Comparison of the effects of liraglutide and sibutramine in obese patients

Background: Obesity is a global noncommunicable pandemic. The low effectiveness of treating obesity is associated with the difficulty of maintaining weight loss due to the reaction of the appetite regulation system. Drugs with central mechanisms of action can help overcome this problem.Aim: The aim of our study was to compare the effects of liraglutide and sibutramine (Reduxin) on the dynamics of weight and cardiometabolic parameters in obese patients without cardiovascular diseases.Materials and methods: We estimated the dynamics of the main metabolic parameters (BMI, glucose, lipid metabolism, blood pressure), the level of hormones involved in the regulation of fat metabolism (leptin, adiponectin, insulin), the HOMA-IR index, markers of oxidative stress and inflammation during therapy with liraglutide in comparison with reduxin for 6 months in obese patients.Results: 64 obese patients were included in the study: 25 patients — in the “Liraglutide” group, 39 patients — in the “Sibutramine” group in accordance with the declared inclusion / exclusion criteria. The included patients were young, average body mass index (BMI) (37.92 ± 5.45 kg / m2), average glycemic level was 5.47 ± 0.81 mmol /l, HOMA-IR was 6.01 ± 4.25, blood pressure was at inclusion was within the normal range, but 21.8% of patients received antihypertensive therapy.Both treatment options provided a comparable decrease in body weight (-10.28% vs -9.47%, p = 0.13)., Leptin level (-32.12% vs -41.77%, p = 0.77) and myeloperoxidase (-33.33% vs -19.91%, p = 0.2). The blood pressure level did not change significantly on liraglutide, while on reduxin the level of diastolic blood pressure (dBP) increased significantly (6.87%, p = 0.006). There was a more pronounced decrease in insulin levels compared to the baseline level (-46%, p = 0.005), as well as a decrease in the HOMA-IR index (-50.08, p = 0.005) on liraglutide therapy.An increase in adiponectin levels (+ 45.36% vs 14.01%, p = 0.0045) and a decrease in low density lipoprotein(LDL) cholesterol were significantly more pronounced on reduxin therapy (-15.03% vs -9.4%, p = 0.006).36% of the participants completed their participation in the study ahead of schedule due to the lack of effect in the form of weight loss in the «Liraglutide» group. Side effects in the “Liraglutide” group were observed in 16% of patients. 48% of patients took part in the study within 6 months. In the «Sibutramine» group 33.4% of patients completed the study ahead of schedule for reasons unrelated to the drug intake, the side effects were observed in 20.5% of patients. 46.1% of participants in the «Sibutramine» group received therapy for 6 months.Conclusions: This study confirms the previous findings that both liraglutide and reduxin therapy provide effective weight loss. We found a positive trend in markers of inflammation, atherogenesis and oxidative stress, and leptin levels. Liraglutide therapy was accompanied by a more pronounced effect on the state of carbohydrate metabolism, and reduxin therapy provided a more pronounced dynamics of lipid disorders and adiponexin. Both groups were characterized by a rather low adherence to therapy, but the incidence of side effects requiring stopping therapy was higher in the Sibutramine group.

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Evaluation of efficacy, reliability, and tolerability of sibutramine in obese patients, with an echocardiographic study

Revista do Hospital das Clínicas ◽

10.1590/s0041-87812002000300003 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 57 (3) ◽

pp. 98-102 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Alfredo Halpern ◽

Claudia Cozer Leite ◽

Nathan Herszkowicz ◽

Alfonso Barbato ◽

Ana Paula Arruda Costa

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Placebo Group ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Side Effects ◽

Body Mass ◽

Obese Patients ◽

Double Blind ◽

Discontinuation Of Treatment

This is a double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of sibutramine in the management of obese patients for a 6-month period. METHOD: Sixty-one obese patients (BMI >30, <40 kg/m2), aged 18-65 years were evaluated. In the first phase of the study (30 days), the patients were given a placebo. We monitored compliance with a low-calorie diet (1200 kcal/day) and to the placebo. In the next stage, the double-blind phase (6 months), we compared placebo and sibutramine (10 mg/day). The criteria for evaluating efficacy were weight loss, reduction in body mass index (BMI), and abdominal and hip circumferences. Tolerability was assessed based on reported side effects, variation in arterial blood pressure and heart rate, metabolic profile (fasting glucose, total cholesterol and its fractions, and triglycerides), laboratory tests (renal and hepatic functions), and flow Doppler echocardiogram. RESULTS: We observed a greater weight loss (7.3 kg, 8% vs 2.6 kg, 2.8%) and a reduction in body mass index (7.4% vs 2.1%) in the sibutramine group than in the placebo group. Classifying the patients into 4 subgroups according to weight loss (weight gain, loss <5%, loss of 5% to 9.9%, and loss >10%), we observed a weight loss of >5% in 40% of the patients on sibutramine compared with 12.9% in the placebo group. We also detected weight gain in 45.2% of the placebo group compared to 20% in the sibutramine group. The sibutramine group showed improvement in HDL- cholesterol values (increased by 17%) and triglyceride values (decreased by 12.8%). This group also showed an increase in systolic blood pressure (6.7%, 5 mmHg). There were no changes in echocardiograms comparing the beginning and end of follow-up, and side effects did not lead to discontinuation of treatment. DISCUSSION: Sibutramine proved to be effective for weight loss providing an 8% loss of the initial weight. Compliance to prolonged treatment was good, and side effects did not result in discontinuation of treatment. These data confirmed the good efficacy, tolerability, and safety profiles of sibutramine for treatment of obesity.

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A Meta-Analysis on Randomised Controlled Clinical Trials Evaluating the Effect of the Dietary Supplement Chitosan on Weight Loss, Lipid Parameters and Blood Pressure

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina54060109 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 54 (6) ◽

pp. 109 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Cristina Moraru ◽

Manuela Mincea ◽

Mirela Frandes ◽

Bogdan Timar ◽

Vasile Ostafe

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Clinical Trials ◽

Body Weight ◽

Dietary Supplement ◽

Serum Lipids ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

The Body ◽

Obese Patients

Background and objectives: Erratic results have been published concerning the influence of the dietary supplement chitosan used as a complementary remedy to decrease the body weight of overweight and obese people. The published articles mention as secondary possible benefits of usage of chitosan the improvement of blood pressure and serum lipids status. We performed a meta-analysis evaluating body weight, body mass index, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, systolic and diastolic blood pressure among overweight and obese patients. Materials and Methods: Searching MEDLINE, Cochrane up to December 2017 on clinical trials that have assessed the influence of chitosan used as a dietary supplement on overweight and obese patients. An additional study was identified in the References section of another meta-analysis. A total of 14 randomised control trials (RCT) were used to assess the effect on body weight, serum lipids and blood pressure. Results: The usage of chitosan as a dietary supplement up to 52 weeks seems to slightly reduce the body weight (−1.01 kg, 95% CI: −1.67 to −0.34). Considering the other parameters studied, the most significant improvement was observed in systolic and diastolic blood pressure: −2.68 mm Hg (95% CI: −4.19 to −1.18) and −2.14 mm Hg (95% CI: −4.14 to −0.14) in favour of chitosan versus a placebo. Conclusions: Based on the meta-analysis realized with 14 RCT we concluded that the usage of chitosan as a dietary supplement can lead to a slight short- and medium-term effect on weight loss and to the improvement of serum lipid profile and cardiovascular factors.

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Improved blood pressure, nitric oxide and asymmetric dimethylarginine are independent after bariatric surgery

Annals of Clinical Biochemistry International Journal of Laboratory Medicine ◽

10.1258/acb.2012.012069 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 49 (6) ◽

pp. 589-594 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

R Patle ◽

S Dubb ◽

J Alaghband-Zadeh ◽

R A Sherwood ◽

F Tam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Bariatric Surgery ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Asymmetric Dimethylarginine ◽

Obese Patients ◽

Endogenous Inhibitor ◽

Nitrite Concentration ◽

Plasma Adma ◽

Adma Concentration

Background Obesity is associated with hypertension, but the exact mechanism is not fully understood. Bariatric surgery significantly decreases weight and blood pressure (BP). Low plasma nitric oxide (NO) and raised asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of NO, concentrations are associated with both obesity and hypertension. Correlations between the changes in these parameters were studied after bariatric surgery. Methods Weight, BP, plasma ADMA and NO were measured in 29 obese patients (24 female, 5 male) before and six weeks after bariatric surgery. Results Patients were 39.2 ± 1.2 (mean ± SEM) years old and weighed 126 ± 3 kg. Six weeks after the surgery, patients had lost 10 ± 0.7 kg ( P < 0.0001) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) decreased by 11 ± 1.0 mmHg ( P < 0.0001). The plasma ADMA concentration decreased by 24 ± 2% from 5 ± 0.4 to 4.0 ± 0.3 μmol/L ( P < 0.0001). The plasma total nitrite concentration increased by 15 ± 1% from 51.4 ± 2.6 to 60 ± 3 μmol/L ( P < 0.0001). The correlation between the decrease of ADMA and increase of NO subsequent to weight loss was significant ( P < 0.0001). However, MAP was not correlated to the changes in ADMA or NO. Conclusions After bariatric surgery, beneficial changes in BP, NO and ADMA occur, but our findings suggest that these BP changes are independent of changes in the NO–ADMA axis. Other causes for the changes in BP should therefore be considered.

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Implementation of a financially incentivized weight loss competition into an already established employee wellness program

INNOVATIONS in pharmacy ◽

10.24926/iip.v5i3.352 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Andrew M. Schramm ◽

Kristen L. DiDonato ◽

Justin R. May ◽

D. Matthew Hartwig

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Patient Satisfaction ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Employee Wellness ◽

Wellness Program ◽

Serum Triglycerides ◽

Employee Wellness Program ◽

Pharmacy Chain

Objective: To assess improvement in clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction of a financially incentivized weight loss competition adjunct to a currently established pharmacist-directed employee wellness program. Design: Retrospective, cohort, pilot study Setting: 6 independent community pharmacy chain locations, two long-term care pharmacies, and a pharmacy corporate office in northwest and central Missouri, from January 2013 to April 2013. Participants: 24 benefit-eligible patients employed by the self- insured pharmacy chain. Intervention: A financially incentivized weight loss competition focusing on healthy lifestyle practices was implemented at nine pharmacy locations over an eight week period. Main outcome measure(s): Change from baseline in mean total cholesterol, serum triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), weight, and body mass index (BMI). Patient satisfaction was also assessed after completion. Results:24 patients completed the competition. The average weight loss among all participants was 10 ± 7.3 pounds. A mean decrease in serum triglycerides was significant at 36.9 mg/dL per participant (p Conclusion: The implementation of a financially incentivized weight loss competition provided significant short-term weight loss to a patient population that was already enrolled in an established pharmacist-directed employee wellness program and had not shown clinical improvement prior to the intervention. Overall the patients were satisfied, felt healthier, and agreed to continue following the recommendations of the program. Type: Original Research

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Tolerability and effectiveness of fluoxetine, metformin and sibutramine in reducing anthropometric and metabolic parameters in obese patients

Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia ◽

10.1590/s0004-27302006000600007 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 50 (6) ◽

pp. 1020-1025 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Camila Guimarães ◽

Leonardo R.L. Pereira ◽

Nélson Iucif Júnior ◽

Evandro José Cesarino ◽

Carlos A.N. de Almeida ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Side Effects ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Metabolic Parameters ◽

Abdominal Circumference ◽

Fatty Tissue ◽

Obese Patients ◽

Adjunct Therapy

The aim of this study is to assess the effects of sibutramine (S) 15 mg/day, fluoxetine (F) 60 mg/day, and metformin (M) 1,700 mg/day, as an adjunct therapy to a 1,500 kcal/day diet, in reducing anthropometric and metabolic parameters. S (n= 8), F (n= 9), and M (n= 8) were compared to placebo (n= 10) in 35 obese patients in a 90-day trial. Side effects were also studied during the treatment. The data demonstrated that F therapy resulted in a greater average reduction in BMI (11.0%), weight (10.0%), abdominal circumference (11.0%) and %fatty-tissue (12.8). An elevation in HDL-cholesterol (25.8%) and a reduction in average triglyceride levels (28.3%) were also shown. S presented a 7.91% reduction in the abdominal circumference and a 9.65 reduction in %fatty-tissue was also found. M group presented reductions in BMI (4.03%), waist circumference (6.92%), HOMA (23.5%) and blood pressure (6.08% in systolic and 2.08% in diastolic). In general, the three drugs can be considered well tolerated. We concluded that F and S demonstrated a greater mean reduction in anthropometric and metabolic parameters when compared to M, however all of them are useful for that purpose, when the subjects’ characteristics are considered.

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Nutritional management of hypertension: controversies and frontiers Proceedings of one more meeting?

Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1139/y86-131 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 64 (6) ◽

pp. 770-771

Author(s):

Frans H. H. Leenen

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Side Effects ◽

Antihypertensive Therapy ◽

Mild Hypertension ◽

Severe Hypertension ◽

Nutritional Management ◽

Blood Pressure Elevation ◽

Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality ◽

Treatment Of Hypertension

In recent years antihypertensive therapy has evolved from treatment for a relatively small number of patients with severe hypertension to treatment for millions of people with mild to severe hypertension. We now treat not only patients at high risk for future cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, of whom nearly all are benefitting from antihypertensive therapy, but also much larger groups of patients each individually at low risk. In this latter group only a small percentage actually benefits from antihypertensive therapy. For example, in the Australian trial in subjects with mild hypertension and no other evidence of cardiovascular disease, only two excess deaths were prevented at the expense of 1000 patient-years of drug treatment (Australian Therapeutic Trial 1980). For most individual members of this group normalizing their mild blood pressure elevation appears to offer no benefit, yet all of them are exposed to antihypertensive therapy and its side effects. When instituting antihypertensive pharmacotherapy in patients with mild hypertension one has to be concerned about these side effects, not just the objective ones (e.g., effects on plasma lipoproteins or glucose which may offset any gains to be obtained by lowering blood pressure), but also subjective ones (e.g., fatigue, impotence) which may markedly affect the quality of life.Nonpharmacologic, in particular nutritional, management of mild hypertension has intuitively major appeal for "lowering blood pressure without side effects." Many studies have evaluated the effects of dietary changes on blood pressure. Several recent symposia have addressed the issue of nutrition and hypertension. Despite this, the report from the first Consensus Development Conference of the Canadian Hypertension Society ("on the management of mild hypertension in Canada") states "Because of conflicting evidence and problems with patient compliance, the conference had difficulty reaching consensus on the effectiveness of salt restriction and, for the obese, of weight reduction in lowering blood pressure" (Logan 1984).This issue of the Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology contains the proceedings of a workshop "Nutritional Management of Hypertension: Controversies and Frontiers," held in Harrison Hot Springs, British Columbia, September 6–7, 1985. This workshop was organized under the auspices of the Canadian Hypertension Society and made possible by generous financial support from ICI Pharma, Canada (general sponsorship) as well as from the National Institute of Nutrition for the obesity session, and from the Dairy Bureau of Canada for the sodium–calcium session.To define more clearly the controversies and uncertainties, this workshop was organized in a different way than previous meetings dealing with this issue. A clinical scientist working in a particular area was invited to outline the evidence in favour of a given dietary manipulation for the treatment of hypertension, and another one to outline the evidence against. This evaluation would particularly concern evidence regarding "efficacy" and "effectiveness". A discussant then presented an evaluation of the two position papers, followed by a general discussion and a summary by the session chairman. This type of scrutiny of our current knowledge was done for sodium restriction, calcium supplementation, and weight loss. As part of this evaluation two speakers addressed the closely related issues of practical aspects of diet management (e.g. compliance) and the consequences–risks of weight loss in relation to the pathophysiology of obesity.In the last part of the workshop possible future developments in nutrition and hypertension were reviewed, such as "nutrition in the young, early intervention?," vegetarian approach to hypertension, role of dietary fats, and proteins and precursors.The organizing committee very much appreciated that Dr. David Sackett was willing to serve as the scientific chairman of this workshop, to summarize the present "state of the art" on diet modulation in the management of hypertension as well as to propose recommendations for treatment of hypertension in clinical practice and for future research directions.It was a pleasure for me to serve as chairman of the organizing committee. As President of the Canadian Hypertension Society I would like to thank all session chairmen, speakers, discussants, and participants for their enthusiasm and eagerness to explore the topic of nutrition and hypertension. I hope that the scientific information and insight that the proceedings of this workshop offer will convey their commitment.

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The effect of a fibre extract from the red seaweed, Palmaria palmata, on lipid metabolism and inflammation in healthy adults

Proceedings of The Nutrition Society ◽

10.1017/s0029665120006400 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽

Author(s):

Zoe Irwin ◽

Emeir M. McSorley ◽

Mary M. Slevin ◽

Lisa Rowan ◽

Paul McMillen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Palmaria Palmata ◽

Low Density ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Markers Of Inflammation ◽

And Oxidative Stress

AbstractEvidence from observational studies indicates that seaweed consumption may reduce the risk of non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease, type two diabetes, and obesity. Accumulating evidence from in vitro and animal studies suggest seaweed have antihyperlipidemic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties which may in part be attributed to the high content of soluble dietary fibre in seaweeds. The viscosity of seaweed fibres is suggested to mediate antihyperlipdiemic effects via the alteration of lipid/bile acid absorption kinetics to decrease low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL). Thus, there is a need to evaluate the efficacy of seaweed derived dietary fibre in the management of dyslipidemia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of a fibre rich extract from Palmaria palmata on the lipid profile as well as markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in healthy adults. A total of 60 healthy participants (30 male and 30 female) aged 20 to 58 years, were assigned to consume the Palmaria palmata fibre extract (5g/day), Synergy-1 and the placebo (maltodextrin) for a duration of 4 weeks with a minimum 4 week washout between each treatment in a double blind, randomised crossover study conducted over 5 months. Fasting concentrations of cholesterol, triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) were analysed and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) and LDL: HDL ratio was calculated. C-reactive protein (CRP) and Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma (FRAP) were analysed as markers of inflammation and oxidative stress, respectively. Supplementation for 4 weeks with Palmaria palmata resulted in favourable changes to lipid profiles with a reduced LDL:HDL ratio; however intention-to-treat univariate ANCOVA identified no significant difference between the treatment groups over time on any of the lipid profile markers. A non-significant increase in CRP and triglyceride concentration along with lower FRAP was also observed with Palmaria palmata supplementation. Evidence from this study suggests that Palmaria palmata may have effects on lipid metabolism and appears to mobilise triglycerides. More research is needed in individuals with dyslipidaemia to fully elucidate these effects.

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Effect of orlistat-induced weight loss on blood pressure and heart rate in obese patients with hypertension

Journal of Hypertension ◽

10.1097/00004872-200209000-00034 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 20 (9) ◽

pp. 1873-1878 ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

Arya M. Sharma ◽

Alain Golay

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Obese Patients

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Effects of time-of-day on oxidative stress, cardiovascular parameters, biochemical markers, and hormonal response following level-1 Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test

Physiology International ◽

10.1556/2060.104.2017.1.6 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 104 (1) ◽

pp. 77-90 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

K Aloui ◽

S Abedelmalek ◽

H Chtourou ◽

DP Wong ◽

N Boussetta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Muscle Damage ◽

Biochemical Markers ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Time Of Day ◽

Hormonal Response ◽

Cardiovascular Parameters ◽

Recovery Test ◽

Level 1

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of time-of-day on oxidative stress, cardiovascular parameters, muscle damage parameters, and hormonal responses following the level-1 Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test (YYIRT). A total of 11 healthy subjects performed an intermittent test (YYIRT) at two times-of-day (i.e., 07:00 h and 17:00 h), with a recovery period of ≥36 h in-between, in a randomized order. Blood samples were taken at the rest (baseline) and immediately (post-YYIRT) after the YYIRT for measuring oxidative stress, biochemical markers, and hormonal response. Data were statistically analyzed using one-way and two-way repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni test at p < 0.05. Observed power (α = 0.05) and partial eta-squared were used. Our results showed that oxygen uptake (VO2max), maximal aerobic speed, and the total distance covered tended to be higher in the evening (17:00 h). There was also a main effect of time-of-day for cortisol and testosterone concentration, which were higher after the YYIRT in the morning (p < 0.05). The heart rate peak and the rating of perceived exertion scales were lower in the morning (p < 0.05). However, the plasma glucose (p < 0.01), malondialdehyde, creatine kinase (p < 0.01), lactate dehydrogenase (p < 0.05), high-density lipoprotein (p < 0.01), total cholesterol (p < 0.01), and triglycerides (p < 0.05) were higher after the YYIRT in the evening. Low-density lipoprotein, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and lactate levels (p > 0.05) were similar for the morning and evening test. In conclusion, our findings suggest that aerobic performance presents diurnal variation with great result observed in the evening accompanied by an improvement of hormonal, metabolic, and oxidative responses. These data may help to guide athletes and coaches and contribute to public health recommendations on exercise and muscle damage particularly in the competitive periods.

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Effects of Intermittent Compared With Continuous Energy Restriction on Blood Pressure Control in Overweight and Obese Patients With Hypertension

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine ◽

10.3389/fcvm.2021.750714 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Chao-Jie He ◽

Ye-Ping Fei ◽

Chun-Yan Zhu ◽

Ming Yao ◽

Gang Qian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Body Composition ◽

Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

Blood Pressure Control ◽

Pressure Control ◽

Energy Restriction ◽

Obese Patients ◽

Continuous Energy ◽

The Mean

Background and Aims: Weight-loss diets reduce body weight and improve blood pressure control in hypertensive patients. Intermittent energy restriction (IER) is an alternative to continuous energy restriction (CER) for weight reduction. We aimed to compare the effects of IER with those of CER on blood pressure control and weight loss in overweight and obese patients with hypertension during a 6-month period.Methods: Two hundred and five overweight or obese participants (BMI 28.7 kg/m2) with hypertension were randomized to IER (5:2 diet, a very-low-calorie diet for 2 days per week, 500 kcal/day for women and 600 kcal/day for men, along with 5 days of a habitual diet) compared to a moderate CER diet (1,000 kcal/day for women and 1,200 kcal/day for men) for 6 months. The primary outcomes of this study were changes in blood pressure and weight, and the secondary outcomes were changes in body composition, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and blood lipids.Results: Of the 205 randomized participants (118 women and 87 men; mean [SD] age, 50.2 [8.9] years; mean [SD] body mass index, 28.7 [2.6]; mean [SD] systolic blood pressure, 143 [10] mmHg; and mean [SD] diastolic blood pressure, 91 [9] mmHg), 173 completed the study. The intention-to-treat analysis demonstrated that IER and CER are equally effective for weight loss and blood pressure control: the mean (SEM) weight change with IER was −7.0 [0.6] kg vs. −6.8 [0.6] kg with CER, the mean (SEM) systolic blood pressure with IER was −7 [0.7] mmHg vs. −7 [0.6] mmHg with CER, and the mean (SEM) diastolic blood pressure with IER was −6 [0.5] mmHg vs. −5 [0.5] mmHg with CER, (diet by time P = 0.62, 0.39, and 0.41, respectively). There were favorable improvements in body composition, HbA1c, and blood lipid levels, with no differences between groups. Effects did not differ according to completer analysis. No severe hypoglycemia occurred in either group during the trial.Conclusions: Intermittent energy restriction is an effective alternative diet strategy for weight loss and blood pressure control and is comparable to CER in overweight and obese patients with hypertension.Clinical Trial Registration:http://www.chictr.org.cn, identifier: ChiCTR2000040468.

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