scholarly journals Form, Content, and Space: Methodological Challenges in the Study of Medieval and Early Modern European Graffiti

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mia Gaia Trentin
Keyword(s):  
Visual Culture ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Digital Environment ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Social Culture ◽  
Fields Of Study ◽  
Recent Debate ◽  
Final Interpretation

Scholars of variousdisciplines have focused their attention on European Medieval and Early Modern graffitiduring the last decade, thus confirming and reinforcing the value of thispeculiar written evidence. Their contributions demonstrate that graffiti canoffer valuable information to different fields of study (e.g. shipbuilding,palaeography, history, social culture, and visual culture) through a glimpseinto past daily life. Due to their nature, graffiti present a completely freegraphic expression, which may appear in either textual or pictorial forms, orboth. This characteristic makes their study rather challenging due to the twodifferent mechanisms of communication they employ. In the case of textualgraffiti, the content is transmitted through linguistic codification, whilepictorial graffiti require a decoding process that is more complex andarticulated. The first challenge, though, is to find a way to record andcompare both evidence on the same graphic and verbal levels.  Furthermore, as for any other epigraphicevidence, the graffiti analysis must take into account the writing surfaces andthe context, two elements that are fundamental for the final interpretation ofthis source. This paper will address these methodological issues concerning thepreliminary phase of graffiti documentation and classification/cataloguing. Thestarting point has been the recent debate and application of FAIR dataprinciples in the field of Humanities, which aim to create quality data, easilyexchanged in a digital environment, fostering knowledge in the field. Sincethis approach has not yet been applied to graffiti studies, the paper aims tostimulate a dialogue on innovative and objective methodological approacheswithin the researchers’ community.

International Archival Auditing and Assurance Research: Trends, Methodological Issues, and Opportunities

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Simnett ◽  
Elizabeth Carson ◽  
Ann Vanstraelen
Keyword(s):  
Audit Quality ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Support Evidence

SUMMARY We present a comprehensive review of the 130 international archival auditing and assurance research articles that were published in eight leading accounting and auditing journals for 1995–2014. In order to support evidence-based international standard setting and regulation, and to identify what has been learned to date, we map this research to the International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board's (IAASB) Framework for Audit Quality. For the areas that have been well researched, we provide a summary of the findings and outline how they can inform standard setters and regulators. We also observe a significant evolution in international archival research over the 20 years of our study, as evidenced by the measures of audit quality, data sources used, and approaches used to address endogeneity concerns. Finally, we identify some challenges in undertaking international archival auditing and assurance research and identify opportunities for future research. Our review is of interest to researchers, practitioners, and standard setters/regulators involved in international auditing and assurance activities.

Time Goes on Crutches till Love Have All His Rites

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Tutino
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Western Culture ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Legal Contract

The last three chapters of this book present specific case studies showing concrete examples of the issues to which probabilism was applied. These chapters bring the theoretical and theological discussions on probabilism into the daily life of early modern men and women, and they demonstrate the fundamental role probabilism assumed in early modern Western culture. This chapter focuses on the question of the validity of East Asian marriages, which were institutionally, legally, and culturally very different from the European West. As Catholic missionaries and theologians confronted these differences, they found probabilism immensely useful for rethinking, updating, and adapting to this new context traditional notions concerning the nature of marriage both as a sacrament and as a legal contract.

After Luther: Visual Culture, Materiality and the Legacy of 1517

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
JENNIFER SPINKS
Keyword(s):  
Visual Culture ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Public Engagement ◽  
Religious Identity ◽  
Visual Images ◽  
Important Work ◽  
Religious Identities ◽  
Public Activity ◽  
Material Turn ◽  
The Impact

Do historians look at Luther and the Lutheran Reformation differently in the aftermath of the Lutherjahr of 2017, and its frenzy of academic and public activity? As recent publications on Luther demonstrate – notably Lyndal Roper's 2016 biography Martin Luther: renegade and prophet – there is a still a great deal to say about Luther, and how his friendships, passions, prejudices and physical experiences shaped him. But while Luther was the monumental public figure of 2017, some of the most important work coinciding with the anniversary addressed instead Lutheranism as a movement, and the nature of religious identities in Luther's aftermath. It also demonstrated and furthered the impact of the visual and material turn in history and in Reformation studies. Building upon decades of scholarship on Lutheran visual images, recent Reformation scholarship has demonstrated in increasing depth how religious identity can and should be read through both material and visual culture. The three publications examined here – a monograph by Bridget Heal, a website by Brian Cummings, Ceri Law, Bronwyn Wallace and Alexandra Walsham, and the exhibition catalogue Luther! 95 treasures – 95 people – contribute to the material, sensory turn in Reformation and early modern scholarship, and in the latter two cases also reveal the impact of this upon public engagement with Reformation histories.

Hidden Secrets or the Mysteries of Daily Life. Hebrew Entries in the Journal Books of the Early Modern Astronomer Gottfried Kirch

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-168
Author(s):  
Sebastian Kühn ◽  
Bill Rebiger
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Academic Discourse ◽  
Astronomical Data

Abstract In the astronomical journal books written in German of Gottfried Kirch (1639–1710), a Christian astronomer and publisher with close connections to Pietists, several entries in Hebrew script are striking. In fact, it is not Hebrew or Yiddish but German in Hebrew characters. There is no doubt that the transcription follows more or less an orthography known from Yiddish. Since the content of these entries is rather banal and reflects daily life, it is possible that they are nothing but a kind of scholarly joke, a private pleasure, and practice of scholarly skills. While these private notes were not capable of academic discourse, perhaps Kirch playfully tried to enhance their status by using an uncommon script in contrast to the astronomical data. In this way, it was possible to cover over the triviality of daily life by a veil of mystery by transcribing it in Hebrew characters.

Social Encounters and Self-Image in the Age of Enlightenment: Norbert Elias in Eighteenth-Century French Cultural Historiography1

2002 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-51
Author(s):  
Gregory Brown
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Small Groups ◽  
Symbolic Interaction ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Norbert Elias ◽  
History And Literature ◽  
Recent Debate ◽  
Social Encounters ◽  
Entire Society

AbstractThis paper advances the recent debate among early modern French historians on the application of Norbert Elias by discussing how his approach to the problem of social encounters among individual members of a community can be applied to seventeenth-and eighteenth-century France. Drawing on various examples from history and literature, the article argues that Elias's approach holds much potential for this field, because it conceives social encounters and individual identities as forms of symbolic interaction through which patterns of inequality are reproduced among small groups and then replicated across the entire society.

Making a Difference: Sartorial Practices and Social Order in Eighteenth-Century Sweden

Costume ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikael Alm
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Visual Culture ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Social Hierarchies ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Late Eighteenth Century ◽  
The Social ◽  
Making A Difference ◽  
Primary Means

This article focuses on the seventy-three essays that were submitted to the Swedish Royal Patriotic Society in 1773, in response to a competition for the best essay on the advantages and disadvantages of a national dress. When presenting their thoughts on the design and realization of a national dress, the authors came to reflect on deeper issues of social order and sartorial culture, describing their views on society and its constituent parts, as well as the trappings of visual appearances. Clothes were an intricate part of the visual culture surrounding early modern social hierarchies; differentiation between groups and individuals were readily visualized through dress. Focusing on the three primary means for visual differentiation identified in the essays — colour, fabrics and forms — this article explores the governing notions of hierarchies in regards to sartorial appearance, and the sartorial practices for making the social order legible in late eighteenth-century Sweden.

scholarly journals An Italian Renaissance Gate for the Khan: Visual Culture in Early Modern Crimea

2020 ◽  
pp. 124-160
Author(s):  
Nicole Kançal-Ferrari ◽  
◽  
Leylya S. Seytkhalilova ◽  
Renart V. Saranayev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Culture ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Italian Renaissance ◽  
Renaissance Period ◽  
New Interpretation ◽  
Made In

The introduced work is a translation from English of the Turkish researcher Nicole Kançal-Ferrari`s article, which was published in Muqarnas magazine in 2017. The article is under the name: “An Italian Renaissance Gate for the Khan: Visual Culture in Early Modern Crimea”. The author gives a new interpretation of this famous Gate in the Khan`s Palace in Bakhchisarai. She considers that it was made in the Renaissance period and the author of the Gate was very famous Italian sculptor and engraver Alevisio the New (1494?–1551).

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