallidum). The lipid complex of S. pallidum included glycolipids in an amount of 35.1%, neutral lipids – 26.4%, phospholipids – 8.4%, as well as photosynthetic pigments – 30.1% of the total lipids. The content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) was 63.5% of the total fatty acids, of which PUFAs of the n-6 family prevailed (46.5%), the amount of PUFAs of the n-3 family was 17%. Under conditions of fat load, the effect of the lipid complex of S. pallidum and the reference drug Omega-3 on the parameters of lipid metabolism and antioxidant protection in the blood plasma and liver of rats was studied. The fat load was carried out by feeding the animals for 30 days with a standard vivary diet with the addition of 2% cholesterol and 20% beef tallow of the total formulation. The addition of the S. pallidum lipid complex (1 g/kg of body weight) to the fat diet had a hypolipidemic effect, which manifested in the restoration of weight characteristics (body and specific liver’s weight), parameters of liver lipid metabolism (cholesterol, triacylglycerols, free fatty acids), esterifying function of the liver, as well as the content of lipoproteins in the blood plasma. The combined action of n-3 and n-6 PUFAs in the lipid complex of S. pallidum promoted the induction of enzymes of the glutathione circle, providing the antioxidant defense system of the organism. The lipid complex of the brown seaweed S. pallidum was not inferior to the reference preparation Omega-3 in restoration of lipid metabolism and antioxidant defense system of animals on a high-fat diet, and even surpassed that in some parameters.

scholarly journals Effects of a high-fat-diet supplemented with probiotics and ω3-fatty acids on appetite regulatory neuropeptides and neurotransmitters in a pig model

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-359
Author(s):  
D. Valent ◽  
L. Arroyo ◽  
E. Fàbrega ◽  
M. Font-i-Furnols ◽  
M. Rodríguez-Palmero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Brain Functions

The pig is a valuable animal model to study obesity in humans due to the physiological similarity between humans and pigs in terms of digestive and associated metabolic processes. The dietary use of vegetal protein, probiotics and omega-3 fatty acids is recommended to control weight gain and to fight obesity-associated metabolic disorders. Likewise, there are recent reports on their beneficial effects on brain functions. The hypothalamus is the central part of the brain that regulates food intake by means of the production of food intake-regulatory hypothalamic neuropeptides, as neuropeptide Y (NPY), orexin A and pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), and neurotransmitters, such as dopamine and serotonin. Other mesolimbic areas, such as the hippocampus, are also involved in the control of food intake. In this study, the effect of a high fat diet (HFD) alone or supplemented with these additives on brain neuropeptides and neurotransmitters was assessed in forty-three young pigs fed for 10 weeks with a control diet (T1), a high fat diet (HFD, T2), and HFD with vegetal protein supplemented with Bifidobacterium breve CECT8242 alone (T3) or in combination with omega-3 fatty acids (T4). A HFD provoked changes in regulatory neuropeptides and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) in the hypothalamus and alterations mostly in the dopaminergic system in the ventral hippocampus. Supplementation of the HFD with B. breve CECT8242, especially in combination with omega-3 fatty acids, was able to partially reverse the effects of HFD. Correlations between productive and neurochemical parameters supported these findings. These results confirm that pigs are an appropriate animal model alternative to rodents for the study of the effects of HFD on weight gain and obesity. Furthermore, they indicate the potential benefits of probiotics and omega-3 fatty acids on brain function.

scholarly journals Postnatal Dietary Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation Rescues Glucocorticoid-Programmed Adiposity, Hypertension, and Hyperlipidemia in Male Rat Offspring Raised on a High-Fat Diet

Endocrinology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 154 (9) ◽  
pp. 3110-3117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Intan S. Zulkafli ◽  
Brendan J. Waddell ◽  
Peter J. Mark
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Delayed Puberty ◽  
Adult Offspring ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
High Fat

Fetal glucocorticoid excess programs several adverse outcomes in adult offspring, many of which can be prevented by postnatal, dietary omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids. Here we tested 2 separate hypotheses: 1) a postnatal high-fat diet exacerbates the glucocorticoid-programmed phenotype; and 2) postnatal, dietary n-3 fatty acids rescue programmed outcomes, even in the presence of a high-fat diet challenge. Pregnant Wistar rat dams were either untreated or administered dexamethasone acetate (Dex; 0.5 μg/mL drinking water) from day 13 of pregnancy. Offspring were cross-fostered to untreated mothers and males were weaned onto a standard (Std), high-fat, low n-3 (HF), or high-fat, high n-3 (HFHn-3) diet. Prenatal Dex reduced birth weight (26%) and delayed puberty onset by 1.2 days, irrespective of postnatal diet. Prenatal Dex programmed increased blood pressure in adult offspring, an effect worsened by the postnatal HF diet. Supplementation with high n-3 fatty acids, however, prevented both the Dex and HF-induced increases in blood pressure. Prenatal Dex also programmed increased adiposity, plasma cholesterol, and plasma triglyceride levels at 6 months of age, particularly in those offspring raised on the HF diet. But again, each of these adverse outcomes was rescued by supplementation of the HF diet with n-3 fatty acids. In conclusion, the capacity of n-3 fatty acids to overcome adverse programming outcomes remains evident, even in the presence of a HF diet challenge.

scholarly journals Omega 3 Fatty Acids Promote Macrophage Reverse Cholesterol Transport in Hamster Fed High Fat Diet

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. e61109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Kasbi Chadli ◽  
Hassane Nazih ◽  
Michel Krempf ◽  
Patrick Nguyen ◽  
Khadija Ouguerram
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Reverse Cholesterol Transport ◽  
Cholesterol Transport ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
High Fat

scholarly journals Effects of Omega - 3 Fatty Acids on Kidney Antioxidant Defense System: An Experimental Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-74
Author(s):  
Burak Gulcen ◽  
Omur Karaca ◽  
Murat Abdulgani Kus ◽  
Dilara Kaman ◽  
Murat Ogeturk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Defense System

scholarly journals Composition of a maternal high fat diet rich in satured fats and omega 3 in gestation and lactation for studies with rodents

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Mata de Lima SILVA ◽  
Aline Maria Nunes de Lira Gomes BLOISE ◽  
Danilo Augusto Ferreira FONTES ◽  
Katarynna Santos de ARAÚJO ◽  
Mariana Oliveira BARBOSA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
High Fat

ABSTRACT Objective To prepare a high fat diet rich in satured fatty acids and supplemented with omega 3 for experimental studies in rodents. Methods Purified industrial ingredients and flaxseed oil as a source of omega 3 at a concentration of 3.5% (v/w) were used in the elaboration of the diets. Centesimal and nutritional compositions, fatty acids profile and dietary intake were evaluated. Serum levels of total protein, albumin, cholesterol and glucose in pregnant rats were verified. The offspring were assessed with regard to body mass and waist circumference. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Anova One-Way test and Bonferroni post-test. Results High fat and high fat with omega 3 diets presented, respectively, 37% and 36% saturated fat, and the lipid amount was 80% higher than the American Institute of Nutrition 93G control diet. The omega 3 content was 50% higher in the high fat with omega 3 diet. There was no difference in consumption of diet types in weight (grams). The dams that received the High fat diet developed hypercholesterolemia and their High fat offspring exhibited higher body mass on the 1st day of life and increased abdominal circumference on the 30th day of life compared to the control and the high fat with omega 3 offspring. Conclusion The formulated diets with a higher amount of saturated fatty acids meet the nutritional requirements of the gestation and lactation period. The high fat diet with omega 3 was able to attenuate the changes observed in dams and their offspring.

scholarly journals Effect of conjugated linoleic acids and omega-3 fatty acids with or without resistance training on muscle mass in high-fat diet-fed middle-aged mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 102 (11) ◽  
pp. 1500-1512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Rok Lee ◽  
Andy V. Khamoui ◽  
Edward Jo ◽  
Michael C. Zourdos ◽  
Lynn B. Panton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acids ◽  
Aged Mice
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