scholarly journals Evaluation of geotechnical properties of gully erosion materials in ORLU and its environs, IMO state, Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Iheme O.K ◽  
Okoye V.U. ◽  
Chinwuko A.I. ◽  
Usman A.O. ◽  
Ejeke C.F. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Geotechnical Properties ◽  
Gully Erosion ◽  
Geological Mapping ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Rock Materials ◽  
Imo State ◽  
Minor Road ◽  
Limit Test

The evaluation of geotechnical properties of rock materials is used to ascertain the environmental factor that necessitated gully erosion in Orlu and its environs, Imo State, Nigeria. The study is aimed at geotechnically defining the characteristics, causes and formation of the gully erosion with particular emphasis on the current land degradation in the study area. Data used in the study were derived from field measurements, and laboratory analysis. Gully variables such as length, depth and widths were also determined. The result of the geological mapping revealed that there are three geologic formations encountered in the study area namely; Ameki, Ogwashi Asaba, and Benin Formations. The result of the field studies shows that 27% of the gullies observed occur in Ameki Formation while no gully was discovered in Ogwashi Asaba formation. The grain size distribution curves interpretation revealed that 80% (by weight) of the soils are medium to coarse grained sand and fine gravels, while the remaining 18% and 2% are for fine grained sand and coarse grained silt. The Atterberg Limit Test interpretation shows that the plasticity index of the formations ranges from 24.83% to 48.42%. Based on the results of the geotechnical properties of rock materials in the study area, the factors responsible for gullies occurrence in the study area were identified as topography, rainfall, geology, and anthropogenic factors. The devastating effects of gully erosion in the study area were observed to include loss of about 22km2 of arable lands; 2 major and 6 minor road failures; loss of many houses and other infrastructures; pollution of surface and underground water. Finally, it is recommended that the appropriate authorities, individuals and all stakeholders in the environmental protection agency should develop ideas in environment watch towards gully erosion control.

scholarly journals Investigation of geotechnical properties of soil samples in Isu-Njaba Imo State

2021 ◽  
Vol 1036 (1) ◽  
pp. 012035
Author(s):  
A C Ekeleme ◽  
O H Ibearugbulem ◽  
E I Ugwu ◽  
C E Njoku ◽  
E C Amanamba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Samples ◽  
Geotechnical Properties ◽  
Imo State ◽  
Properties Of Soil

scholarly journals GEOLOGICAL ASSISTED ON WATER RESOURCES PLANNING IN MOUNTAINOUS CATCHMENTS IN KUNDASANG, SABAH, MALAYSIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
Rodeano Roslee
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Geological Mapping ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Water Resources Planning ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Deep Aquifers ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Sand And Gravel ◽  
Resources Planning

Based on geological mapping and geohydrologic data, water resources planning in mountainous catchment areas in Kundasang are outlined. The area is underlain by thick Paleogene clastic sediment and old Quaternary gravels. These rock units are carved by numerous lineaments with complex structural styles developed during series of regional Tertiary tectonic activities. The tectonic complexities reduced the physical and mechanical properties of the rock units and produced intensive displacements and discontinuities among the strata, resulting in high degree of weathering process and instability. The weathered materials are unstable and may cause subsidence and sliding induced by high pore pressure subjected by both shallow and deep hydrodynamic processes. Evaluation of 60 boreholes data in the study area reveals that the depth of the groundwater table ranges from 1.90 m (6 feet) to 11.20 m (35 feet) deep. The groundwater level in the study area fluctuates even within a short period of any instability of climatic change. The Quaternary sand and gravel layers with variable thickness defined the major shallow aquifers within the underlying weathered materials while the highly fractured sedimentary rocks defined the major deep aquifers. Most of the aquifers within the top unconsolidated weathered clastic material are under unconfined condition. The sedimentary formations are coarse-grained clastic materials generally contain fractured porosity and exhibit higher permeability. However, below subsurface, much of the groundwater is partially confined. Movements of groundwater are sufficiently restricted area to cause slightly different in head depth zones during periods of heavy pumping. During periods of less draught, the various groundwater levels will be recovered to their respective original level. This condition resulted from discontinuous nature of sediments where zones of permeable sand and gravel are layered between less permeable beds of silt and clay. Aquifer characterization and geological data are given to assist the local agencies on the water resources planning of the study area.

scholarly journals Effect Lime and Recron Fibre on Geotechnical Properties of Black Cotton Soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 6252-6257
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Soil Sample ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Geotechnical Properties ◽  
Plasticity Index ◽  
California Bearing Ratio ◽  
Black Cotton Soil ◽  
Optimum Dose ◽  
Clayey Soils ◽  
Limit Test

Clayey soils are considered as the weakest subgrade soil from civil engineering point of view under moist condition. These soils attract and absorb water and loses their strength. Because of this reason certain inherent properties of these clayey soils need modification for their bulk use in construction of highways, embankments etc. Recently, many synthetic fibres have emerged to strengthen soft soils. Synthetic fibres are low-cost materials, hydrophobic and chemically inert in nature which does not allow the absorption or reaction with soil moisture. The inclusion of synthetic fibres provides reinforcement to the soil and use of lime as a soil stabilizer in BC soil cut down the plasticity index and also increase its strength. For this an extensive laboratory test program was conducted to analyse the variation geotechnical properties of soil by changing the percentage of recron fibre at an optimum dose of lime. The laboratory tests include Atterberg Limit Test, Modified Proctor Test, Unconfined Compressive Strength Test and California Bearing Ratio Test. To conduct different tests on soil sample the proportion of lime is kept fixed and proportion of polyester recron fibre is varied from 0% to 1% by dry weight of soil sample for different lengths of fibre(6 mm, 12 mm & 18 mm separately). Optimum dose of lime is find out by plasticity index of BC soil mixed with varying percentages of lime (4%, 6%, 8% and 10%). Results of the experiments shows that with the increase in the appropriate percentage in recron fibre the Unconfined Compressive Strength and California Bearing Ratio increases. On increasing the length of Recron Fibre, the Unconfined Compressive Strength and California Bearing Ratio also increases. Combination of lime and recron fibre in BC soil give higher CBR value. Therefore it can be used in the improvement of Clayey Soil Subgrade in pavement design and in the construction of embankements.

Rembang Zone Petroleum Play, Stratigraphic and Petrographic Analysis of Ngrayong Formation as Reservoir, Jamprong Area, Tuban, East Java

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
D., S. Reka
Keyword(s):  
Depositional Environment ◽  
Carbonate Platform ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Geological Mapping ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Petrographic Analysis ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Potential Reservoir ◽  
Sandstone Facies

The following research took place in the Jamprong area, Tuban Regency, East Java Province within a study area of 2 km2. Physiographically, the study area is situated in the anticlinorium of the Rembang Zone. This research aims to define the reservoir potential of outcrop samples from the Ngrayong Formation as an analogue for the subsurface. In addition, the depositional environment and the age of the rock in the research area was determined. The Ngrayong Formation is regarded as a potential reservoir in the North East Java Basin. The accumulated data consists of stratigraphy, petrographic analysisand paleontological analysis of rock samples, and geological mapping has been carried out to determine the distribution of rocks. Facies were determined based on outcrop observations and comprise predominantly arkose sandstone facies with fine – coarse grained, moderately sorted and with cross-bedding, herringbone, and lamination, and another facies namely massive carbonate grainstone. Based on these facies, the interpreted depositional environment is the transition of tidal flat to shallow marine carbonate platform with relative biostratigraphic age of Middle Miocene, Langhian to Serravallian (M6-M8 planktonic foraminiferal biozones). Rocks in the study area have porosity >20% or very good and permeability >130 or fair based on petrographic observations, and this supports the interpretation of the Ngrayong Formations as a potential reservoir of hydrocarbons.

Influence of Gas Oil Contamination on Geotechnical Properties of Fine and Coarse-Grained Soils

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 333-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayed Alireza Nasehi ◽  
Ali Uromeihy ◽  
Mohammad Reza Nikudel ◽  
Ali Morsali
Keyword(s):  
Geotechnical Properties ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Oil Contamination ◽  
Gas Oil

scholarly journals Quantitative and Qualitative Soil Water Resources Potentials and Soil Assessment of River Onyongo Drainage Basin for Agricultural Use-Oju Local Government Area - Benue State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-51
Author(s):  
Garpiya Bodinga Timothy ◽  
Aminu Ali ◽  
Kyat Mcgyotwowa Makama
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Geological Mapping ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Darcy Law ◽  
Sodium Absorption ◽  
Laboratory Assessment ◽  
Sodium Absorption Ratio ◽  
Soil Water Resources

To assess the quality of River Onyongo catchment area for agricultural purposes. Field and laboratory assessment was carried out. Water resources potential assessment was carried out in part of River Onyongo catchments area. The topographical map was used to carve out the study area. Geological mapping of the study was carried out by compass. Field permeameter pits were established in four locations within the study area to determine the coefficient of permeability of sub-surface soils/lithology by Darcy Law. Depth to water table was measured in some selected hand-dug wells. Discharge measurement of River Onyongo rainy season was 199,888.12 litres/second and 2,770.62 litres/second in dry seasons while River Ichow (bridge) had 354.3 litres/second in the rainy season and 195.43 litres/second at the upstream; there was no flow during the dry season. Water samples were collected in the various locations in the study area and analysed in the laboratory. The relief of the study ranges from 100 m to 223 m above mean sea level. The Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR) of the water sample ranged from 0 – 10 mg/l indicating that water can be used on all crops and all soils. The coefficient permeability/lithology of the study area ranged from 0.36 – 29.5 m/day corresponding to fine-grained sand to medium-grained sand – coarse-grained sand. Recommendations for the use of water for optimal agricultural purposes and production in the study areas were made.

scholarly journals Mechanical and Geotechnical Properties of Recycled Waste Materials: The Feasibility of using Steel Slag – Cathode Ray Tube Glass as Aggregate Replacement for Road Pavements

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1249-1252
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Geotechnical Properties ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Atterberg Limit ◽  
Los Angeles Abrasion ◽  
Limit Test ◽  
Cathode Ray Tube ◽  
Natural Aggregates

The volume of waste generated in Malaysia and throughout the globe continues to increase. Waste management and protection of the environment should be given a priority, and this requires for studied to be carried out on the problem of waste management. One of the approaches that can be adopted in this regard is to reuse waste materials as recycled products. Mechanical and geotechnical tests, namely the Los Angeles abrasion tests, the Atterberg limit test, and the sand equivalent value, were carried out to determine the suitability of using steel slag and CRT glass in the construction of road pavements. The value obtained from the laboratory test is within the JKR standard specification (JKR/SPJ/2008-S4). The objective of this study is to investigate the mechanical and geotechnical properties of steel slag and cathode ray tube (CRT) glass in order to determine the feasibility of using both materials as a natural aggregate replacement in the construction of road pavements. The result for the Los Angeles abrasion test showed that steel slag has better wear resistance and mechanical properties compared to those of the natural aggregates (granite) use in this study. The result for the Atterberg limit test showed that all three samples (granite, steel slag and CRT glass) are non-plastic. While the result for the sand equivalent value test showed that the granite sample has the highest value, followed by CRT glass and steel slag. Thus, it can be concluded that steel slag and CRT glass are suitable substitutes for natural aggregates (granites) since they have been proven to meet the requirements for the natural aggregates with similar properties. This provides an alternative use for recycled materials and the possibility of using these materials as an aggregate replacement in the construction of road pavements.

scholarly journals Mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of graphite-bearing rocks at Chenjere Area, south-eastern Tanzania: Implications for the nature and quality of graphite mineralization

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 535-551
Author(s):  
Charles D Moye ◽  
Michael M Msabi
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Geological Mapping ◽  
Geochemical Characteristics ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Conducting Surface ◽  
Advanced Technologies ◽  
Size Grade ◽  
Petrographic Study

This study focused on the mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of graphite-bearing rocks at Chenjere area by conducting surface geological mapping, geochemical and petrographical analyses with the intention of characterizing the nature of graphite occurrence in these lithological units. This paper presents results of the flake size, grade and mineralization extension of graphite in the graphitic gneiss. Field observations, petrographic investigation and comparison with other studies indicate that graphite occurrence at the Chenjere area is of sedimentary origin which fall under syngenetic type. The petrographic study revealed that nature of metamorphism of rocks in the Chenjere area is of high grade (amphibolite facies). Both field observations and petrographic studies indicate that minerals in the rock associated with graphite include quartz, feldspar (mostly K-feldspar) and biotite. Further, the mineralized zones are concordant to the rest of the lithologies of the area and biotite gneiss is forming the hangingwall and footwall. The rocks’ foliation is generally NE striking and dipping SE with the dip amount ranging from 30 to 60 degrees. The graphite mineralization at the study area occurs as medium to coarse grained crystalline, flake type graphite with long axis of up to 1000 micrometres in size. Graphite flakes are disseminated and oriented in the host rock that represents a normal metamorphic fabric. Geochemical results indicate that graphite contents in the host graphitic gneiss range from 3.03 wt.% to 16.00 wt.%. Mineralogy and texture of the graphite at Chenjere area meet the standards required for industrial applications in various advanced technologies. Keywords: Graphite Mineralization, Flake Graphite, Chenjere Area

scholarly journals Contribuição à Geologia da Região de Frades, Município de Teresópolis (Rio de Janeiro)

1977 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
João Baptista Filho ◽  
Benedito Souza Gomes ◽  
Francisco José da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Geological Mapping ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Magmatic Origin ◽  
Rock Types

A geological mapping at the scale 1:50,000 based on air photographs at the scale 1:20.000 is being held near Frades, a small village between Teresopolis and Nova Friburgo, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The main rock types are a coarse grained gneiss, migmatites and granites. The pigmatites exibits a dark differentiate (melanosome), sometimes widespread in area, which has been mapped as amphibolite sensu strictu. The latter, until now considered of magmatic origin, seems to have formed through migmatization processes.

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