Experience of Implementing Moisture Sorption Control in Historical Archives

This paper deals with a novel approach to inhibiting the harmful impact of moisture sorption in old art works and historical exhibits preserved in remote historic buildings that are in use as depositories or exhibition rooms for cultural heritage collections. It is a sequel to the previous work presented in [2], where the principle of moisture sorption stabilization was explained. Sorption isotherm investigations and EMC control implementation in historical buildings not provided with heating are the main concern in this paper. The proposed microclimate adjustment consists in leaving the interior temperature to run almost its spontaneous yearly cycle, while the air humidity is maintained in a specific relationship to the current interior temperature. The interior air humidity is modestly adjusted to protect historical exhibits and art works from harmful variations in the content of absorbed moisture, which would otherwise arise owing to the interior temperature drifts. Since direct measurements of moisture content are not feasible, the air humidity is controlled via a model-based principle. Two long-term implementations of the proposed microclimate control have already proved that it can permanently maintain a constant moisture content in the preserved exhibits.

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Model Based Control of Moisture Sorption in a Historical Interior

Acta Polytechnica ◽

10.14311/726 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 45 (4) ◽

Author(s):

P. Zítek ◽

T. Vyhlídal

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Moisture Sorption ◽

Point Of View ◽

Historical Buildings ◽

Air Humidity ◽

Preventive Conservation ◽

Model Based Control ◽

Yearly Cycle ◽

Model Based ◽

The Impact

This paper deals with a novel scheme for microclimate control in historical exhibition rooms, inhibiting moisture sorption phenomena that are inadmissible from the preventive conservation point of view. The impact of air humidity is the most significant harmful exposure for a great deal of the cultural heritage deposited in remote historical buildings. Leaving the interior temperature to run almost its spontaneous yearly cycle, the proposed non-linear model-based control protects exhibits from harmful variations in moisture content by compensating the temperature drifts with an adequate adjustment of the air humidity. Already implemented in a medieval interior since 1999, the proposed microclimate control has proved capable of permanently maintaining constant a desirable moisture content in organic or porous materials in the interior of a building.

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Examination of moisture content variation within an operational wet deck

TAPPI Journal ◽

10.32964/tj12.1.45 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 45-50 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

LAURENCE SCHIMLECK ◽

KIM LOVE-MYERS ◽

JOE SANDERS ◽

HEATH RAYBON ◽

RICHARD DANIELS ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Southeastern United States ◽

Forest Products ◽

Time Domain Reflectometry ◽

Water Application ◽

Wood Moisture ◽

International Paper ◽

Content Variation ◽

Moisture Variation

Many forest products companies in the southeastern United States store large volumes of roundwood under wet storage. Log quality depends on maintaining a high and constant wood moisture content; however, limited knowledge exists regarding moisture variation within individual logs, and within wet decks as a whole, making it impossible to recommend appropriate water application strategies. To better understand moisture variation within a wet deck, time domain reflectometry (TDR) was used to monitor the moisture variation of 30 southern pine logs over an 11-week period for a wet deck at the International Paper McBean woodyard. Three 125 mm long TDR probes were inserted into each log (before the deck was built) at 3, 4.5, and 7.5 m from the butt. The position of each log within the stack was also recorded. Mixed-effects analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to examine moisture variation over the study period. Moisture content varied within the log, while position within the stack was generally not significant. The performance of the TDR probes was consistent throughout the study, indicating that they would be suitable for long term (e.g., 12 months) monitoring.

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Possibilities of Decreasing Hygroscopicity of Resonance Wood Used in Piano Soundboards Using Thermal Treatment

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11020475 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 475

Author(s):

Petr Zatloukal ◽

Pavlína Suchomelová ◽

Jakub Dömény ◽

Tadeáš Doskočil ◽

Ginevra Manzo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Conversion Efficiency ◽

Dynamic Modulus ◽

Moisture Sorption ◽

Acoustical Properties ◽

Longitudinal Dynamic ◽

Moisture Content Level ◽

Longitudinal Sound Velocity ◽

Tan Δ ◽

Resonance Wood

This article presents the possibilities of decreasing moisture sorption properties via thermal modification of Norway spruce wood in musical instruments. The 202 resonance wood specimens that were used to produce piano soundboards have been conditioned and divided into three density groups. The first specimen group had natural untreated properties, the second was thermally treated at 180 °C, and the third group was treated at 200 °C. All specimens were isothermally conditioned at 20 °C with relative humidity values of 40, 60, and 80%. The equilibrium moisture content (EMC), swelling, and acoustical properties, such as the longitudinal dynamic modulus (E’L), bending dynamic modulus (Eb), damping coefficient (tan δ), acoustic conversion efficiency (ACEL), and relative acoustic conversion efficiency (RACEL) were evaluated on every moisture content level. Treatment at 180 °C caused the EMC to decrease by 36% and the volume swelling to decrease by 9.9%. Treatment at 200 °C decreased the EMC by 42% and the swelling by 39.6%. The 180 °C treatment decreased the value of the longitudinal sound velocity by 1.6%, whereas the treatment at 200 °C increased the velocity by 2.1%. The acoustical properties EL′, Eb, ACEL, and RACEL were lower due to the higher moisture content of the samples, and only the tanδ increased. Although both treatments significantly affected the swelling and EMC, the treatment at 180 °C did not significantly affect the acoustical properties.

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Development of a Performance-Related Framework for Asphalt Mixture Design for the Illinois Tollway

Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board ◽

10.1177/03611981211014886 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 036119812110148

Author(s):

Behnam Jahangiri ◽

Punyaslok Rath ◽

Hamed Majidifard ◽

William G. Buttlar

Keyword(s):

Asphalt Mixture ◽

Field Performance ◽

Compact Tension ◽

T Test ◽

Novel Approach ◽

Final Adjustment ◽

Development And Validation ◽

High Degree ◽

Selection Of

Various agencies have begun to research and introduce performance-related specifications (PRS) for the design of modern asphalt paving mixtures. The focus of most recent studies has been directed toward simplified cracking test development and evaluation. In some cases, development and validation of PRS has been performed, building on these new tests, often by comparison of test values to accelerated pavement test studies and/or to limited field data. This study describes the findings of a comprehensive research project conducted at Illinois Tollway, leading to a PRS for the design of mainline and shoulder asphalt mixtures. A novel approach was developed, involving the systematic establishment of specification requirements based on: 1) selection of baseline values based on minimally acceptable field performance thresholds; 2) elevation of thresholds to account for differences between short-term lab aging and expected long-term field aging; 3) further elevation of thresholds to account for variability in lab testing, plus variability in the testing of field cores; and 4) final adjustment and rounding of thresholds based on a consensus process. After a thorough evaluation of different candidate cracking tests in the course of the project, the Disk-shaped Compact Tension—DC(T)—test was chosen to be retained in the Illinois Tollway PRS and to be presented in this study for the design of crack-resistant mixtures. The DC(T) test was selected because of its high degree of correlation with field results and its excellent repeatability. Tailored Hamburg rut depth and stripping inflection point thresholds were also established for mainline and shoulder mixes.

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A Novel Approach Towards Cementing Design Achieved Significant Improvement in Long Term Zonal Isolation

10.2118/197458-ms ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Ala Suleiman ◽

Bashar Hilal ◽

Phalgun Paila ◽

Sahir Abdelhadi ◽

Khalid Alwahedi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Novel Approach ◽

Zonal Isolation

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Stability of graphene-based heterojunction solar cells

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c5ra11771b ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (90) ◽

pp. 73575-73600 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

Eric Singh ◽

Hari Singh Nalwa

Keyword(s):

Solar Cells ◽

Environmental Stability ◽

Light Illumination ◽

Atmospheric Conditions ◽

Air Humidity ◽

Heterojunction Solar Cells ◽

Commercial Applications

The long-term environmental stability and degradation of graphene-based heterojunction solar cells under different atmospheric conditions such as air, humidity, temperature, and light illumination for commercial applications are discussed.

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Stabilisation of Hg1-xCdxTe:Hg1-yCdyTex ≠ y) Heterointerfaces and Applications in Infra Red Devices

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-216-135 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 216 ◽

Author(s):

Paul A. Clifton ◽

Paul D. Brown

Keyword(s):

Barrier Layer ◽

Epitaxial Layers ◽

Long Wavelength ◽

Long Term Stability ◽

Novel Approach ◽

Infra Red ◽

Passivation Layers ◽

Cdte Buffer ◽

Initial Results

ABSTRACTThe interface between Hg1-xCdxTe(0 ≦ x ≦ 1) and Hg1-yCdyTe(0 ≦ y ≦ 1) epitaxial layers of different composition (x ≠ y) is unstable with regard to the intermixing of the Hg and Cd cations within the Group II sublattice. This phenomenon may give rise to long-term stability problems in HgTe-(Hg,Cd)Te superlattices and composition grading between (Hg,Cd)Te absorber layers and CdTe buffer or passivation layers in epitaxial infra red detectors. In this paper, a novel approach to the inhibition of interdiffusion in these systems is discussed. This involves the growth of an intervening ZnTe barrier layer at the heterointerface between two (Hg,Cd)Te layers. Initial results are presented which indicate the effectiveness of this technique in reducing interdiffusion in an experimental heterostructure grown by MOVPE. Some possible applications in a variety of HgTe-based long wavelength devices are discussed.

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