Psychopathology of Brain Frontal Lobe Tumors: When the Neurosurgery Meets Psychiatry

Brain tumors occur when abnormal cells form within the brain.There are two main types of tumors: malignant and benign tumors. Then, tumors can be divided into primary that start within the brain, and secondary tumors that have spread from somewhere else, known as brain metastasis tumors. Secondary brain tumors occur in approximately 15 % of cancer patients with about half of metastases coming from lung cancer. Primary brain tumors occur in around 250,000 people a year globally, making up less than 2% of whole body tumors. According to American Brain Tumor Association the most common types of primary tumors are gliomas, representing 74,6 % of all malignant tumors and meningiomas ( 36,6% ) while more affected region is frontal lobe, about 22 % . Particularly, prefrontal cortex ( PFC ), the anterior part of the frontal lobe that is highly developed in humans plays a role in the regulation of personality, emotional, and behavioral functioning, leading to serious cognitive impairments 1. These are the psychological signs of frontal lobe tumors, in addition to other functions such as the expressive language of Broca's area or those relating to voluntary movement, linked to frontal cortical motor areas. It relates to the so-called higher nervous functions, concerning the life of relationship and communication. The PFC physiology explains the psychological mechanisms of its associated functions: connections with the limbic cortex, thalamus, hypothalamus, basal ganglia and other subcortical areas.The regions of the PFC at the base of the psychophysiological mechanisms involved are basically the dorso-lateral, the ventro-medial, the orbito-frontal establishing contacts primarily with limbic structures, such as the cingulate gyrus, hippocampus, amygdala.

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Ensuring the most effective strategy for cancer treatment of patients with brain tumors.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e14000 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e14000-e14000

Author(s):

Elena A. Sheiko ◽

Elena M. Frantsiyants ◽

Eduard E. Rostorguev ◽

Irina V. Kaplieva ◽

Valeria A. Bandovkina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Brain Tumors ◽

Blood Plasma ◽

Histological Analysis ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Kinetic Method ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Tumor Removal ◽

Plastic Tube ◽

Malignant Brain Tumors

e14000 Background: The purpose of the study was to analyze changes in the total activity of trypsin-like proteinases (TLPs) in the blood plasma in patients with brain tumors for the preoperative differential diagnosis of benign, primary and secondary malignant brain tumors. Methods: TLPs were measured in 164 patients with brain tumors. The blood had been collected from the patients in a standard plastic tube with 3.8% sodium citrate (9:1) 3 days prior to the surgery. Citrate blood was centrifuged; citrated plasma was obtained and used to determine the total TLP activity by the unified kinetic method. Results were compared with the data in donors. Results: TLP activity in 37 (22.6%) of 164 patients was within the normal range (258–402 IU/mL, on the average 333.0±27.1 IU/mL). Benign brain tumors (meningioma) were diagnosed in all 37 patients after the tumor removal and histological analysis. In 74 (45.1%) of 164 patients, TLP activity was within 1158–1626 IU/mL (on the average 1331.0±102.4 IU/mL, p < 0.05), i.e. 3.8-5.3 times higher than the norm in donors (malignancy coefficient on average 4.4±0.3 times). Primary malignant brain tumors (glioblastoma) were diagnosed in all 74 patients after the tumor removal and histological analysis. In 53 (32.3%) of 164 patients, TLP activity was within 1794–2868 IU/mL (on the average 2227.0±174.1 IU/mL, p < 0.05), i.e. 5.9-9.4 times higher than the norm in donors (malignancy coefficient on average 7.3±0.5 times). Secondary malignant brain tumors (metastases) were diagnosed in all 53 patients after the tumor removal and histological analysis. Conclusions: The specificity of the proposed method for the differential diagnosis of brain tumors was very high: for benign tumors - 97.2%, for primary malignant tumors - 98.6% and for secondary malignant tumors - 98.1%. So, TLP activity indices in the blood plasma are an informative auxiliary laboratory test that will help in clarifying and/or confirming the differential diagnosis of brain tumors.

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Localized 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy of large pediatric brain tumors

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/jns.1990.72.1.0065 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 72 (1) ◽

pp. 65-70 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Leslie N. Sutton ◽

Robert E. Lenkinski ◽

Bruce H. Cohen ◽

Roger J. Packer ◽

Robert A. Zimmerman

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽

Brain Tumors ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Resonance Spectroscopy ◽

Normal Brain ◽

Content Type ◽

Metabolic Fingerprint

✓ Fourteen children aged 1 week to 16 years, with a variety of large or superficial brain tumors, underwent localized in vivo 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy of their tumor. Quantitative spectral analysis was performed by measuring the area under individual peaks using a computer algorithm. In eight patients with histologically benign tumors the spectra were considered to be qualitatively indistinguishable from normal brain. The phosphocreatine/inorganic phosphate ratio (PCr/Pi) averaged 2.0. Five patients had histologically malignant tumors; qualitatively, four of these were considered to have abnormal spectra, showing a decrease in the PCr peak. The PCr/Pi ratio for this group averaged 0.85, which was significantly lower than that seen in the benign tumor group (p < 0.05). No difference between the two groups was seen in adenosine triphosphate or phosphomonoesters. It is concluded that a specific metabolic “fingerprint” for childhood brain tumors may not exist, but that some malignant tumors show a pattern suggestive of ischemia.

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Cardiac Tumors

ISRN Oncology ◽

10.5402/2011/208929 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Ioannis A. Paraskevaidis ◽

Christos A. Michalakeas ◽

Constantinos H. Papadopoulos ◽

Maria Anastasiou-Nana

Keyword(s):

Histological Examination ◽

Diagnostic Tool ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Diagnostic Information ◽

Cardiac Tumors ◽

Primary Tumors ◽

Secondary Tumors ◽

3D Echo ◽

Primary Cardiac Tumors

Cardiac tumors represent a relatively rare, yet challenging diagnosis. Secondary tumors are far more frequent than primary tumors of the heart. The majority of primary cardiac tumors is benign in origin, with primary malignant tumors accounting for 25% of cases. Metastatic tumors usually arise from lung, breast, renal cancer, melanomas, and lymphomas. Clinical manifestations of cardiac tumors depend on the size and location of the mass and the infiltration of adjacent tissues rather than the type of the tumor itself. Echocardiography is the main diagnostic tool for the detection of a cardiac mass. Other imaging modalities (C-MRI, C-CT, 3D Echo) may offer further diagnostic information and the establishment of the diagnosis is made with histological examination. Management depends on the type of the tumor and the symptomatology of the patient.

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Overexpression of human osteopontin increases cell proliferation and migration in human embryo kidney-293 cells

Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters ◽

10.2478/s11658-009-0027-z ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ya-Jun Liu ◽

Dao-Qiang Zhang ◽

Xiu-Mei Sui ◽

Wei Tian

Keyword(s):

Cell Proliferation ◽

Cell Growth ◽

Human Embryo ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Primary Tumors ◽

Secondary Tumors ◽

Novel Approach ◽

293 Cells ◽

Human Embryo Kidney

AbstractMalignant tumors are characterized by dysregulated cell growth and the metastasis of secondary tumors. Numerous studies have documented that osteopontin (OPN) plays a key role in regulating tumor progression and metastasis. Here, we show that the overexpression of OPN in human embryo kidney-293 cells significantly increases both the level of cell proliferation, by provoking the G1/S transition, and the level of cell migration in vitro. These findings suggest that augmented OPN contributes to cell growth and motility. Inhibiting OPN or the pathway it stimulates may therefore represent a novel approach for the treatment of primary tumors and associated metastases.

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Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation, and Prognosis of Pediatric Brain Tumors: Experience of National Center for Children’s Health

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1197382/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

wei yang ◽

Yingjie Cai ◽

Jiashu Chen ◽

Ping Yang ◽

Zesheng Ying ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Brain Tumors ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

World Health ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Symptom Duration ◽

Tumor Type ◽

Astrocytic Tumors ◽

Embryonal Tumors ◽

Initial Symptoms

Abstract Objective Brain tumors have become the most common solid tumors in children. The epidemiology is poorly described in China. This retrospective study aimed to describe the epidemiologic characteristics, clinical presentation, and prognosis in national health center for children. Method From January 2015 to December 2020, 484 cases age 0-18 years old diagnosed with brain tumors and receiving neurosurgery treatment were enrolled into the database. Pathology was based on the World Health Organization 2012 nervous system tumor classification, and tumor behavior were classified on International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, third edition. A descriptive and comparative statistic was performed on clinical manifestation, symptom duration, sex, age, tumor location, tumor behavior, and survival time. Results Among the 484 brain tumors, the median age at diagnosis was 4.62 [2.19, 8.17] years old (4.07 [1.64, 7.13] for benign tumors and 5.36 [2.78, 8.84] for malignant tumors). The overall male to female ratios were 1.33:1, with 1.09:1 and 1.62:1 for benign and malignant tumors respectively. Nausea and vomiting, headache were the most frequent initial symptoms. The median symptoms duration was 4[2, 21] weeks. The three most frequent tumor type were embryonal tumors (22.45%), other astrocytic tumors (20.17%), and diffuse astrocytic tumors (11.02%). Supratentorial tumors comprise 57.38% of all brain tumors. And the most common tumor locations were cerebellum and forth ventricles (38.67%), sellar region (22.87%) and ventricles (10.60%). Male were more common among choroid plexus tumors (63.64%), embryonal tumors (61.11%), ependymal tumors (68.57%), and germ cell tumors (78.13%). Patients were followed for 1 to 82 months. The overall 5-year survival was 77.4%, with 90.0% for benign tumor and 65.3% for malignant tumors. log-rank test found significant different at p <0.001 level. Conclusion Brain tumors presented particularly sexual, age dependent, and regional dependent epidemiological characteristic. Our results were consistent with previous reports, and might reflect the real epidemiology status in China.

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DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF OPHTHALMOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION IN PATIENTS WITH BRAIN TUMORS

Likarska sprava ◽

10.31640/jvd.3-4.2020(6) ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 36-41

Author(s):

Keneshbek Yrysov ◽

Mitalip Mamytov ◽

Eliza Alik kyzy

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Brain Tumors ◽

Optic Disc ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Benign Intracranial Hypertension ◽

Kyrgyz Republic ◽

Visual Disorders ◽

The Brain

The objective of the work was an accentuation of clinical appearances of pathogenesis of congestive optic disc as a basis for improving their diagnosis. Material and methods. This work based on the analysis of ophthalmological symptoms in 169 patients with brain tumors that underwent neurosurgical tumor surgery at Neurosurgical Clinic of National Hospital (Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic) from 2014 to 2019. Patient’s age varied from 14 years to 67 years old, medium age was 34 years. The number of male was 63, and the number of female was 106. All patients were examined by using neurological investigation, MRI of the brain before surgery and MRI/CT after surgery. Benign tumors have been identified in 56 patients and malignant tumors in 50 patients. Glial brain tumors identified in most cases (49 patients). Results. We could investigate visual function of 55 (93 %) patients out of 169 patients with congestive optic disc caused by large appearances in the brain. 46 (27.4 %) of patients out of 169 had reduced visual acuity caused by congestive optic disc. Meanwhile 22 (13.1 %) patients had acuity in both eyes by 1.0; 6 (3.3 %) patients had a blind or a partially blind eye, whereas the reduction of visual acuity was in another eye; additionally 7 (4 %) patients were blind or nearly blind in both eyes. Conclusion. The frequency and severity of visual disorders in congestive optic disc depend on the congestive optic disc stages. The stage of severe congestive optic disc and other already existing visual disorders are prognostically unfavorable for visual functions of patients with congestive optic disc. The terms of congestive optic disc regression depend on the methods of treatment. Congestive optic disc regression is occurring slowly (from 1 month to 3 years) when the medicamental therapy is used for patients with benign intracranial hypertension. Surgical or bypass removal of the large appearance of liquor system of congestive optic disc regression is much faster (1 to 1.5 months).

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Thioredoxin, Glutathione and Related Molecules in Tumors of the Nervous System

Current Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/0929867326666190201113004 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (12) ◽

pp. 1878-1900 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Vasco Branco ◽

José Pimentel ◽

Maria Alexandra Brito ◽

Cristina Carvalho

Keyword(s):

Nervous System ◽

Brain Tumor ◽

Brain Tumors ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Tumor Biology ◽

Antioxidant Systems ◽

Ros Scavenging ◽

Survival Prognosis ◽

Primary Tumors

Background: Central Nervous System (CNS) tumors have a poor survival prognosis due to their invasive and heterogeneous nature, in addition to the resistance to multiple treatments. Objective: In this paper, the main aspects of brain tumor biology and pathogenesis are reviewed both for primary tumors of the brain, (i.e., gliomas) and for metastasis from other malignant tumors, namely lung cancer, breast cancer and malignant melanoma which account for a high percentage of overall malignant brain tumors. We review the role of antioxidant systems, namely the thioredoxin and glutathione systems, in the genesis and/or progression of brain tumors. Methods: Although overexpression of Thioredoxin Reductase (TrxR) and Thioredoxin (Trx) is often linked to increased malignancy rate of brain tumors, and higher expression of Glutathione (GSH) and Glutathione S-Transferases (GST) are associated to resistance to therapy, several knowledge gaps still exist regarding for example, the role of Peroxiredoxins (Prx), and Glutaredoxins (Grx). Conclusion: Due to their central role in redox homeostasis and ROS scavenging, redox systems are potential targets for new antitumorals and examples of innovative therapeutics aiming at improving success rates in brain tumor treatment are discussed.

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NI-03 USEFULNESS OF IMP-SPECT IN PREOPERATIVE GRADE EVALUATION OF INTRAORBITAL TUMOR

Neuro-Oncology Advances ◽

10.1093/noajnl/vdz039.116 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. ii26-ii26

Author(s):

Shinichi Okonogi ◽

Shuuhei Kubota ◽

Yuuki Sakaeyama ◽

Keita Ueda ◽

Masaaki Nemoto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Brain Tumors ◽

Malignant Tumor ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Medical Testing ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Adenoid Cystic ◽

Normal Ratio ◽

Early Image

Abstract INTRODUCTION The frequency of intraorbital tumors is small as 0.9% of all brain tumors, but its pathological type is diverse. Among them, the diagnosis of whether particularly malignant tumor scan clinically, is extremely important. Nuclear medical testing is essential for non-invasive differential diagnosis in brain tumors. SPECT, good malignancy differentiation, evaluation of malignancy, usefulness such as differentiation of non-tumorous lesions have been reported many. However, there are few reports that SPECT was useful in preoperative differential diagnosis of orbital tumors. Since 123IMP-SPECT was useful in preoperative differential diagnosis of intraorbital tumors, we report some literature considerations. METHOD Among the 27 cases of intraorbital tumors that were operated on in our clinic between August 2005 and August 2016, 14 cases of SPECT prior to surgery were examined for the usefulness of preoperative differential diagnosis. Breakdown of cases, as the malignant tumor, two cases of malignant lymphoma, MALT lymphoma 2 cases, adenoid cystic carcinoma 1 case, in one case plasma cytoma, as a benign tumor, false tumors 4 cases, three hemangioma cases, neurocytoma 1 case it was. RESULTS In IMP early image, accumulation of clear IMP was observed in all six cases of malignant tumors. In benign tumors, there is no accumulation in hemangioma and neurosheath, there is a strong accumulation in one of the four cases in false tumors, it was observed mild accumulation in the remaining two cases. Tumor to normal ratio of IMP early image was an average of 2.39 in six malignant tumors and 1.52 in 8 benign tumors. CONCLUSION This time, we examined the usefulness of 123IMP-SPECT in preoperative differential diagnosis of intraorbital tumors. The T/N ratio of intraorbital malignant tumors is higher than benign tumors, and it was thought to help to evaluate preoperative malignancy of intraorbital tumors.

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Differences between antioxidant defense parameters and specific trace element concentrations in healthy, benign, and malignant brain tissues

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-94302-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Slavica Borković-Mitić ◽

Aleksandar Stojsavljević ◽

Ljiljana Vujotić ◽

Siniša Matić ◽

Bojan Mitić ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Trace Elements ◽

Brain Tumors ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Cell Metabolism ◽

Principal Component ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Malignant Brain Tumors ◽

The Impact ◽

Brain Tissues

AbstractThere are only a few reports examining the impact of oxidative stress in patients with benign and malignant brain tumors. In this study we investigated whether there are changes in antioxidant system (AOS) parameters and key trace elements between control, benign and malignant brain tissues. The study also aimed to examine correlations between the analyzed parameters. The study enrolled both types of brain tumors, benign tumors (BT) and malignant tumors (MT). The results were compared with control tissue (CT) without tumor infiltration collected from patients with BT. The following antioxidant parameters were determined: activities of total, manganese-containing, and copper/zinc-containing superoxide dismutase (TotSOD, MnSOD and CuZnSOD), activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, glutathione reductase and acetylcholine esterase (AChE), the concentrations of glutathione and sulfhydryl groups and of manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and selenium (Se). BT and MT had altered activities/levels of multiple AOS parameters as compared to CT, indicating that tumor cells had an altered cell metabolism and changes in AOS represent adaptive response to increased oxidative stress. Low MnSOD and AChE and high GST activities were significant for distinguishing between MT and CT. Malignant tissue was also characterized by lower Mn and Cu concentrations relative to CT and BT. Principal Component Analysis clearly discriminated BT from CT and MT (PC1, 66.97%), while PC2 clearly discriminated CT from BT and MT (33.03%). Most correlative relationships were associated with Se in the BT group and Cu in the MT group. The results of this study reveal differences between the AOS parameters and the essential trace elements between the analyzed groups. The observed dysregulations show that oxidative stress could have an important role in disrupting brain homeostasis and its presence in the pathogenesis of benign and malignant brain tumors.

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Plasminogen activator activity and molecular weight patterns in human brain tumors

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/jns.1988.68.1.0073 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 68 (1) ◽

pp. 73-79 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Raymond Sawaya ◽

Robert Highsmith

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Brain Tumor ◽

Brain Tumors ◽

Human Brain ◽

Plasminogen Activator ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Normal Brain ◽

Human Brain Tumor ◽

Content Type

✓ Fresh human brain-tumor samples were assayed for their plasminogen activator (PA) content. Specific molecular weight patterns were identified for each of five common brain tumors and for normal brain, suggesting a cell-specific origin of the various PA forms. Malignant tumors contained higher PA activity and a larger number of molecular weight patterns than benign tumors, with the exception of acoustic neurinomas. Irradiated tumors contained lower PA activity than nonirradiated tumors. Finally, a slight but definite correlation between brain edema and PA activity was detected. The future role of brain-tumor PA's for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes is discussed.

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