scholarly journals Evaluation of admixture effect on strength and durability properties of concrete - a critical review

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Mahesh V ◽  
Hemalatha Chemalapati ◽  
Vani A ◽  
Sreenivasulu Dandagala
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Bentonite Clay ◽  
Waste Material ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Durability Properties ◽  
Stone Dust ◽  
The World ◽  
Egg Shell ◽  
Strength And Durability

The present paper is focused on the study of admixture effect on strength and durability properties of concrete. In this study selected admixtures bentonite clay, coconut shell, cow dung ash, crushed rubber, egg shell, glass powder, groundnut shells, rich husk, stone dust, sugar bagasse etc., research papers has been reviewed. Inspite of several usage of waste, presently millions of tons are produced every year and remain unused all around the world and causes serious environment problems. Utilization of waste products all over the world has become challenging task for civil engineers. High costs of cements are not economical for all the types of construction works. Therefore, it is necessary to utilize the locally available materials for improving the properties of concrete in the field of construction industry. The usage of different waste material for the improvement of concrete properties has drawn much attention to the researchers. Moreover, several researchers were made an investigation on laboratory tests on partial and fully replacement of cement, sand, aggregate in concrete and various properties like workability, compressive strength, and density are studied. Based on the research work carried out several researchers we can conclude that the utilization of different usage of waste material as resources and prevents environmental pollution. It is also observed that waste materials can be used as an alternate material for the better improvement of strength and durability properties of concrete.

scholarly journals Investigation on Durability Properties of Self Compacting Concrete with Mineral Admixtures

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 388-396
Keyword(s):  
Salt Water ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Resistance Test ◽  
Limestone Powder ◽  
Mineral Admixtures ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Filler Materials ◽  
Self Compacting Concrete ◽  
Durability Properties ◽  
Strength And Durability

Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) or Self Consolidating Concrete is the present-day concrete that is being adopted the world over. The production of SCC involves the selection of appropriate materials and good quality control which is essential for the durability of concrete. The mineral admixtures and filler materials provide additional reduction to the porosity of the concrete. The primary objective of the present research work is to carry out the experimental investigations on durability properties of SCC with 20 different mix proportions, containing various percentages of filler materials like Limestone Powder (LP) and Marble Powder (MP), along with the mineral admixtures like Fly ash (F) and Silica Fume (SF). Experimental investigation on the durability properties for all the 20 mixes of SCC was carried out by conducting the Rapid Chloride Penetration Test (RCPT), Saturated Water Absorption Test, Acid Resistance Test, Sulphate Resistance Test, Water Permeability Test and Salt Water Resistance Test. From the experimental study, it is observed that the SCC mix with equal proportions F (10%), SF (10%), LP (10%) and MP (10%), exhibit better performance than the control mix in terms of strength and durability characteristics and thus it is concluded that the addition of mineral admixtures and filler materials have a pivotal role in the development of strength and durability aspects of SCC.

scholarly journals Mechanical and Durability Properties of No Aggregate Concrete using Silica Fume

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-249
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Silica Fume ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Chemical Durability ◽  
Mix Design ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Aggregate Concrete ◽  
Durability Properties

India is a developing country which has been showing an enormous growth in different aspects like industrialization, urbanization and communication since 20th century. This development is leading to the decay of environment by polluting it. The huge disposal of various waste products from different industries is playing a prominent role in the rapid growth of pollution. No aggregate concrete (NAC) is another kind of concrete where the utilization of totals are completely maintained a strategic distance from for safeguarding the regular stone, hillocks and slopes. The utilization of sand is additionally maintained a strategic distance from to save the waterway beds. This is a regular research work serving the plan of economical advancement. To reduce the use of aggregates in concrete, No Aggregate Concrete for different grades of concrete is desired. The purpose of this project is to obtain mix design, understand Mechanical properties and Chemical durability properties of different mixes developed.

scholarly journals Strength and Durability Properties of Concrete with Partially Replaced Cement with Egg Shell Powder and Fine Aggregate with Quarry Dust

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 4585-4590
Keyword(s):  
Strength Properties ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Durability Properties ◽  
Egg Shell ◽  
Strength And Durability ◽  
Day By Day ◽  
Shell Powder ◽  
Quarry Dust

In present scenario concrete is highly consumed material in construction field due to its advantages, because of this the natural resources are depleting day by day at an alarming rate and there is an immediate need for finding alternate materials to the natural materials in concrete. In this paper an effort is made to find alternate partial replacement materials for cement and fine aggregate (FA). M40 grade concrete is adopted and the cement was replaced with egg shell powder with different percentages of 5%, 10% and 15%. The optimum percentage egg shell powder (ESP) is obtained at 10%. At optimum ESP the FA is replaced with Quarry Dust (QD) with percentages of 25%, 50%and75%. The maximum strength properties are obtained at 10% ESP and 50% QD and the concrete is also durable at 10% ESP and 50% QD with Water Cement Ratio is 0.38.

scholarly journals Study on Strength and Durability Properties of Bacterial Concrete

2022 ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Vijay Karthekeyan R ◽  
Dr. R. Manju ◽  
Subitha T
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Concrete Structure ◽  
High Strength Concrete ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Strength Concrete ◽  
Durability Properties ◽  
The World ◽  
Strength And Durability

The primary thought of this review is to assess the strength and durability properties of high strength concrete specimens by replacing cement with bacteria for healing cracks. Concrete is the most commonly used construction material all around the world. Cracks are formed due to various reasons. The cracks act as a pathway through which water and toxic salts enter. This causes corrosion and also leads to failure of structure. Repair and Rehabilitation works are costly to be done. In order to overcome this, bacteria is induced into the concrete which leads to the process of Microbial Induced Calcium Precipitate (MICP). The cracks heal by self-healing mechanism and results in crack free concrete structure. It also improves the compressive and tensile strength. In this article a new bacterium has been cultured and identified and is used as a self-healing material in M30 Grade concrete.

The Effect of Cassava Starch on the Durability Characteristics of Concrete

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 289-301
Author(s):  
Daniel Oni ◽  
John Mwero ◽  
Charles Kabubo
Keyword(s):  
Cement Hydration ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Chloride Penetration ◽  
Hardened Concrete ◽  
Sulphate Attack ◽  
Marine Structures ◽  
Durability Properties ◽  
Chloride Attack ◽  
Starch Gel

Background: Concrete is a common material used in the construction of marine structures, such as bridges, water treatment plants, jetties, etc. The use of concrete in these environment exposes it to attack from chemicals like sulphates, chlorides and alkaline, thereby causing it to deteriorate, and unable to perform satisfactorily within its service life. Hence, the need to investigate the durability properties of concrete has become necessary especially when admixtures are used to modify some of its properties. Objective: This research work investigates the effect of Cassava Starch (CS) on the durability characteristics of concrete. Methods: The durability properties investigated in this work are water absorption, sorptivity, resistance to sulphates, sodium hydroxides and chloride penetration. The specimens were prepared by adding CS by weight of cement at 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, 1.6 and 2.0% respectively. The concrete specimens were cured for 28 days, tested for compressive strength before ponding in ionic solutions of sodium hydroxide, sulphuric acid and sodium chloride. Six (6) concrete mixes were prepared, five of which were used to evaluate the effect of CS on the durability characteristics of concrete. Results: The slump values reduced with the increasing dosage of CS due to the viscous nature of the CS paste. Generally, the addition of CS in concrete tends to improve the resistance of concrete to sulphate and chloride attack due to the ability of the muddy-like starch gel to block the pore spaces of hardened concrete, hence, reduces the rate at which water and other aggressive chemicals penetrate the concrete. In addition, the retarding ability of CS impedes the formation of mono-sulphate aluminates during cement hydration, thereby making the concrete less susceptible to sulphate attack. Conclusion: The addition of CS to concrete by weight of cement generally improved the durability characteristics of concrete, while the relative performances of the concrete mixes showed that CS 2.0 gave a better resistance to chloride penetration and sulphate attack.

Regenerative flow pumps, blowers and compressors – A review

2021 ◽  
pp. 095765092110181
Author(s):  
M Sreekanth ◽  
R Sivakumar ◽  
M Sai Santosh Pavan Kumar ◽  
K Karunamurthy ◽  
MB Shyam Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
The World ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Specific Speed ◽  
Regenerative Flow ◽  
Product Description

This paper presents a detailed and objective review of regenerative flow turbomachines, namely pumps, blowers and compressors. Several aspects of turbomachines like design and operating parameters, working principle, flow behaviour, performance parameters and analytical and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) related details have been reviewed and summarized. Experimental work has been put in perspective and the most useful results for optimized performance have been presented. Consolidated plots of specific speed-specific diameter have been plotted which can be helpful in the early stages of design. Industrial outlook involving details of suppliers from various parts of the world, their product description and applications too are included. Finally, future research work to be carried out to make these machines widespread is suggested. This review is targeted at designer engineers who would need quantitative data to work with.

Text Writing Using Air Gestures for People With Limited Hand Motor Skills

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Ermidoro ◽  
Andrea Vitali ◽  
Fabio Previdi ◽  
Caterina Rizzi
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Specific Interaction ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Interaction Style ◽  
The World ◽  
Software Modules ◽  
Ict Tools ◽  
Brain Stroke ◽  
Text Writing

Abstract Mobile devices and laptops are the main ICT tools to exchange information among people in the world. All the applications are designed by following a specific interaction style based either touchscreen or mouse and keyboard, which can be performed only with detailed movements of hands and fingers. Traditional interaction becomes difficult for elderly who have diseases limiting the hand motor skills, such as arthritis and brain stroke. The use of simple air gestures can be adopted as alternative interaction style to interact with smartphones, tablets and laptops. The aim of this research work is the development of an application that allows text writing using air gestures for people with limited hand motor skills. The application embeds several computer vision algorithms and convolutional neural networks software modules to detect and drawn alphanumeric characters and recognizing them using both mobile devices and laptops. The preliminary results obtained show that the approach is robust, and it can easily detect the alphanumeric characters written with the movement of the wrist.

Development of Lightweight Concrete using Industrial Waste Palm Oil Clinker

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Al-Ani ◽  
◽  
Wan Hamidon ◽  
Wan Mohtar ◽  
Basma Alwachy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Durability Properties ◽  
Light Weight Concrete ◽  
Water Absorption Test ◽  
Natural Aggregates ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Strength And Durability

Concrete is a major material used in the construction of buildings and structures in the world. Gravel and sand are the major ingredients of concrete but are non-renewable natural materials. Therefore, the utilisation of palm oil clinker (POC), a solid waste generated from palm oil industry is proposed to replace natural aggregate in this research to reduce the demand for natural aggregates. One mix of ordinary concrete as control concrete; while four mix proportions of oil palm clinker concrete were obtained by replacing 25 %, 50 %, 75 %, and 100 % of gravel and sand of control concrete with coarse and fine oil palm clinker respectively by volume, with same cement content and water cement ratio. Compressive strength test was carried out of concretes with different percentages of oil palm clinker; whereas water absorption test according to respective standard, were carried out to determine the durability properties of various mixes. Based on the results obtained, the study on the effect of percentage of clinker on strength and durability properties was drawn. According to ACI classification of light weight concrete only the 100 percentage replacement can achieve the definition of light weight concrete since its density less than 1900 kg/m3 and strength larger than 17 MPa. Eventually the 25 % replacement of the normal aggregate by the OPC will improve the strength and durability of the concrete.

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