scholarly journals Improvement of Effectiveness of Separation of Emulsion by Processing Ptfe Membrane with Microwave Radiation

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.7) ◽  
pp. 193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinar D. Fazullin ◽  
Elena A. Kharitonova ◽  
Aisilu M. Gimadieva ◽  
Gennady V. Mavrin
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Radiation ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Specific Productivity ◽  
Wave Band ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Aggressive Action ◽  
Initial Membrane ◽  
Emulsion Separation ◽  
Gaseous Media ◽  
Microfiltration Membranes

In this work, in order to increase the productivity and degree of separation of petroleum emulsions, a modification of thin-film microfiltration membranes from polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) by ultrahigh-frequency (microwave) radiation in the decimeter wave band in air, nitrogen and argon was carried out. Treatment of membranes with microwave radiation leads to a reduction in the mass of PTFE membranes depending on the treatment time and the gaseous media. The membrane weight decreases most strongly to 0.17% when treated in atmospheric air, which is apparently due to the aggressive action of oxygen. The least mass of the membrane decreases when treated in argon, only 0.06%. The increase in the specific productivity of membranes during processing in the atmosphere of atmospheric air is explained by the hydrophilization of the surface, due to the formation of polar oxygen-containing groups. A decrease in specific productivity when treated in an argon inert gas environment occurs apparently due to crosslinking of the surface layer. Treatment of the membrane in a nitrogen medium increases the degree of emulsion separation by 6.9%, in air media by 15.3%, in argon media by 21%. An increase in the efficiency of separation of emulsions is also confirmed by a decrease in the size of oil particles in filtrates of emulsions. So the limiting size of the particles of the disperse phase cut off by the initial membrane was 118 nm, and the membrane treated with microwave radiation in the air medium was 39 nm, in the nitrogen medium 68 nm and in argon medium 10 nm.  

scholarly journals Modification of Membranes from Nylon by Microwave Radiation in Argon, Nitrogen and Atmospheric Air

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.36) ◽  
pp. 1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinar D. Fazullin ◽  
Elena A. Kharitonova ◽  
Gennady V. Mavrin ◽  
Ilnar A. Nasyrov
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Radiation ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Microwave Treatment ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Specific Productivity ◽  
Nylon Membrane ◽  
Membrane Pore ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Emulsion Separation ◽  
Membrane Pore Size

Microfiltration thin-film membranes of nylon were treated with microwave radiation within the decimeter wavelength range in air, nitrogen and argon to increase the specific productivity and the degree of the resistant oil emulsion separation due to structural transformations in the surfaces and membrane pores. After the processing of nylon membrane in air, argon and nitrogen, the specific performance of the membranes increases during the filtration of distilled water by 1.3 times. This circumstance is connected, probably with the increase of membrane pore size. And when the oil emulsion is separated, the specific productivity is increased after the treatment in air and oxygen up to 2.3 times, and after the treatment in argon it is decreased by 2 times. The decrease in performance occurs apparently due to the crosslinking of the pores and the surface layer of the membrane. It has been established that the treatment of nylon membranes with microwave radiation in air, nitrogen and argon leads to the decrease of oil emulsion separation degree, which is explained by the membrane surface etching. The worst degree of purification makes 83% and it is observed after the separation of the emulsion with the membrane treated by microwave radiation in a nitrogen atmosphere, when the loss of membrane mass after the microwave treatment was 0.69%. The purification degree from oil is reduced in the least after the treatment in argon medium - 93, and the loss of membrane mass after treatment makes 0.26%. 

scholarly journals Modification of Thin-Film Polymer Membranes by Microwave Radiation in Ammonia Medium

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.36) ◽  
pp. 1050
Author(s):  
Dinar D. Fazullin ◽  
Elena A. Kharitonova ◽  
Gennady V. Mavrin
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Microwave Radiation ◽  
Specific Productivity ◽  
Wave Band ◽  
Ammonia Vapor ◽  
Nylon Membrane ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Separation Degree ◽  
Weight Decrease ◽  
Ammonia Medium

In this paper, we aimed to modify thin-film microfiltration membranes of nylon and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) with ultrahigh-frequency (UHF) radiation within the decimeter wave band in ammonia vapor medium. It has been found that the treatment of a nylon membrane in ammonia leads to the membrane capacity decrease from 79% to 70.8% and to membrane weight decrease by 0.52%. And they observed the decrease of membrane weight by 0.24% from the original. In general, the treatment of membranes with microwave radiation in ammonia medium leads to specific productivity increase. They revealed the decrease of emulsion separation degree after the nylon membrane treatment by microwave radiation in ammonia environment. And when the oil emulsion is separated using PTFE-treated membranes, the degree of purification from oil increases by 3.6%, and the size of the separated oil particles also decreases from 118 nm to 49 nm.  

Directed transfer of microwave radiation in sliding-mode plasma waveguides produced by ultraviolet laser in atmospheric air

2014 ◽  
Vol 53 (31) ◽  
pp. I31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir D. Zvorykin ◽  
Andrei A. Ionin ◽  
Alexei O. Levchenko ◽  
Leonid V. Seleznev ◽  
Dmitrii V. Sinitsyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Radiation ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Ultraviolet Laser ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Plasma Waveguides

ELECTRIC BAKING OVEN WITH USE OF ULTRASOUND IN THE PULSE MODE

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
С.А. РОМАНЧИКОВ
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Time ◽  
Pulse Mode ◽  
Design Solution ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Pulsed Ultrasound ◽  
Short Pulses ◽  
Test Pieces ◽  
Gaseous Media ◽  
Periodic Exposure ◽  
The Military

Разработана хлебопекарная печь электрическая с использованием ультразвука в импульсном режиме ХПЭ-ИУЗ. Принцип работы устройства основан на использовании периодического воздействия на тестовые заготовки ультразвуком внутри пекарной камеры. Применение в процессе тепловой обработки тестовых заготовок пульсирующего ультразвука позволяет интенсифицировать тепло- и массообмен внутри них, а также перераспределить тепловые потоки внутри пекарной камеры. В конструкцию хлебопекарной печи ХПЭ включен ультразвуковой аппарат для газовых сред УЗАГС-0,6/22-О, обеспечивающий генерацию ультразвука. Импульсный ультразвуковой генератор работает в режиме коротких импульсов и повышает интенсивность воздействия УЗ на тестовую заготовку в 2–3 раза при более низких температурах газовой среды внутри пекарной камеры без деформации (повреждения) нутриентов – белков, углеводов, витаминов и пр. перегревом, что снижает образование канцерогенных веществ в готовых изделиях. Новизна конструктивного решения в том, что поле импульсного ультразвука и тепловая энергия ТЭН пекарной камеры обеспечивают интенсификацию процесса выпечки и повышение качественных показателей готовой продукции при работе в автономном режиме. Новое конструктивное решение позволило сократить расход удельной тепловой энергии на единицу готового продукта на 18–24% и время тепловой обработки на 20–25% при сохранности ароматических веществ и витаминов в готовой продукции. Разработанное техническое решение обеспечивает выпечку хлеба при снижении температуры газовой среды на 10–30°С, повышение КПД на 25–30%. Accelerating the production of bread at low temperatures, without compromising quality indicators is a priority in the military baking. To implement this task, an electric baking oven using pulsed ultrasound has been developed. The principle of operation of the device is based on the use of periodic exposure to the test billet ultrasound inside the baking chamber. Processing of test pieces with pulsating ultrasound allows to intensify heat and mass transfer inside them, as well as to redistribute the heat flow inside the baking chamber. The design of the proposed furnace provides for the inclusion in her set of ultrasonic device for gaseous media UZAGS-0,6/22-O to ensure the generation of ultrasound. The pulse ultrasonic generator operates in the mode of short pulses, which allows to increase the intensity of ultrasonic action on the test billet by 2–3 times at lower temperatures of the gas medium inside the baking chamber, without deformation (damage) of nutrients (proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, etc.) by overheating. This reduces the formation of carcinogens in finished products. The novelty of the design solution lies in the fact that the field of pulsed ultrasound and thermal energy of the heating elements of the baking chamber provide intensification of the baking process and improve the quality of the finished product in standalone mode. As a result of the experimental study, the following results were obtained: the specific heat consumption per unit of finished product was reduced by 18–24%; heat treatment time has been reduced 20–25% with preservation of aromatic substances and vitamins in the finished product; the technical solution provides baking bread with a decrease in the temperature of the gaseous medium by 10–30°C; the efficiency is increased by 25–30%.

scholarly journals Surface Functionalization of a Polyurethane Surface via Radio-Frequency Cold Plasma Treatment Using Different Gases

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aya E. Abusrafa ◽  
Salma Habib ◽  
Anton Popelka
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Polymer Surface ◽  
Peel Test ◽  
Maximum Plasma ◽  
Air Plasma ◽  
Temperature Plasma ◽  
Aging Study ◽  
Roughness Analysis ◽  
Gaseous Media

Herein, the surface treatment of polyurethane (PU) films via air, O2, N2, Ar, and their mixtures were tested. The treatment was performed to incorporate new polar functionalities on the polymer surface and achieve improved hydrophilic characteristics. The PU films were subjected to RF low-temperature plasma treatment. It was found that plasma treatment immensely enhanced the hydrophilic surface properties of the PU films in comparison with those of the pristine samples; the maximum plasma effect occurred for the PU sample in the presence of air plasma with treatment time of 180 s at nominal power of 80 W. The surface topography was also found to vary with plasma exposure time and the type of gas being used due to the reactivity of the gaseous media. Roughness analysis revealed that at higher treatment times, the etching/degradation of the surface became more pronounced. Surface chemistry studies revealed increased O2 and N2 elemental groups on the surface upon exposure to O2, N2, air, and Ar. Additionally, the aging study revealed that samples treated in the presence of air and Ar were more stable in comparison to those of the other gases for both the contact angle and peel test measurements.

Hyperbranched Zwitterionic Polymer-Functionalized Underwater Superoleophobic Microfiltration Membranes for Oil-in-Water Emulsion Separation

Langmuir ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 2630-2638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junqiang Zhao ◽  
Dongyang Li ◽  
Hongrui Han ◽  
Jingjing Lin ◽  
Jing Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Emulsion ◽  
Oil In Water ◽  
Emulsion Separation ◽  
Zwitterionic Polymer ◽  
Microfiltration Membranes ◽  
Oil In Water Emulsion

Improving of Silk Printability by Atmospheric Air Plasma Treatment

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ghalab ◽  
W. M. Raslan ◽  
E.M. El-Khatib ◽  
A.A. El-Halwagy
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Time ◽  
Reactive Dye ◽  
Air Plasma ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Colour Strength ◽  
Plasma Surface Treatment ◽  
Screen Printing Technique ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Silk Screen Printing

Plasma surface treatment of silk has been carried out in atmospheric air under experimental conditions at different discharge powers and plasma exposure times. The treated fabric samples are printed with reactive dye using a conventional silk screen printing technique. After drying, the samples are steam fixed at 102°C for 15 min, washed and air dried. Before and after printing, both treated and untreated samples are subjected to different investigations. The wetting time is found to depend upon the treatment time and discharge power. The colour strength of the treated samples printed with reactive dye is improved to a large extent compared with the untreated samples. An improvement in the fastness properties of the printed samples to washing, rubbing and perspiration is also noticed.

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