scholarly journals Surface Functionalization of a Polyurethane Surface via Radio-Frequency Cold Plasma Treatment Using Different Gases

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aya E. Abusrafa ◽  
Salma Habib ◽  
Anton Popelka
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Polymer Surface ◽  
Peel Test ◽  
Maximum Plasma ◽  
Air Plasma ◽  
Temperature Plasma ◽  
Aging Study ◽  
Roughness Analysis ◽  
Gaseous Media

Herein, the surface treatment of polyurethane (PU) films via air, O2, N2, Ar, and their mixtures were tested. The treatment was performed to incorporate new polar functionalities on the polymer surface and achieve improved hydrophilic characteristics. The PU films were subjected to RF low-temperature plasma treatment. It was found that plasma treatment immensely enhanced the hydrophilic surface properties of the PU films in comparison with those of the pristine samples; the maximum plasma effect occurred for the PU sample in the presence of air plasma with treatment time of 180 s at nominal power of 80 W. The surface topography was also found to vary with plasma exposure time and the type of gas being used due to the reactivity of the gaseous media. Roughness analysis revealed that at higher treatment times, the etching/degradation of the surface became more pronounced. Surface chemistry studies revealed increased O2 and N2 elemental groups on the surface upon exposure to O2, N2, air, and Ar. Additionally, the aging study revealed that samples treated in the presence of air and Ar were more stable in comparison to those of the other gases for both the contact angle and peel test measurements.

scholarly journals Studies on Modification of Surface Properties in Polycarbonate (PC) Film Induced by DC Glow Discharge Plasma

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Vijayalakshmi ◽  
M. Mekala ◽  
C. P. Yoganand ◽  
K. Navaneetha Pandiyaraj
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Glow Discharge ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Polymer Surface ◽  
Peel Test ◽  
Glow Discharge Plasma ◽  
Polar Component ◽  
Air Plasma ◽  
Modified Surface ◽  
Surface Modified

The polycarbonate film (PC) surface was treated using glow discharge low-pressure air plasma. The modified surface was characterized by contact angle, FTIR, XRD, AFM, and XPS analysis. The surface-modified samples were further investigated using T-peel test for technical applications. The surface energy of the sample was estimated by measuring contact angle. The results show that, after plasma treatment, the root mean square (RMS) roughness of PC film was gradually increased with exposure time. Plasma treatment modified the chemical composition of the polymer surface and it made the surface to be highly hydrophilic. It was found that the air plasma treatment increases the polar component of PC film.

Submicron surface roughening of aliphatic polyamide 6,6 fabric through low temperature plasma and its effect on interfacial bonding in rubber composite

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 2029-2049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siddhan Periyasamy ◽  
Krishna Prasad G ◽  
Raja ASM ◽  
Prashant G Patil
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Surface Roughening ◽  
Temperature Plasma ◽  
Nylon 6,6 ◽  
Rubber Composite ◽  
Scanning Electron

The present study aims to produce submicron surface roughening of aliphatic polyamide 6,6 (nylon 6,6) fabric using dielectric barrier discharge-based atmospheric low temperature plasma for improving the adhesion bonding with rubber. The plasma treatment was done in the time ranging from 15 s to 300 s. Formation of surface roughness on the fabric due to plasma treatment and the associated chemical changes were studied through high-resolution scanning electron microscope, geometrical surface roughness by Kawabata evaluation system surface tester, contact angle measurements and Fourier transform infrared in Attenuated total reflectance mode. Scanning electron microscope micrographs revealed the presence of submicron roughness on the nylon 6,6 fibre surface with pores of around 100 nm (0.1 µm) for the optimum treatment time of 180 s above which the pore merging effect dominated resulting in the net low surface roughness. Geometrical roughness (SMD) results were also well in agreement with the scanning electron microscope results for the roughening and the optimum effect of the plasma treatment. The control and plasma treated nylon 6,6 samples were used as reinforcements for rubber composite. The peel strength of the rubber composite, which is a measure of interfacial bonding, increased to 150% as the maximum for the optimum plasma treatment time of 180 s. Intense rubber deposits over the 180 s plasma treated samples were observed while only a few deposits of rubber were observed on the control fabric when their interfaces were examined through scanning electron microscope after peeling test.

scholarly journals A Study on the Effect of Ambient Air Plasma Treatment on the Properties of Methylammonium Lead Halide Perovskite Films

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Shekargoftar ◽  
Jana Jurmanová ◽  
Tomáš Homola
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Band Gap ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Surface Barrier ◽  
Air Plasma ◽  
Plasma Treatment Time ◽  
Halide Perovskite ◽  
Air Plasma Treatment

Organic-inorganic halide perovskite materials are considered excellent active layers in the fabrication of highly efficient and low-cost photovoltaic devices. This contribution demonstrates that rapid and low-temperature air-plasma treatment of mixed organic-inorganic halide perovskite film is a promising technique, controlling its opto-electrical surface properties by changing the ratio of organic-to-inorganic components. Plasma treatment of perovskite films was performed with high power-density (25 kW/m2 and 100 W/cm3) diffuse coplanar surface barrier discharge (DCSBD) at 70 °C in ambient air. The results show that short plasma treatment time (1 s, 2 s, and 5 s) led to a relatively enlargement of grain size, however, longer plasma treatment time (10 s and 20 s) led to an etching of the surface. The band-gap energy of the perovskite films was related to the duration of plasma treatment; short periods (≤5 s) led to a widening of the band gap from ~1.66 to 1.73 eV, while longer exposure (>5 s) led to a narrowing of the band gap to approx. 1.63 eV and fast degradation of the film due to etching. Surface analysis demonstrated that the film became homogeneous, with highly oriented crystals, after short plasma treatment; however, prolonging the plasma treatment led to morphological disorders and partial etching of the surface. The plasma treatment approach presented herein addresses important challenges in current perovskite solar cells: tuning the optoelectronic properties and manufacturing homogeneous perovskite films.

scholarly journals Low-Temperature Plasma Modification of Styrene–Butadiene Block Copolymer Surfaces for Improved Adhesion—A Kinetic Approach

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek Tyczkowski ◽  
Hanna Kierzkowska-Pawlak ◽  
Jan Sielski ◽  
Iwona Krawczyk-Kłys
Keyword(s):  
Block Copolymer ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Peel Strength ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Low Temperature Plasma ◽  
Temperature Plasma ◽  
Plasma Treatment Time ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

This paper proposed a kinetic model that can describe the changes in the adhesion properties of styrene–butadiene (SBS) block copolymer surfaces under the influence of low-temperature plasma treatment. As a measure of these changes, the peel strength of joints formed between the copolymer surface and the polyurethane adhesive was chosen. Five types of low-temperature low-pressure RF plasma, two inert plasmas (Ar and He), and three reactive plasmas (O2, CO2, and CCl4) were tested. It was found that for all these types of plasma, the peel strength with the plasma treatment time first increases rapidly reaching a maximum value, and then there is a visible decrease in peel strength, after which the peel strength increases again. This dependence of the peel strength on the plasma treatment time is very well described by the proposed model, which considers three processes: (1) the generation of radical states followed by the creation of functional groups involved in the adhesive bonding process, (2) the surface cross-linking that decreases the concentration of these functional groups, and (3) the formation of nano-roughness. The model analysis revealed differences between the action of reactive and inert plasmas in the SBS surface cross-linking mechanism and preferential etching process, as well as differences in the generation of radical states between the O2 plasma (electron process) and other plasmas tested (ionic processes).

Effect of Air Plasma Treatment on Property of PET Fibers Used in Conductive Asphalt Concrete

2011 ◽  
Vol 250-253 ◽  
pp. 690-694
Author(s):  
Fang Tao Ruan ◽  
Xin Jin ◽  
Wen Yu Wang ◽  
Chang Fa Xiao ◽  
Chun Xie
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Low Temperature Plasma ◽  
Air Plasma ◽  
Temperature Plasma ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Surface Configuration ◽  
Polyester Fibers ◽  
Pet Fibers ◽  
Conductive Property ◽  
Air Plasma Treatment

In this paper, polyester fibers (PET) were treated with low temperature plasma firstly. Then, these plasma treated PET fibers were coated with polypyrrole (PPy) by pyrrole deposition polymerization to impart conductive property to the fibers. Interfacial shear strength (ISS) between PET fiber and asphalt was measured by single fiber pull out test. XPS and SEM were used to characterize the fibers’ surface configuration and analysis the functional groups. The results show that plasma-treatment has a strong effect on the surface morphology, surface elements, electrical property and the ISS.

Low Temperature Plasma Treatment for Immobilization of Biomaterials on Polymer Surface

2011 ◽  
Vol 222 ◽  
pp. 297-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihisa Ogino ◽  
Suguru Noguchi ◽  
Masaaki Nagatsu
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Surface Property ◽  
Blood Compatibility ◽  
Polymer Surface ◽  
Amino Group ◽  
Low Temperature Plasma ◽  
Plasma Process ◽  
Temperature Plasma ◽  
Strongly Connected ◽  
Anticoagulant Property

In some medical use, surface property such as biocompatibility and blood compatibility is very important. To improve the surface property of polymers, ammonia plasma was used to introduce amino group onto polymer surface in order to bind with heparin. The amount and the selectivity of amino group were improved by plasma treatment. The ratio of sulfur contained in heparin to carbon also increased from 0.5% to 10% by plasma process. The positive correlation can be found between heparin immobilization and amino group introduced by plasma. The immobilized heparin is strongly connected and it enhances the anticoagulant property on the surface.

scholarly journals Mechanism of Ampicillin Degradation by Non-Thermal Plasma Treatment with FE-DBD

Plasma ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Smith ◽  
Isaac Adams ◽  
Hai-Feng Ji
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Air Plasma ◽  
Dbd Plasma ◽  
Plasma Treatment Time ◽  
Non Thermal Plasma ◽  
Air Plasma Treatment ◽  
Floating Electrode

This research focused on determining the effectiveness of non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma as an alternative to advanced oxidation processes (AOP) for antibiotic removal in solution. For this study, 20 mM (6.988 g/L) solutions of ampicillin were treated with a floating electrode dielectric barrier discharge (FE-DBD) plasma for varying treatment times. The treated solutions were analyzed primarily using mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). The preliminary product formed was Ampicillin Sulfoxide, however, many more species are formed as plasma treatment time is increased. Ampicillin was completely eliminated after five minutes of air-plasma treatment. The primary mechanism of ampicillin degradation by plasma treatment is investigated in this study.

scholarly journals Effects of Dielectric Barrier Ambient Air Plasma on Two Brassicaceae Seeds: Arabidopsis thaliana and Camelina sativa

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (18) ◽  
pp. 9923
Author(s):  
Maxime Bafoil ◽  
Mohammed Yousfi ◽  
Christophe Dunand ◽  
Nofel Merbahi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Air Plasma ◽  
Temperature Plasma ◽  
Dielectric Barrier

We investigated low-temperature plasma effects on two Brassicaceae seeds (A. thaliana and C. sativa) using dielectric barrier discharge in air. Comparisons of plasma treatments on seeds showed distinct responses on germination rate and speed. Optimal treatment time giving optimal germination is 15 min for A. thaliana with 85% increase compared to control after 48 h of germination and 1 min for C. sativa with 75% increase compared to control after 32 h of germination. Such germination increases are associated with morphological changes shown by SEM of seed surface. For better understanding at the biochemical level, seed surfaces were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry which underlined changes of lipidic composition. For both treated seeds, there is a decrease of saturated (palmitic and stearic) fatty acids while treated C. sativa showed a decrease of unsaturated (oleic and linoleic) acids and treated A. thaliana an increase of unsaturated ones. Such lipid changes, specifically a decrease of hydrophobic saturated fatty acids, are coherent with the other analyses (SEM, water uptake and contact angle). Moreover, an increase in A. thaliana of unsaturated acids (very reactive) probably neutralizes plasma RONS effects thus needing longer plasma exposure time (15 min) to reach optimal germination. For C. sativa, 1 min is enough because unsaturated linoleic acid becomes lower in treated C. sativa (1.2 × 107) compared to treated A. thaliana (3.7 × 107).

Preparation of Super Absorbent Polymer by Carboxymethyl Cellulose Grafting Acrylic Acid Using Low-Temperature Plasma Treatment

2011 ◽  
Vol 239-242 ◽  
pp. 2578-2583
Author(s):  
Li Jie Huang ◽  
Ting Xu ◽  
Hong Tao Wang ◽  
Shuang Fei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Low Temperature Plasma ◽  
Temperature Plasma ◽  
Super Absorbent Polymer ◽  
Grafting Reaction ◽  
Vacuum Degree ◽  
Plasma Treatment Time ◽  
Absorbent Polymer

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) made from bagasse pulp was treated by low-temperature plasma, then reacted grafting polymerization with acrylic acid (AA) to produce super absorbent polymer. The effects of discharge power, plasma treatment time, initiator dosage, acrylic acid dosage, vacuum degree and neutralization ratio on water absorbency and grafting reaction time of the products were studied by single factor experiments. The best process parameters: discharge power = 250 W; plasma treatment time = 90s; m (K2S2O8) : m (CMC) (W/W) = 7:20; m (AA) : m (CMC) (W/W) = (1:9) ~ (1:8); vacuum degree = 300 Pa; neutralization degree = 40%, in which the distilled water absorbency of the product reached its maximum of 509 g/g and the grafting reaction time approached its minimum of 2min. This process has the advantages of simple operation, easy control, high grafting efficiency, short production cycle, low cost and so on, which meet the industrial production requirements of super absorbent polymer.

The effects of surface modification using O2 low temperature plasma on chrome tanning properties of natural leather

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 534-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanping Jiang ◽  
Jiaxun Li ◽  
Fangming Liu ◽  
Zongcai Zhang ◽  
Zhengjun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Low Temperature Plasma ◽  
Plasma Technology ◽  
Temperature Plasma ◽  
Chrome Tanning

Low temperature plasma technology has the characteristics of economy, pollution-free and high efficiency. The pioneering works were carried out by applying low temperature plasma to surface modification of natural leather and chrome tanning process, to reduce water pollution. The effects of oxygen low temperature plasma treatment on the micro-structure, chemical compositions and active groups of leather fiber were studied in this paper. The optimal low temperature plasma treatment time was 10 min, which had the maximal chrome exhausting value. The SEM results showed that the leather surface was etched rougher with time increasing. The contact angle measurements showed that the hydrophilic property of leather surface increased after low temperature plasma process. The XPS data showed that the O1s area ratios increased from 19.49% to 26.45%, the content of COOH roughly tripled after O2 low temperature plasma treatment for 10 min, and the surface chrome content increased from 1.09% to 1.31% after chrome tanning. Based on the above results, low temperature plasma technology may provide a new exploring method for high-exhaustion chrome tanning technology.

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