FEATURES OF USING A TWO-DIMENSIONAL BARCODE FOR CLASSIFYING THE PERSONALITY OF A PRISONER: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE APPLICATION IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND FOREIGN COUNTRIES

В настоящее время набирает популярность использование на территории организаций, аэропортов и в других сферах, в том числе в исправительных учреждениях Российской Федерации (далее - ИУ РФ) и зарубежных стран двухмерного штрих-кода для передачи информации. Безусловно, применение данного штрих-кода в биометрической идентификации личности имеет огромное преимущество перед осуществлением аналогичной деятельности непосредственно сотрудниками уголовно-исполнительной системы Российской Федерации (далее - УИС), которое выражается в усиленном контроле пропуска и безопасности сотрудников и осужденных от несанкционированного прохода посторонних лиц. Биометрическая идентификация личности производится путем сканирования сетчатки глаза, отпечатков пальцев, сканирования биометрии лица, измерения температуры тела и распознавания голоса. Однако даже такая современная система имеет определенные недостатки, выявленные специалистами в сфере инженерно-технического обеспечения, которым посвящен ряд научных работ, рассмотренных в данной статье. Также авторами проанализированы основные разновидности 2D-кодов, такие как Stackedlinear и Matrixcode. Отмечается, что 2D-кодировка применяется во многих отраслях: при производстве, транспортировке грузов, идентификации личности, шифровки данных документов и отчетов, проведении инвентаризации. Nowadays using a two-dimensional barcode for transmitting information becomes more popular in the territory of organizations, airports, and in other spheres such as correctional facilities of the Russian Federation (hereinafter - CF RF) and in abroad counties. Undoubtedly, the application of this barcode in biomedical identification of personality has a huge advantage over similar activities, which has been realized by penal officers (hereinafter - FPS ). This dignity includes enhanced control and safety of employees and convicts from an unauthorized passage of unauthorized persons. Biometric identification of personality conducted by retinal scan, fingerprint scan, facial biometrics scan, body temperature measurement, and voice recognition. However, even such a system has several disadvantages, which were identified by engendering specialists. Lots of scientific works are dedicated to these flaws, which we are going to consider in the article. Also the main varieties of 2D codes were analysed in this article, such as Stackedlinear and Matrixcode. It was found out that 2D coding is used in many different industries: in the process of production, transportation of goods, person identification, encryption of these documents and reports, inventory.

SOI Waveguide Bragg Grating Photonic Sensor for Human Body Temperature Measurement Based on Photonic Integrated Interrogator

A waveguide Bragg grating (WBG) provides a flexible way for measurement, and it could even be used to measure body temperature like e-skin. We designed and compared three structures of WBG with the grating period, etching depth, and duty cycle. The two-sided WBG was fabricated. An experimental platform based on photonic integrated interrogator was set up and the experiment on the two-sided WBG was performed. Results show that the two-sided WBG can be used to measure temperature changes over the range of 35–42 °C, with a temperature measurement error of 0.1 °C. This approach has the potential to facilitate application of such a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) WBG photonic sensor to wearable technology and realize the measurement of human temperature.

Investigation of Non-invasive Continuous Body Temperature Measurements in a Clinical Setting Using an Adhesive Axillary Thermometer (SteadyTemp®)

Since the human body reacts to a variety of different diseases with elevated body temperature, measurement of body temperature remains relevant in clinical practice. The absolute temperature value for fever definition is still arbitrary and depends on the measuring site, as well as underlying disease and individual factors. Hence, a simple threshold for fever definition is outdated and a definition which relies on the relative changes in the individual seems reasonable as it takes these individual factors into account. In this prospective multicentric study we validate an adhesive axillary thermometer (SteadyTemp®) which allows continuous non-invasive temperature measurements. It consists of a patch to measure temperature and a smartphone application to process and visualize gathered data. This article provides information of the new diagnostic possibilities when using this wearable device and where it could be beneficial. Furthermore, it discusses how to interpret the generated data and when it is not practical to use, based on its characteristics and physiological phenomena.

CLOUD-BASED TEMPERATURE MONITORING MECHANISM FOR COVID-19 PANDEMIC TRACKING

The unprecedented outbreak of novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) globally has a huge impact to our daily life in numerous ways. To effectively minimize the spread of the virus, early symptom detection is crucial, especially in closed environment with high human traffic areas which post higher chances of human-to-human transmission. Body temperature measurement has been identified among the vital monitoring parameters. However, current available temperature monitoring mechanism is costly, limited to single individual and limited to locally without integrating to cloud and database. This led to difficulty in effective surveillance for suspicious COVID cases. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to introduce an end-to-end Internet of Things-enabled application for thermal monitoring as an early signal detection and screening method. This work integrates Raspberry Pi, thermal sensor, LCD display, buzzer, and LED light with Raspbian and Restful API for device-to-cloud communication. The system implemented is capable for user identification, body temperature remote monitoring and warning signal for fever symptoms. The result of this real-time system is capable to detect and screen the suspected contagious person in an organization effectively. Future works on integrating face recognition with machine learning and artificial intelligent enhancement.

Accuracy of non-invasive body temperature measurement methods in critically ill patients: a prospective, bicentric, observational study

Objective: The accuracy of different non-invasive body temperature measurement methods in intensive care unit (ICU) patients is uncertain. We aimed to study the accuracy of three commonly used methods. Design: Prospective observational study. Setting: ICUs of two tertiary Australian hospitals. Participants: Critically ill patients admitted to the ICU. Interventions: Invasive (intravascular and intra-urinary bladder catheter) and non-invasive (axillary chemical dot, tympanic infrared, and temporal scanner) body temperature measurements were taken at study inclusion and every 4 hours for the following 72 hours. Main outcome measures: Accuracy of non-invasive body temperature measurement methods was assessed by the Bland–Altman approach, accounting for repeated measurements and significant explanatory variables that were identified by regression analysis. Clinical adequacy was set at limits of agreement (LoA) of 1C compared with core temperature. Results: We studied 50 consecutive critically ill patients who were mainly admitted to the ICU after cardiac surgery. From over 375 observations, invasive core temperature (mostly pulmonary artery catheter) ranged from 33.9C to 39C. On average, the LoA between invasive and non-invasive measurements methods were about 3C. The temporal scanner showed the worst performance in estimating core temperature (bias, 0.66C; LoA, 1.23C, +2.55C), followed by tympanic infrared (bias, 0.44C; LoA, 1.73C, +2.61C) and axillary chemical dot methods (bias, 0.32°C; LoA, 1.64C, +2.28C). No methods achieved clinical adequacy even accounting for significant explanatory variables. Conclusions: The axillary chemical dot, tympanic infrared and temporal scanner methods are inaccurate measures of core temperature in ICU patients. These non-invasive methods appeared unreliable for use in ICU patients.

Perceived Importance of Pandemic Interventions for Attending Cultural Events – Findings From Germany

BackgroundDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, many cultural and sporting events were held without spectators or had to be cancelled. Therefore, several containment strategies to provide requirements for safe events were developed and tested. Nonetheless, every second (50.7%) is afraid of becoming infected on an event. We therefore investigated which hygiene and containment measures are seen to be important from the visitor’s point of view and thus might increase subjective sense of safety.Methods This online study was carried out in November 2020. A total of 1,004 persons, who regularly attended events before the pandemic, took part in the study. The importance of different hygiene and containment measures was evaluated using 5-point Likert-scale (1 “unimportant” to 5 “extremely important”). Potential statistical differences in socio-demographical aspects (age, gender, net disposable income for leisure activities) and attendance on events were tested with analyses of variance. ResultsParticipants reported the use of disinfectant (M = 4.10) as the most important element of containment strategies, followed by transparent information on the hygiene strategy (M = 4.00), reduced occupancy (M = 3.98), and optimized ventilation (M = 3.97). Body temperature measurement at the entrance (M = 3.27), a negative COVID-19 test (M = 3.11), completion of a health questionnaire (M = 3.05), and abandoning breaks and catering (M = 2.98) were considered as less important.Analyses of group differences in socio-demographical aspects found abandoning breaks and catering to be more important to men than to women. This strategy is also more important to people aged 66 and above than to younger age groups. For women, the use of disinfectant is considerably more important. No other significant differences exist.ConclusionCombining relevant measures appears to be important to provide a safe containment strategy. Measures aimed at positively influencing people’s sense of safety do not fully correspond to medical knowledge of effectiveness. There are also target group-specific differences in the rating of measures, which should be considered while preparing containment strategies. To describe the dynamic development of changes in subjective rating of containment strategies, continuing research is needed.

Contactless Human Body Temperature Measurement and Sanitization

The design and working of Contactless Human Body Temperature and Sanitization is presented in this study. The system is intended to help prevent the spread of COVID-19 infection and assist in maintaining and/or improving community health and reducing the negative impact of the infection on the economy and society. We have used Proteus Design Suit & Arduino IDE software platform with simulating & programming the product algorithm and we are using Arduino Uno, MLX90614 sensor, Ultrasonic Sensors, IR Sensor , Buzzer and DC motor. The objectives of this work is to have a system consisting two sub-systems, the temperature sensor and the sanitizer sprayer, which is controlled from a common microcontroller and by design, can operate simultaneously. The design and development of the system go through the following methodology: System Specification, Literature Survey, Control System Design, Hardware Prototype Development, Results. Based on data obtained from tests made on the built prototype, a reiteration of the above steps is carried out where the control system (software logic) and parameters are adjusted so that they meet the specified performance for the system. The final test results are recorded and it does the temperature monitoring and on disinfecting the hands as expected. Photos of the Schematic and the prototype model ,and the flowchart on which the Arduino script is developed are shown. The non-contact sensor feature for both the recording of body temperature and the spraying of sanitizer provided by our model precludes the possible viral transmission from using traditional thermometers, readers handheld IR thermometer operators and avoids transmission between person to person.