scholarly journals Determination of Transmittance of IR Windows made of CaF2 within Operational Temperatures of Electric Devices

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Dziarski ◽  
Arkadiusz Hulewicz
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Measurement ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Ir Radiation ◽  
Camera Lens ◽  
Electric Device ◽  
Literary Sources

The article presents summaries of works which have resulted in the presentation of a formula making it possible to determine an approximate transmittance of an IR window used in thermographic measurements of electric device temperatures. The equation was formulated after analysing components of the IR radiation reaching the camera lens in case when an IR window was not used and when an IR window was used. Conditions prevailing in course of the thermographic temperature measurement of electric devices contained in the switchgear were recreated in the performance of the works. The measurement system which was used in the experiment has been presented. Components of the IR radiation reaching the camera lens in case when the IR window was used and when the IR window was not used have been discussed. The obtained transmittance results of windows VPFR-75 FRK100-CL have been compared against data from literary sources.

scholarly journals Uncertainty of Thermographic Temperature Measurement of Electric Units Contained in Switchgear

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Dziarski ◽  
Arkadiusz Hulewicz
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Measurement ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Infrared Radiation ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Uncertainty Budget ◽  
Determination Method ◽  
Type B ◽  
European Accreditation ◽  
Camera Lens ◽  
Uncertainty Determination

The result of the works presented is the uncertainty budget of a thermographic temperature measurement taken through an IR window. The type B uncertainty determination method has been employed. Publication of European Accreditation EA-4/02 has been patterned. Conditions prevailing in course of the thermographic temperature measurement of low-voltage electric units contained in the switchgear were recreated as part of the works. The measurement system has been presented. Components of the infrared radiation reaching the camera lens in case when an IR window was used and when an IR window was not used have been discussed. Uncertainties estimated for the measurement done with an IR window and without an IR window have been compared.

Determination of cores electrification during the flow in the modified Wurster apparatus

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (20) ◽  
pp. 5-15
Author(s):  
Wojciech Ludwig ◽  
Tadeusz Mączka
Keyword(s):  
Measurement System ◽  
Charge Accumulation ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Pharmaceutical Materials

The purpose of this paper was presentation of the value of cores electrification during their flow in the modified Wurster apparatus, applied for dry encapsulation of pharmaceutical materials. Previous works of the authors dealt with vulnerability of the particles of different diameter, produced by SYNTAPHARM (Cellets 1000, 700 and 100) on electrification in laboratory conditions. The presented work gives the results of examination on particles electrification in real conditions of their stable circulation in a column. The measurement system, that was applied, allowed determination of electrification potential and electrification current. Those quantities, which are the measures of charge accumulation on cores were determined for several particles (Cellets 1000, 700 and 500) with the different humidity, for different mass of the bed and spouting gas velocities.

scholarly journals Apply IOT technology to practice a pandemic prevention body temperature measurement system: A case study of response measures for COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 155014772110181
Author(s):  
Wei-Ling Lin ◽  
Chun-Hung Hsieh ◽  
Tung-Shou Chen ◽  
Jeanne Chen ◽  
Jian-Le Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Temperature Measurement ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Disease Surveillance System ◽  
Temperature Detection ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Body Temperature Measurement ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Temperature Measurement System

Today, the most serious threat to global health is the continuous outbreak of respiratory diseases, which is called Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). The outbreak of COVID-19 has brought severe challenges to public health and has attracted great attention from the research and medical communities. Most patients infected with COVID-19 will have fever. Therefore, the monitoring of body temperature has become one of the most important basis for pandemic prevention and testing. Among them, the measurement of body temperature is the most direct through the Forehead Thermometer, but the measurement speed is relatively slow. The cost of fast-checking body temperature measurement equipment, such as infrared body temperature detection and face recognition temperature machine, is too high, and it is difficult to build Disease Surveillance System (DSS). To solve the above-mentioned problems, the Intelligent pandemic prevention Temperature Measurement System (ITMS) and Pandemic Prevention situation Analysis System (PPAS) are proposed in this study. ITMS is used to detect body temperature. However, PPAS uses big data analysis techniques to prevent pandemics. In this study, the campus field is used as an example, in which ITMS and PPAS are used. In the research, Proof of Concept (PoC), Proof of Service (PoS), and Proof of Business (PoB) were carried out for the use of ITMS and PPAS in the campus area. From the verification, it can be seen that ITMS and PPAS can be successfully used in campus fields and are widely recognized by users. Through the verification of this research, it can be determined that ITMS and PPAS are indeed feasible and capable of dissemination. The ITMS and PPAS are expected to give full play to their functions during the spread of pandemics. All in all, the results of this research will provide a wide range of applied thinking for people who are committed to the development of science and technology.

Methodology of Estimation of Fire Separation Distances between Construction Facilities by Calculation

2020 ◽  
Vol 1006 ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
Vadym Nizhnyk ◽  
Yurii Feshchuk ◽  
Volodymyr Borovykov
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Heat Flux ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Ignition Temperature ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Fire Load ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Tabular Method

Based on analysis of appropriate literary sources we established that estimation of fire separation distances was based of two criteria: heat flux and temperature. We proposed to use “ignition temperature of materials” as principal criterion when determining fire separation distances between adjacent construction facilities. Based on the results derived while performing complete factorial we created mathematical model to describe trend of changing fire separation distances depending on caloric power of fire load (Q), openings factor of the external enclosing structures (k) and duration of irradiation (t); moreover, its adequacy was confirmed. Based on linear regression equations we substantiated calculation and tabular method for the determination of fire separation distances for a facility being irradiated which contains combustible or otherwise non-combustible façade and a facility where liquid oil products turn. We developed and proposed general methodology for estimation of fire separation distances between construction facilities by calculation.

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