scholarly journals Exercise and Vitamin D Supplementation Modify Spleen Morphology in Lean, but not, in Monosodium-Glutamate-Obese Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Zoé Maria Guareschi ◽  
Vanessa Marieli Ceglarek ◽  
Patrick Fontes Rodrigues ◽  
Luiz Pierre Huning ◽  
Cintia Festinalli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Spleen Weight ◽  
White Pulp ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Neonatal Administration ◽  
Area Occupation

We evaluated the effect of exercise and vitamin D supplementation on histological aspects of the spleens of lean and obese rats. Male Wistar rats received neonatal administration of monosodium glutamate (MSG; 4g/Kg), while Control (CON) rats received an equimolar solution. At 30 days of age, CON and MSG rats were subdivided into Exercised (E) or Sedentary (S) groups and Vitamin D (VD; 12µg/Kg) supplemented or non-supplemented (NS) groups. At the 86th day of life, rats were euthanized, and their body weights and adiposity were evaluated. Spleens were submitted to histomorphometric analysis of the white pulp (WP), germinal center (GC) and lymphatic nodule (LN). Data are presented as mean ± SEM (p<0.05). MSG treatment promoted a reduction in spleen weight, increased LN thickness and WP area, but reduced GC occupation, compared to spleens of CON-lean rats (p<0.05). Exercise and VD did not provoke changes in the spleens of MSG-obese rats. In CON-lean rats, E and VD induced augmentation of LN thickness. VD supplementation increased the WP area, while E reduced GC area occupation in spleens of CON-lean rats (p<0.05). In conclusion, exercise and VD supplementation increased LN thickness and WP area, but had the opposite effect on the GC in spleens of CON-lean rats. However, neither exercise nor VD supplementation prevented the development of morphological abnormalities in the spleens of MSG-obese rats.

scholarly journals The effect of chronic oral vitamin D supplementation on adiposity and insulin secretion in hypothalamic obese rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 121 (12) ◽  
pp. 1334-1344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoé M. Guareschi ◽  
Ana C. Valcanaia ◽  
Vanessa M. Ceglarek ◽  
Pamela Hotz ◽  
Bruna K. Amaral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Plasma Vitamin ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Male Neonate

AbstractReduced plasma vitamin D (VD) levels may contribute to excessive white adipose tissue, insulin resistance (IR) and dyslipidaemia. We evaluated the effect of chronic oral VD supplementation on adiposity and insulin secretion in monosodium glutamate (MSG)-treated rats. During their first 5 d of life, male neonate rats received subcutaneous injections of MSG (4 g/kg), while the control (CON) group received saline solution. After weaning, groups were randomly distributed into VD supplemented (12 µg/kg; three times/week) and non-supplemented (NS) rats, forming four experimental groups (n 15 rats/group): CON-NS, CON-VD, MSG-NS and MSG-VD. At 76 d of life, rats were submitted to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT; 2 g/kg), and at 86 d, obesity, IR and plasma metabolic parameters were evaluated. Pancreatic islets were isolated for glucose-induced insulin secretion (GIIS), cholinergic insulinotropic response and muscarinic 3 receptor (M3R), protein kinase C (PKC) and protein kinase A (PKA) expressions. Pancreas was submitted to histological analyses. VD supplementation decreased hyperinsulinaemia (86 %), hypertriacylglycerolaemia (50 %) and restored insulin sensibility (89 %) in MSG-VD rats, without modifying adiposity, OGTT or GIIS, compared with the MSG-NS group. The cholinergic action was reduced (57 %) in islets from MSG-VD rats, without any change in M3R, PKA or PKC expression. In conclusion, chronic oral VD supplementation of MSG-obese rats was able to prevent hyperinsulinaemia and IR, improving triacylglycerolaemia without modifying adiposity. A reduced cholinergic pancreatic effect, in response to VD, could be involved in the normalisation of plasma insulin levels, an event that appears to be independent of M3R and its downstream pathways.

Histological, metabolic, and inflammatory changes in the renal tissues of high-fat diet-induced obese rats after vitamin D supplementation

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 1135-1149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir-Hossein Avestaei ◽  
Mahdi Yaghchiyan ◽  
Alireza Ali-Hemmati ◽  
Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi ◽  
Mehran Mesgari-Abbasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Inflammatory Changes

Purpose Obesity is a major risk factor for chronic renal fibrosis and kidneys’ structural and inflammatory impairments. This study aims to examine the possible therapeutic effects of vitamin D supplementation against renal inflammatory and kidney’s structural fibrosis and degeneration. Design/methodology/approach Forty male Wistar rats were divided into two groups for 16 weeks: normal diet (ND) and high-fat diet (HFD); then, each group was subdivided into two groups including ND, ND + vitamin D and HFD, HFD + vitamin D. Vitamin D supplementation was done for five weeks at 500 IU/kg dosage. Renal tissue concentrations of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin 6, interleukin 1 beta, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), serum values of lipids, markers of glucose homeostasis and urea, creatinine and uric acid and renal tissue histological and structural changes were determined. Findings HFD feeding caused remarkable histological and structural changes including higher TNF-α, MCP-1 and TGF-β concentrations in renal tissues of rats, whereas vitamin D has potent anti-inflammatory effects (P = 0.036, 0.047 and 0.02, respectively). Vitamin D administration also reduced urea and uric acid concentrations (P = 0.023 and 0.049, respectively). Moreover, vitamin D reduced glomerulomegaly, reduced lipid accumulation and limited dilated Bowman’s space in rats and improved glycemic status by increasing insulin (P = 0.04) and reducing insulin resistance (P = 0.006). Research limitations/implications The current study has some limitations. It was better to measure the level of inflammatory cytokines’ expression in the kidney tissues. Additionally, the measurement of baseline values of inflammatory cytokines was not possible because of the possibility of animals’ drop-out. Practical implications According to the study findings, vitamin D treatment in the current report showed a significant therapeutic role in reducing inflammation, improving glycemic and lipid abnormalities and structural and histological modifications in renal tissues of rats. These findings have a great value because after confirming in a human model, vitamin D can be suggested as a potential therapeutic tool in clinical practice. Social implications After being confirmed by other animal or human researches, the results of the current work could have great social implications by reducing the prevalence of obesity-related renal complications and highlighting the beneficial roles of vitamin D. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the histological and inflammatory changes in the kidneys and metabolic parameters in the HFD induced rats and also clarified the therapeutic roles of vitamin D in ameliorating the inflammatory, histological, metabolic and functional changes in the kidneys of obese rats.

scholarly journals Vitamin D and Training Modulates Gene Expression of TLR4 and NFkB in Lung Tissue of Obese Rats in an Experimental Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milad Rahimi ◽  
Mohammad Ali Azarbayjani ◽  
Maghsoud Peeri ◽  
Parvin Farzanegi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
P Value ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Oxygenated Water

Objective: Physical exercise has different effects on oxidative stress. Oxidative stress influences TLR4 and NFkB gene expression. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic training and vitamin D on gene expression of TLR4 and NFkB in lung tissue of obese rats exposed to oxygenated water. ung tissue of obese rats exposed to oxygenated water. Materials and Methods: In an experimental study, 30 obese male wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: control, oxygenated water, oxygenated water + vitamin D, oxygenated water + aerobic training, and oxygenated water + aerobic training + vitamin D. All the rats were injected intraperitoneally with oxygenated water. Vitamin D was performed by intraperitoneal injection of 0.5 µg daily for eight weeks. The aerobic training protocol included 8 weeks, 5 sessions per week running on treadmill. TLR4 and NFkB gene expression of lung tissue were investigated using real time & PCR. Two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test were used to analysis the data. The significant level was set at Pvalue< 0.05. Results: Aerobic training significantly reduced TLR4 expression compared with other groups (P-value: 0.046) but did not significantly affect the expression of NFkB gene (P-value: 0.261). Vitamin D alone and aerobic training and vitamin D interaction did not significantly alter the gene expression of TLR4 (P-value: 0.072 and P-value: 0.695, respectively) and NFkB (P-value: 0.243 and Pvalue:< 0.195, respectively). Conclusion: It seems that performing aerobic training is likely to be beneficial in reducing oxidative stress and inflammation compared to inactivity.

scholarly journals DUODENAL-JEJUNAL BYPASS REDUCES LIPID ACCUMULATION IN THE BROWN ADIPOSE TISSUE OF HYPOTHALAMIC OBESE RATS

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Marieli CEGLAREK ◽  
Zoé Maria GUARESCHI ◽  
Gabriela MOREIRA-SOARES ◽  
Rafaela Cristiane ECKER-PASSARELLO ◽  
Sandra Lucinei BALBO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Lipid Deposition ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Jejunal Bypass

ABSTRACT Background: Thermogenic activity in the brown adipose tissue (BAT) of obese individuals is reduced, and this condition may be modified by bariatric surgery (BS). Aim: To characterize fat deposition in BAT from hypothalamic obese (HyO) rats submitted to duodenal-jejunal-bypass (DJB) surgery. Methods: For induction of hypothalamic obesity, newborn male Wistar rats were treated with subcutaneous injections of monosodium glutamate (MSG). The control (CTL) group received saline solution. At 90 days, the HyO rats were submitted to DJB or sham operation, generating the HyO-DJB and HyO-SHAM groups. At 270 days, the rats were euthanized, and the BAT was weighed and submitted to histological analysis. Results: Compared to BAT from CTL animals, the BAT from HyO-SHAM rats displayed increased weight, hypertrophy with greater lipid accumulation and a reduction in nucleus number. DJB effectively increased nucleus number and normalized lipid deposition in the BAT of HyO-SHAM rats, similar to that observed in CTL animals. Conclusion: DJB surgery avoided excessive lipid deposition in the BAT of hypothalamic obese rats, suggesting that this procedure could reactivate thermogenesis in BAT, and contribute to increase energy expenditure.

Vitamin D supplementation decreases visceral adiposity and normalizes leptinemia and circulating TNF-α levels in western diet-fed obese rats

Life Sciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 119550
Author(s):  
Maiara Mikuska Cordeiro ◽  
Patrícia Bubna Biscaia ◽  
Janaini Brunoski ◽  
Rosane Aparecida Ribeiro ◽  
Gilson César Nobre Franco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Western Diet ◽  
Visceral Adiposity ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Obese Rats

The Impact of Vitamin D Supplementation on Neurodegeneration, TNF-α Concentration in Hypothalamus, and CSF-to-Plasma Ratio of Insulin in High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obese Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghazaleh Nameni ◽  
Ghazaleh Hajiluian ◽  
Parviz Shahabi ◽  
Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi ◽  
Mehran Mesgari-Abbasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Plasma Ratio ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
The Impact

Profiling older community-dwellers with hypovitaminosis D: A classification tree analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 195-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaelle Chevallereau ◽  
Mathilde Legeay ◽  
Guillaume T. Duval ◽  
Spyridon N. Karras ◽  
Bruno Fantino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Classification Tree ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Gait Disorders ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Chaid Analysis ◽  
Clinical Profiles ◽  
Community Dwellers

Abstract. Despite the high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in older adults, universal vitamin D supplementation is not recommended due to potential risk of intoxication. Our aim here was to determine the clinical profiles of older community-dwellers with hypovitaminosis D. The perspective is to build novel strategies to screen for and supplement those with hypovitaminosis D. A classification tree (CHAID analysis) was performed on multiple datasets standardizedly collected from 1991 older French community-dwelling volunteers ≥ 65 years in 2009–2012. Hypovitaminosis D was defined as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D ≤ 50 nmol/L. CHAID analysis retained 5 clinical profiles of older community-dwellers with different risks of hypovitaminosis D up to 87.3%, based on various combinations of the following characteristics: polymorbidity, obesity, sadness and gait disorders. For instance, the probability of hypovitaminosis D was 1.42-fold higher [95CI: 1.27–1.59] for those with polymorbidity and gait disorders compared to those with no polymorbidity, no obesity and no sadness. In conclusion, these easily-recordable measures may be used in clinical routine to identify older community-dwellers for whom vitamin D supplementation should be initiated.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document