scholarly journals Hugging the Middle

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry Cuban
Keyword(s):  
School Districts ◽  
Classroom Environment ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Student Centered ◽  
Quarter Century ◽  
Apparent Inconsistency ◽  
The Common ◽  
Classroom Structures

In the last quarter-century and especially the last decade, testing and accountability have come to dominate education policy at the state and national levels. The common concern about the effects of such testing is that it reshapes teaching in the classroom. But such claims do not look at the evidence of deeper classroom structures (the mix of teacher-centered and student-centered practices) in historical context. This article extends historical research in How Teachers Taught (Cuban, 1993) to the present in three metropolitan school districts. While testing and accountability have become more obvious concerns of teachers, the hybridized classroom environment documented in How Teachers Taught have become more pervasive. This article documents this continuing ubiquity and addresses the apparent inconsistency between evidence of a hybridized classroom environment and the unintended consequences of testing and accountability.

scholarly journals Editorial: Conciliar Trinitarianism

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Beau Branson ◽  
Joseph Jedwab ◽  
Scott Williams
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Analytic Philosophy ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Mutual Engagement ◽  
Apparent Inconsistency ◽  
Common Parlance ◽  
The Common ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Trinity

Much recent work in analytic theology concerned with Trinitarian doctrine has been limited both by: (1) a narrow focus on the apparent inconsistency of the doctrine and (2) little regard for the historical context in which the doctrine developed. This special issue represents an effort to overcome these limitations in two ways. First, following Timothy Pawl’s definition of “Conciliar Christology,” we define “Conciliar Trinitarianism” as the conjunction of claims about the Trinity in the first seven Ecumenical Councils. Rather than speculative attempts at reconciling, say, sentences taken from the Athanasian Creed, or the common parlance of contemporary, Western Christians, the papers in this issue all address specifically Conciliar Trinitarianism. Second, the special issue brings together both analytic philosophers and patristics scholars in a format in which, in several cases, a scholar from one field responds to a scholar from another. We hope that this will help to jump-start some further conversations between scholars in analytic philosophy and in patristics, as we believe both fields can benefit from a deeper mutual engagement in the study of Conciliar Trinitarianism.

scholarly journals The use of real life contexts in the CTA: Some unintended consequences

Pythagoras ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 0 (69) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Bansilal
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Assessment Programme ◽  
Assessment Tasks ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Assessment Activities

The Common Tasks for Assessment (CTA) was a new assessment programme that was introduced in 2002 in South Africa for all Grade 9 learners. The purpose of this paper is to articulate some concerns around the use of contextualised assessment activities in the CTA. The study reported here was carried out in 2003. Data for the study was generated from lesson observations and interviews with the participant teachers and groups of learners. It is argued that although the intentions behind the design of the CTA are well meaning and noble, there are in fact some learners who may be unintentionally disadvantaged by the design of the CTA which uses an extended context as a source for all the assessment tasks. In this paper two unintended consequences of using ‘real life’ contexts are identified and the implications of these are discussed, by linking the observations to research carried out in the UK and the USA.

scholarly journals Data Use Among Principals and Teachers: Divergent Paths or Common Ground?

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-76
Author(s):  
Waheeb Albiladi ◽  
Kara Lasater ◽  
Ed Bengtson
Keyword(s):  
School Districts ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Data Use ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Central State ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
South Central ◽  
Multiple Cycles ◽  
The Common ◽  
Depth Interviews

This study examines teachers’ and administrators’ use of data to inform their practice in one south-central state. Using a qualitative research approach, the study involved 76 educators representing eight school districts. Data were collected using focus groups with teachers and in-depth interviews with school principals. Data were inductively and deductively analyzed using multiple cycles of coding. Analysis of data revealed three themes that exposed differences in the use of data by teachers and administrators: the challenges of data use, the “levels” at which data are viewed (micro and macro lenses), and the value placed on formal and informal data. Findings suggest that by understanding the differences between teachers’ and administrators’ perspectives on data use and recognizing the common ground that unites their perspectives, schools can create data cultures that foster shared expectations, collaboration, and trust between teachers and administrators.

Nationalism and Siberian Archeology of the 19th Century

2021 ◽  
pp. 187936652110663
Author(s):  
Dmitry Mikhailov ◽  
Nikolay Ternov
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Capital ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Comparative Characteristic ◽  
National Movement ◽  
The World ◽  
National Environment ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article provides a comparative characteristic of the nationally motivated ethnocultural concepts of the 19th century, based on the interpretation of Siberian peoples` history. Finnish nationalism was looking for the ancestral home of the Finns in Altai and tried to connect them with the Turkic-Mongol states of antiquity and the Middle Ages. Under the influence of the cultural and historical theories of regional experts, the Siberian national discourse itself began to form, which was especially clearly manifested in the example of the genesis of Altai nationalism. Russian great-power nationalism sought to make Slavic history more ancient and connected it with the prestigious Scythian culture. If we rely on the well-known periodization of the development of the national movement of M. Khrokh, then in the theory of the Finns` Altai origin, we can distinguish features characteristic of phase “B,” when the cultural capital of nationalism gradually turns into political. In turn, the historical research of the regional specialists illustrates the earliest stage in the emergence of the national movement, the period of nationalism not only without a nation but also without national intellectuals. The oblasts are forming the very national environment, which does not yet have the means for its own expression, but it obviously contains separatist potential. At the same time, both the Finnish and Siberian patriots, with their scientific research, solved the same ideological task—to include the objects of their research in the world cultural and historical context, to achieve recognition of their right to a place among European nations. However, Florinsky’s theory, performing the function of the official propaganda, is an example of the manifestation of state unifying nationalism, with imperial connotations characteristics of Russia.

The unintended consequences of the Common Agricultural Policy for local communities

2020 ◽  
pp. 335-356
Author(s):  
Maria Gaglia Bareli ◽  
Miranda Geelhoed ◽  
Louisa Parks ◽  
Elisa Morgera ◽  
Elsa Tsioumani
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Common Agricultural Policy ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
The Common

Performance-Based Staff Layoffs in the Public Schools: Implementation and Outcomes

1980 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Moore Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
School Districts ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Local School ◽  
The Public ◽  
Teacher Layoffs

In response to declining school enrollments, some local school districts are using performance criteria to determine the order of teacher layoffs. In this article, Susan Moore Johnson reviews efforts to implement such practices in four local school districts. The findings of the study indicate that performance-based layoff policies are not easily translated into practice. Furthermore, interviews with principals in these districts suggest that the unintended consequences of performance-based layoff practices may limit their educational worth.

scholarly journals Flipped Classroom to Improve University Student Centered Learning and Academic Performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingorance Estrada ◽  
Granda Vera ◽  
Rojas Ruiz ◽  
Alemany Arrebola
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
University Students ◽  
Classroom Environment ◽  
Flipped Classroom ◽  
Student Centered ◽  
Student Centered Learning ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Analytical Research ◽  
Teaching Learning

In recent years, educational research has focused on analyzing significant differences in the academic performance of university students according to the intervention model of the traditional methodology vs. the flipped classroom. This empirical-analytical research is based on a quasi-experimental design with non-equivalent groups. The results reveal significant differences on the average grades of university students; those participating in the flipped classroom obtained higher scores than students following a traditional methodology, regardless of the specialization. Moreover, this research concludes that the flipped classroom approach offers an opportunity to transform the traditional system by improving the classroom environment, the teaching-learning process and the student’s assessment.

Object Oriented Databases and their Application to Historical Data

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwyn Price ◽  
Alec Gray
Keyword(s):  
Database Management ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Object Oriented ◽  
Database Systems ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Relational Database Systems ◽  
Analytical Power ◽  
Object Oriented Databases

Relational Database Systems currently dominate the marketplace and thus the use of Database Management Systems by historians. This technology can constrain the thinking ofits users and limit the representational and analytical power of the applications built using it. This has led to research into other models of Database Management which are less restricting. An introduction toone ofthese approaches, Object OrientedDatabase Systems, ispresentedhere in a historical context with the purpose ofillustrating its power for historical research. An example of this power is given with a description of the authors research into the development of a workbench system utilising Object Orientedprinciples for Nominal Record Linkage.

Telecommunications reform and the internal market in Europe

Info ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolter Lemstra ◽  
Nicolai van Gorp
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Internal Market ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Quarter Century ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Telecommunications Reform ◽  
Long Run

PurposeThis paper seeks to make an assessment of the progress towards a fully fledged internal market for e‐communications in the European Union. The assessment is placed in the context of a quarter century of telecommunications reform in Europe.Design/methodology/approachA combination of qualitative and quantitative assessments is applied with a focus on fixed and mobile communications. The qualitative assessment includes interviews and a questionnaire. The quantitative assessment is based on econometric analysis of panel data.FindingsRemoving the remaining barriers in the internal market may in the long run provide benefits of €27‐55bn or the equivalent of 0.2‐0.4 percent of GDP at the European level. Major barriers identified are related to the degree of openness of national markets and the ability of telecom firms to exploit EU‐level economies of scale.Research limitations/implicationsIn the econometric benefit analysis no secondary effects are included. Further research is recommended to assess the effects, costs and benefits of enforcing a higher degree of harmonisation.Practical implicationsThe paper provides insights and recommendations that are valuable for policy makers.Originality/valueThe paper places the research executed in support of a study for the European Commission in the historical context of the telecommunications reform.

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