scholarly journals Effect of Shod Walking on Plantar Pressure with Varying Insole

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 248-254
Author(s):  
Kamlpreet Sandhu ◽  
Vineet Srivastava ◽  
Madhusudan Pal
Keyword(s):  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Foot Pressure ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Plantar Pressures ◽  
Impact Forces ◽  
Pressure Measuring Device

Walking and running are very critical factors in human being’s everyday life. A human being takes more than 2,000 steps to walk 1.6 km. The human being wear a boot with insole to protect feet when walking, playing and doing various activities. The boot with insole provides significant impact on the feet during these events and transmitted through the feet due to intense force and pressure. Measurements of plantar pressure are important for diagnosing lower limb disorders, designing footwear, injury prevention and applications in sports biomechanics. The objective of this study is to investigate the plantar pressure exerted on the feet during shod walking (wearing boot with three types of insoles); to identify effective insole for reducing plantar pressure during walking (wearing same boot with three insoles). Eighteen fits, healthy male adults volunteered for this study with mean and SD (mean±SD) age (36±9) years, height (169±4) cm, and weight (71±8) kg. During experiments, each volunteer underwent 5 min of treadmill walking (4.5 km/hr speed) with wearing of boot with varying types of insoles (Low-density polyurethane (LDPU) insole 1; High-density polyurethane (HDPU), insole 2; and Silicone rubber (SR), insole 3). Plantar pressures were measured by using a foot pressure measuring device. A paired t-test was conducted to observe significant changes in plantar pressures of different foot region (P<0.05). Observations of the present study revealed that plantar pressures (N/cm²*s) were minimum during the use of LDPU insole than HDPU and SR insoles. It was also noticed that during the using of LDPU insole, less plantar pressure observed in the heel (3.84 ±1.16 in right foot) followed by forefoot (right 3.92±0.88), lateral (right 3.56±0.85), and medial foot (right 3.60±0.69). Hence, the present study suggested that using LDPU insole reducing the transfer of impact forces to the body/foot in comparison to HDPU and SR insoles during walking and minimizing the risk of foot-related injuries in long term use.

Low Cost Foot Pressure Measuring Device

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Titus E. Crisan ◽  
Madalin I. Ardelean ◽  
Bogdan Tebrean ◽  
Tudor Oltean
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Foot Pressure ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Pressure Measuring Device

Variable Lower Limb Alignment of Clinical Measures With Digital Photographs and the Footscan Pressure System

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Figen Govsa ◽  
Gkionoul Nteli Chatzioglou ◽  
Simin Hepguler ◽  
Yelda Pinar ◽  
Ozden Bedre
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Subtalar Joint ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Digital Photogrammetry ◽  
Limb Alignment ◽  
Lower Limb Alignment ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Joint Flexibility ◽  
Pressure Measuring Device

Objective: This study examines the effect of the lower limb misalignment and its possible compensatory effect on plantar pressure in a normal population. The aim of this paper is to present a structured method for the analysis of posture and its changes using a standardized digital photography technique and plantar pressure measuring device. Design: Cohort. Setting: Laboratory. Participants: A total of 200 adult volunteers between 18 and 22 years of age who had no current symptoms of pain and foot or ankle pathology participated in the study. Main Outcome Measures: The gold standard measure of lower limb alignment with weight-bearing status is the mechanical axis and their angles using Image J software. Structural and functional measurements of the same foot were taken using a plantar pressure measuring device. In this study, 5 alignment (thigh, knee, leg, ankle, and foot) characteristics were measured on the lower limb using the 2 techniques, and, additionally, the foot contact area, peak pressure, foot axis, rearfoot angle, and subtalar joint flexibility score were analyzed in 10 different regions of the foot. Results: This study has shown a reasonable correlation between digitalized measurements and plantar pressures values. Quadriceps angle affected midfoot impulse, foot axis angle, subtalar joint minimum angle, and rearfoot angle positively. Subtalar joint flexibility scores were analyzed in 10 different regions of the foot. There was a positive correlation between rearfoot angle and quadriceps angle (P = .009, r = .261). Results of both methods show that they endorse each other. Conclusions: The posture of the standing feet may have influence on lower limb alignment. Currently, there are no studies carried out by using digital photogrammetry and foot scan. The authors claim that patient-friendly digital photogrammetry would have a positive contribution to the monitoring of patients, even including new ones in the treatment programs, reducing any possible loss in the personal and national economy.

scholarly journals Alterations in the Plantar Pressure Patterns of Overweight and Obese Schoolchildren Due to Backpack Carriage

2013 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 306-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimiliano Pau ◽  
Bruno Leban ◽  
Marco Pau
Keyword(s):  
Contact Area ◽  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Contact Areas ◽  
Regular School ◽  
Plantar Pressures ◽  
School Day ◽  
Load Action

Background: Among other adverse consequences, childhood obesity is known to influence foot structure and functionality. Yet little information is available regarding how the physiologic foot-ground interaction is altered when a localized load is carried, as occurs in the case of schoolbags. We investigated plantar contact area and pressure modifications induced by backpack carriage under actual conditions. We hypothesized that a localized load acting on the body would further increase the already excessive plantar pressure that exists with overweight and obese status. Methods: Seventy overweight and obese schoolchildren aged 6 to 11 years underwent two 30-sec trials on a pressure platform during a regular school day, with and without a backpack. Total and subregion contact areas along with peak plantar pressures were obtained, and results were compared with those of an equal-numbered group of normal-weight schoolchildren. Results: Overweight and obese children generally had larger contact areas and higher peak plantar pressures compared with their normal-weight peers. In overweight and normal-weight participants, the backpack induced a similar generalized increase in contact area and pressures. However, the largest changes were observed in the forefoot, suggesting that load action tends to modify the physiologic pressure patterns. Conclusions: Backpack carriage raises the already elevated peak plantar pressures in overweight children during upright stance and modifies the physiologic pressure patterns. Further investigations are needed to clarify the features of such phenomenon when dynamic activities are performed and to verify the existence of fatigue and overexertion on the foot as well as other possible negative long-term effects. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 103(4): 306–313, 2013)

Static and Dynamic Plantar Pressure and Normalized Plantar Pressure Characteristics among Children, Adults, and the Elderly

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (12) ◽  
pp. 1881-1887
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Quiet Standing ◽  
Foot Pressure ◽  
Gait Performance ◽  
Plantar Pressures ◽  
Balance Ability ◽  
Pressure Characteristics

Background: A better understanding of plantar pressure while standing and walking would help in improving balance and gait performance across different age ranges. Objective: To clarify the differences of plantar pressure while standing and walking among children, adults, and the elderly. Materials and Methods: Fifty-three participants including eleven aged 3 to 8 years, thirty aged 20 to 40 years, and twelve aged 60 to 90 years were included in the present study. Plantar pressure and related parameters while quiet standing and walking with self-selected speed were assessed. Results: In static plantar pressure, no significant differences were observed of mean different pressure and mean different contact area between dominant and non-dominant limbs among the three groups, while center of pressure (COP) displacement was shown as significantly greater between children and adults (p<0.05). For dynamic plantar pressure, no significant differences in COP velocity were found among the three groups. The elderly showed significant lower normalized maximum plantar pressure in areas of the second and third metatarsal, and internal heel compared with the young adults (p<0.05). Additionally, normalized maximum plantar pressures among children seemed to differ from adults. Conclusion: Plantar pressure characteristics could indicate that children develop gait ability in braking and propulsion phases with greater heel and toe function, while the ability of braking and propulsion declined with aging. These could reflect balance ability while standing or walking. Keywords: Foot pressure; Children; Elderly; Normalization

Forefoot Plantar Pressures in Rheumatoid Arthritis

2004 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon J. Otter ◽  
Catherine Jane Bowen ◽  
Adam K. Young
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Pressure Measurement ◽  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Rheumatoid Arthritis Group ◽  
Foot Pressure ◽  
Plantar Pressures ◽  
Plantar Pressure Distribution ◽  
Temporal Aspects ◽  
Peak Plantar Pressure ◽  
Force Time

We sought to investigate the magnitude and duration of peak forefoot plantar pressures in rheumatoid arthritis. The spatial and temporal characteristics of forefoot plantar pressures were measured in 25 patients with a positive diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis of 5 to 10 years’ duration (mean, 8 years) and a comparison group using a platform-based pressure-measurement system. There were no significant differences between groups in the magnitude of peak plantar pressure in the forefoot region. Significant differences were, however, noted for temporal aspects of foot-pressure measurement. The duration of loading over sensors detecting peak plantar pressure was significantly longer in the rheumatoid arthritis group. In addition, the rheumatoid arthritis group demonstrated significantly greater force–time integrals. Significant increases in the temporal parameters of plantar pressure distribution, rather than those of amplitude, may be characteristic of the rheumatoid foot. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 94(3): 255–260, 2004)

scholarly journals Low Price Foot Pressure Distribution Screening Technique: Optical Podoscope with Accurate Foot Print Segmentation using Hidden Markov Random Field Model

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Heravi ◽  
A Ebrahimi ◽  
S Nikzad ◽  
E Olyaee ◽  
Y Salek Zamani
Keyword(s):  
Image Segmentation ◽  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Calibration Method ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
The Body ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Foot Pressure ◽  
Estimation System

Background: Foot pressure assessment systems are widely used to diagnose foot pathologies. Human foot plays an important role in maintaining the biomechanical function of the lower extremities which includes provision of balance and stabilization of the body during gait.Objective: There are different types of assessment tools with different capabilities which are discussed in detail in this paper. In this project, we introduce a new camera-based pressure distribution estimation system which can give a numerical estimation in addition to giving a visual illustration of pressure distribution of the sole.Material and Methods: In the first step, an image is captured from the traditional Podoscope devices. Then, HMRFEM image segmentation scheme is implemented to extract the contacting part of the sole to the ground. Finally, based on a simple calibration method, per mm2 pressure is estimated to give an accurate pressure distribution measure.Results: A significant and usable estimation of foot pressure has been introduced in this article. The main drawback of introduced systems is low resolution of sensors which is solved using a high resolution camera as a sensor. Another problem is patchy edge extracted by the systems which is automatically solved in the proposed device using an accurate image segmentation algorithm. Also the LCE, GCE and BCE measures demonstrate that lowest error rates are obtained with HMRF segmentation method.Conclusion: we introduced a camera-based plantar pressure assessment tool which uses we introduced a camera-based plantar pressure assessment tool which uses HMRF-EM-based method has been explained in more detail which gives a brilliant sole segmentation from the captured images. Most of the marketable measurement systems use electronic sensors to estimate the pressure distribution, but here we used the captured image and grayscale levels to compute a per pixel pressure which can be converted to N/mm2 scale.

A shapeable foot-pressure measuring device

1989 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Derbyshire ◽  
R.G.S. Platts
Keyword(s):  
Foot Pressure ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Pressure Measuring Device

scholarly journals Pedobarography Study Among Malay Population In The District Of Kuantan, Pahang: A Preliminary Report

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Haidar bin Nasuruddin ◽  
Aminudin bin Che Ahmad ◽  
Mohd Adham Syah bin Ayeop ◽  
Nik Mohd. Fatmy Bin Nik Mohd. Najmi
Keyword(s):  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Foot Pressure ◽  
Related Disease ◽  
The Past ◽  
Plantar Pressures ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Standard Value ◽  
Malay Population

Introduction: Plantar foot pressure has been widely used in managing foot-related disease in developed countries for the past 2 decades. However, in Malaysia, it is still at its infancy. Studies showed that the normal values are not affected by gender and body mass index (BMI), but vary between one race to another. Currently, to the best of author’s review, there is no standard value available for Malaysian or Southeast Asia population. This study is designed to measure pressure values observed in the normal foot of Malay population in Kuantan and its difference between different gender and BMI. Materials and Methods: Measurements were taken from 184 healthy subjects, 79 males and 105 females. Age and BMI were identified. Plantar pressures were measured using Emed-q100 pedobarography platform device with its emed/E (Expert) software Results: The median plantar pressure was 480kPa (IQR 205). There was no significant difference between genders (p=0.483) and BMI (p=0.076) Conclusion: This result is not meant to represent the whole Malay population but rather to be used as an early reference for plantar pressure studies among Malay population. More studies are needed to more accurately describe the value of the population.

In-Shoe Plantar Pressures During Activities of Daily Living: Implications for Therapeutic Footwear Design

1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 352-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annet Rozema ◽  
Jan S. Ulbrecht ◽  
Scott E. Pammer ◽  
Peter R. Cavanagh
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Fast Walking ◽  
Plantar Surface ◽  
Plantar Pressures ◽  
Therapeutic Footwear ◽  
Footwear Design ◽  
Pressure Measuring Device

Pressures on the plantar surface of the foot during activities of daily living were measured in 12 young, healthy subjects using an in-shoe pressure-measuring device. The tasks chosen were standing, slow and fast walking, slow running, walking up and down stairs, rising from and sitting in a chair, and walking in a circle. All except the sitting tasks showed significantly higher pressures in all regions of the foot compared with standing, with the exception of walking up stairs and walking down stairs in the heel region. Both running and walking in a circle led to higher pressures (up to 1.42 times greater) in the total foot compared with “normal” walking. Furthermore, pressures during other activities were not always well predicted by walking pressures ( r 2 = 0.10–0.77). Therefore, measurement during level walking alone cannot be considered to fully define the plantar pressure affecting a foot in a particular shoe during activities of daily life.

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