scholarly journals Abelmoschus Esculentus (Moench.) Seed Derived Flavonoids Antioxidant Protect the Heart Against Experimental Oxidative Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Anjorin O. Atinuke ◽  
Komolafe, O. Aderibigbe ◽  
Ogunlade O ◽  
Anjorin O. Andrew ◽  
Saka, O. Stephen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
Cardiovascular Damage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Group B

Since oxidative stress impairs the cardiovascular function, the hypothesis from the present study is that the treatment of paraquat-exposed adult Wistar rats with methanolic extract of Abelmoschus esculentus seed would reduce paraquat-induced cardiovascular damage. Thirty healthy female Wistar rats weighing 120-150 g were randomly assigned into 6 groups of 5 rats each (Groups A, B, C, D, E and F). Rats in groups A served as control and received normal saline while groups B, C, D, E and F received a single dose of paraquat (7mgkg-1i.p.). Rats in group B was sacrificed 24hours following paraquat administration while daily administration of 100 mg kg-1and 200 mg kg-1 of methanolic extract of Abelmoschus esculentus seed extract were given orally to groups C and D while group E received daily oral dose of Vitamin E at 100mgkg-1 and group F was left untreated. Histological and biochemical preparations of the heart was made and data were expressed as mean± SEM. Significant difference was set at p<0.05. Results showed no significance difference (p<0.05) in nitric oxide activity, Glutathione reductase activity, and troponin I activity across the paraquat-exposed groups when compared with control. Histological studies reveal distortion of normal cardiac histo-architecture in paraquat-exposed group B compared with control rats while Abelmoschus esculentus reversed these changes in other treated groups. The study concluded that paraquat caused significant distortion of the cardiac histo-architecture and methanolic extract of immature Abelmoschus esculentus seed had antioxidant and ameliorative effects similar to Vitamin E on paraquat-induced myocardial injury.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the toxic influence of vitamin E (dl-alpha-tocopheryl acetate) and treatment with aqueous extracts of cinnamon or anise on lipid profile and liver functions of female wistar rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
Sabah Ibrahim ◽  
Murwan Sabahelkhier
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Toxic Dose ◽  
Liver Functions ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Better Than

The toxic effects of vitamin E and its treatment with aqueous extracts of Cinnamon or anise on lipid profile and liver functions of female wistar rats were examined for six weeks during September 2016 at labs in al-Neelain University. 18 rats were divided into six groups: 1. negative control group (sunflower oil), 2. Positive control group and rest groups given (1500 mg/Kg/BW/day of Vitamin E). After two hours, the four treated groups received a low dose (2.13g/Kg) and a high dose (3.20g/Kg) 20g/Kg from Cinnamon aqueous extract (CAE) and Anise aqueous extract (AAE). At the end rats were sacrificed then serum and liver tissues were analyzed. Vitamin E toxic dose had caused a significant increase in serum Triglycerides (TG), Alanine amino transferase (ALT) levels, while it decreased the levels of High-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol (TC) and Aspartate amino transferase (AST). All treatments decreased TG and ALT levels. CAE low dose significantly increased TC, LDL and HDL levels. CAE high dose caused a significant decrease in AST, TC, and LDL. Both doses of AAE, caused significant increases on AST levels, and only anise low dose caused a significant decrease on TC and LDL levels. Vitamin E toxic dose caused severe fatty change in liver histology, which was near normal in both doses of CAE with a small necrosis in a low dose. Only AAE low dose normalized the liver. To conclude Vitamin E oral administration with a dose of (1500 mg/Kg) induced liver injury with an elevation in ALT and TG levels, which was significantly ameliorated by both treatments. Cinnamon was better than anise in ameliorating the toxicity. Cinnamon high dose was better than Cinnamon low dose; in contrast anise low dose was better than Anise high dose.

scholarly journals VALUE OF ST-SEGMENT ELEVATION IN LEAD aVR IN NON STELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION/UNSTABLE ANGINA IN PREDICTING DISEASE EXTENT, SEVERITY AND OUTCOMES.

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Naga Narasimha Reddy M ◽  
Vanajakshamma V ◽  
Rajasekhar D ◽  
Sreenivas Reddy D ◽  
Ravindra Dev V
Keyword(s):  
Unstable Angina ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Syntax Score ◽  
Vessel Disease ◽  
St Segment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Lead Avr ◽  
St Elevation ◽  
Group B

Background: ST -segment elevation (STE) in lead aVR has been associated with three vessel disease and left main coronary stenosis in acute coronary syndrome, but prognostic relevance of this finding as an independent predictor in patients with non ST elevation myocardial infarction(NSTEMI) or unstable angina (UA) remains unknown. Methodology: We prospectively evaluated the initial electrocardiogram (ECG) in 112 patients with NSTEMI or UA. ST-elevation in lead aVR was measured. Echocardiography was performed, mitral regurgitation and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were assessed. Selective coronary angiography was performed at median of 3 days after admission, SYNTAX and Gensini scores were calculated. All the patients were followed up in hospital and 3 months after discharge. Results: Overall, 34 patients (30.3%) had STE in lead aVR (group A) and remaining 78 patients (68.7%) had NSTE (Group B). Group A patients had a higher prevalence of lateral leads ST–segment depression (p=0.001). However, group A peak troponin I (p =0.14) and LVEF ( p= 0.22) were not significantly different, but had a higher incidence of mitral regurgitation (MR) (p=0.02). The incidence of single vessel disease, double vessel disease and triple vessel disease in group A were 41%, 29.3% and 23.5%, whereas in group B they were 49%, 33.3% and 10% respectively (p=0.43, p=0.67 and p=0.06 respectively). The mean SYNTAX score was 24.56±16.43 in group A and 19.46±14.39 in group B (p = 0.47). The mean Gensini score was 64.73±40.70 in group A as compared to 46.32±39.43 in group B (p =0.53). There was no significant difference in 3 months clinical outcomes in the two groups. Conclusion: Our study showed that in NSTEMI/Unstable angina, ST elevation in aVR is associated with ST depression in lateral leads and significant MR. Readmission due to acute coronary syndromes was significantly higher in patients with STE in aVR. However, there was no significant difference in troponin I levels, LVEF, disease extent by Gensini and SYNTAX score between the two groups.

scholarly journals Histoarchitectural studies of gonads of rat pups following brief exposure to hyperthermia in-utero

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1691-1700
Author(s):  
Olakayode Olaolu Ogundoyin ◽  
Gideon Olamilekan Oluwatunase
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Maternal Exposure ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Luminal Diameter ◽  
Rat Pups ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Group A ◽  
Recorded Data ◽  
Group B ◽  
Experimental Group

This study investigated the effect of hyperthermia on the gonads of the pups of Wistar rats following maternal exposure to brief hyperthermia during pregnancy. Twenty-five pregnant adult female Wistar rats were randomly selected into two groups: Group A (Control) which consisted of 10 female rats and Group B (Experimental) which had 15 female rats. The pregnant dams in the experimental group were exposed to brief hyperthermia for 15 minutes twice daily at 8.00am and 4pm on gestational day (GD) 12-18. The pups produced by the rats were weighed, examined and sacrificed at 35days of post-natal life. Recorded were the microscopic appearances of the gonads while the luminal diameter and thickness of the gonadal vessels were measured and recorded. Data was analysed, mean and standard deviation were generated with student t-test, and p< 0.05 was taken as significant. Maternal exposure to brief hyperthermia during pregnancy significantly reduced the birth weight of the pups in Group B (3.86 ± 0.26g) compared to Group A (4.71 ± 0.18g). The luminal diameters of the testicular and ovarian arteries of the pups in Group B were significantly increased whereas the gonadal vascular arterial wall thicknesses were significantly reduced in comparison with the Group A. Histological examination of the gonads revealed fewer cell population with degeneration and damage to the germinal epithelium of the gonads of the pups in Group B which was more severe in the testes. Maternal exposure to brief hyperthermia during pregnancy has deleterious effects and subsequent destruction of the gonads of pups of Wistar rats and this may interfere with fertility of the pups later. Key Words: brief hyperthermia, gonads, maternal, pregnancy, wistar rats

scholarly journals Histological and hormonal studies of calabash chalk on ovarian function in adult female wistar rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (03) ◽  
pp. 173-177
Author(s):  
A. Oyewopo ◽  
K. Obasi ◽  
K. Anumudu ◽  
E. Yawson
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract Introduction: Calabash chalk is a naturally occurring mineral, chiefly composed of fossilized sea shells. It is prepared from clay and mud mixed with other ingredients, including lead, arsenic, sand and wood ash. Clay consumption is correlated with pregnancy, and also to eliminate morning sickness in women. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of calabash chalk on the ovarian function in adult female Wistar rats. Methods: Eighteen (18) adult female Wistar rats. Group A served as the control group, group B received 40 mg/kg body weight of Non-salted calabash chalk while group C received 40 mg/kg body weight of Salted calabash chalk for 14 days. On day 15, the animals were sacrificed for histological and biochemical examination. Results: Results showed a significant (P< 0.05) reduction in follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels of the treatment groups when compared with the control group and an increase in luteinizing hormone (LH) levels of the treatment groups when compared with the control group. Histological examination of the ovaries showed severe deterioration of the ovarian follicles, necrosis and follicular atresia. Conclusion: Calabash chalk is toxic to ovarian function. These alterations have been shown to be the leading cause ofinfertility in female rats. Hence, proper monitoring, education, and regulation of the product is needed.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Moringa oleifera (L) Aqueous Seed Extracts on Aphrodisiac, ‎Gonadal and Epididymal Sperm Reserves of Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
D. Iliyasu ◽  
J. S. Rwuaan ◽  
D. Sani ◽  
A. I. Nwannenna ◽  
C. O. Njoku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Epididymal Sperm ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Intromission Frequency ◽  
Group B

This study was designed to evaluate the effects of Moringa oleifera (L) aqueous seed extract on aphrodisiac, gonadal and epididymal sperm reserves of Wistar rats. Twenty-five male and fifteen female Wistar rats aged two months weighing 150 – 200 g were purchased and housed in cages at the Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria. The Wistar rats were provided with a 12 hours light and dark cycle, fed with pellets of broiler starter and drinking water were provided ad libitum. The rats were acclimatized for 14 days and they were randomly divided into 5 groups A, B, C, D and E. Group B, C and D as treatment groups, whereas, group A and E were negative and positive controls, respectively, with 5 rats in each group and each was kept singly in separate cage. Groups A and E received 1 ml of distilled water and 5 mg of sildenafil citrate orally respectively. Groups B, C and D received suspension of Moringa oleifera aqueous seed extract orally at the dose rate 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg respectively, between 9:00 - 10:00 am daily for 21 days. Female rats were paired with males at a ratio of 1:1, and mating behaviour recorded. Group C and E male rats showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in mounting frequency (MF), respectively. Intromission frequency (IF) was significantly (p < 0.05) increased in group C and E, respectively. Gonadal and epididymal sperm reserves were significantlydifferent (p < 0.05)between the M. oleifera treated and control groups.

scholarly journals Effects of Moringa oleifera on the developing cerebrum of young wistar rats

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Z Abijo ◽  
O O Adeeyo ◽  
O A Komolafe ◽  
O S Saka ◽  
V K Abodunrin
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
The Body ◽  
Brain Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Group B

The study evaluated the effects of moringa oleifeira on the histoarchitecture of the cerebral cortex, the body weight and brain weight of young wistar rats. Fifteen (15) young wistar rats of both sexes weighing 20-30g were used for this study. They were randomly assigned into three groups (A, B and C) of five rats each. Group A served as control and received distilled water, group B and C received 100 mg/kg and 200mg/kg of moringa oleifera respectively. Treatment lasted for a period of 6 weeks (orally). Rats were weighed and sacrificed under ketamine (30 mg/kg) anaesthesia. The cerebrum was harvested and fixed immediately in 10% formolcalcium, for further histological processing. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze data, followed by Newan-Keuls (SNK) for multiple comparisons. The results showed that there was significant increase in the feed intake of animals in groups B and C starting from the 4th week of administration. There was no significant difference in the relative brain weight and the mean weight of the rats in group B and C when compared with group A. Histological findings revealed that there was slight distortion in group B and more distortion in group C when compared with the normal histoarchitecture in control group A. The results obtained from this study showed that high doses of Moringa oleifera caused damage of some parts of histoarchitecture of the frontal cortex of developing wistarKey words: MORINGA OLEIFERA; Cerebrum; Frontal Cortex

Antioxidative Role of Azadirachta Indica Vit. E in Restoration of Histopathological changes in Acetaminophen induced liver

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 3211-3213
Author(s):  
Jawad Mumtaz Sodha ◽  
Aftab Abbasi ◽  
Hina Mawani ◽  
Ghulam Nabi Pathan ◽  
Umair Ali Soomro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Normal Appearance ◽  
Neem Extract ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effects ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Aim: To study the comparative effect of Acetaminophen induced liver toxicity with aqueous extract of Azadirachta Indica (Neem) and vitamin E on the basis of liver Histopathology. Methods: Sixty Wistar Rats of both sexes were split into four groups. Each group contained 15 animals. The control group was group A, Group B was treated orally with single dose of Paracetamol 2 mg / kg by weight, Group C was administrated orally with aqueous Neem extract 500 mg/kg +2 mg/Kg by weight oral Paracetamol, and Group D was given orally paracetamol+Neem extract+Vitamin E with 100mg/Kg/body weight for 15 days. Rats from all groups were decapitated, the liver was sliced, and liver tissues were taken for histological examination. Tissue samples were fixed in 10% formaldehyde, embedding in paraffin followed by Hematoxylin and Eosin dye (H&E) and observed under 400x magnification with a digital microscope. Results: On Histopathological examination of the rat`s liver in we found that the control group had a normal appearance, colour, and uniform surface without any necrosis. Group B showed severe necrosis and haemorrhagic patches. In comparison, Group C revealed normal appearance, colour, and smooth surface with no necrotic alterations. Livers from the group D looked virtually normal in terms of colour, undersurfaces, and organ weight. However, hepatoprotective effects were observed in the Group C and D. Therefore, we can conclude that Azadirachta indica and Vitamin E could serve as a good medication for defence against liver injury. Conclusion: Our findings showed thatextract of Azadirachta Indica and Vitamin E exhibited hepatoprotective effects on the Wistar rats that were subjected to Acetaminophen. Key words: Azadirachta Indica leaf extract, Vitamin E, hepatoprotective Paracetamol, Wistar rats.

scholarly journals Histological Assessment on Cadmium Induced Liver Damage Following Oral Administration of Moringa oleifera Oil and Anarcardium occidentale Nuts Oil in Wistar Rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
O. D. Omotoso ◽  
S. A. Adelakun ◽  
O. O. Oyewo ◽  
B. T. Adediran
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Central Vein ◽  
Group A ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Oil ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Background: Cadmium is a human carcinogen element and one of the most toxic pollutants in the environment. Present study aims at histomorphological study of some of the effects of Moringa oleifera oil and cashew (Anarcardium occidentale) nuts oil on Cadmium-induced liver damage in wistar rats. Methods: Thirty-five Wistar rats (80-180 g) were randomly selected and divided into seven groups of five rats each after acclimatization for two weeks. Group A which served as control received phosphate buffer, Group B received Cadmium only (3.5 mg/kg body weight). Group C received Vitamin C and Vitamin E; Group D received Vitamin C, Vitamin E and Cadmium. Group E received Cadmium and Moringa oleifera oil, Group F received Cadmium and Cashew nut oil and Group G received Cadmium (3.5 mg/kg body weight) and Moringa oleifera oil and Cashew (Anarcardium occidentale) nut oil. Results: Histological examination revealed normal histo-architecture of the liver, the central vein and the hepatocytes were seen clearly and there was orderly arrangement of the hepatocytes in Group A (control group). In group B, there was enlarged portal vein and there was distorted arrangement of the hepatocytes. In group C, the hepatocytes and the central vein were seen. In group D, the central vein and hepatocytes were seen though not orderly arranged. In groups E, F and G, there was restoration of the hepatocytes and the central vein was seen. Conclusion: This therefore suggests that Moringa oleifera oil and Cashew (Anarcardium occidentale) nut oil have ameliorative effects which led to the restoration of the damaged and distorted hepatocytes.

scholarly journals Use of the amniotic membrane to cover the peritoneal cavity in the reconstruction of the abdominal wall with polypropylene mesh in rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Calvão Barbuto ◽  
Ivana Duval de Araujo ◽  
Daniel de Oliveira Bonomi ◽  
Luciene Simões de Assis Tafuri ◽  
Antônio Calvão Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Amniotic Membrane ◽  
Polypropylene Mesh ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Angiogenic Activity ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the efficacy of the amniotic membrane used with polypropylene mesh against the formation of adhesions and its influence on healing. METHODS: twenty five female Wistar rats were anesthetized for creating a parietal defect in the anterior abdominal wall. Its correction was made with polypropylene mesh alone and associated with amniotic membrane. In the control group (n=11), the screen was inserted alone. In group A (n=7) we interposed the amniotic membrane between the screen and the abdominal wall. In group B, the amniotic membrane was placed on the mesh, covering it. After seven days, the animals were euthanized for macroscopic and microscopic evaluation of healing. RESULTS: adhesions were observed in all animals except one in the control group. Severe inflammation was observed in all animals in groups A and B and in three of the control group, with significant difference between them (A and B with p=0.01). Pronounced angiogenic activity was noted in one animal in the control group, six in group A and four in group B, with a significant difference between the control group and group A (p=0.002) and group B (p=0.05). The scar collagen was predominantly mature, except in five animals of the control group, with significant difference between the control group and group A (p=0.05) and group B (p=0.05). CONCLUSION: The amniotic membrane did not alter the formation of adhesions in the first postoperative week. There were also pronounced inflammation, high angiogenic activity and predominance of mature collagen fibers, regardless of the anatomical plane that it was inserted in.

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