La formación profesional vista a través de NO-DO (1943-1981): Propaganda e ideología en un pasado reciente

One of the great pillars of Francoism was NO-DO (1943–1981). This was one of the national channels of information and covered all kind of topics: politics, agriculture, art and crafts, bullfighting, fashion, popular festivals, and education, among others. In this article we focus on education and, more specifically, on vocational education, in order to discern what was shown of this educational level. The videos analysed belong to the categories of news, black and white documentaries, colour documentaries and magazine images from 1943 to 1981. Each video has been described on an observation form designed to facilitate the processing of information, and the data collected has been put into context through primary and secondary written sources (legislation and the academic literature). In short, although NO-DO is an example of political propaganda manipulated for the benefit of the dictatorship, it is also, thanks to its photography and films, a source of inestimable value for historians of education.

Download Full-text

The Cologne Picture Naming Test for Language Mapping and Monitoring (CoNaT): An Open Set of 100 Black and White Object Drawings

Frontiers in Neurology ◽

10.3389/fneur.2021.633068 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Carolin Weiss Lucas ◽

Julia Pieczewski ◽

Sophia Kochs ◽

Charlotte Nettekoven ◽

Christian Grefkes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Task Performance ◽

Brain Tumour ◽

Educational Level ◽

Picture Naming ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Clinical Use ◽

Language Mapping ◽

Black And White ◽

Language Functions ◽

Open Set

Language assessment using a picture naming task crucially relies on the interpretation of the given verbal response by the rater. To avoid misinterpretations, a language-specific and linguistically controlled set of unambiguous, clearly identifiable and common object–word pairs is mandatory. We, here, set out to provide an open-source set of black and white object drawings, particularly suited for language mapping and monitoring, e.g., during awake brain tumour surgery or transcranial magnetic stimulation, in German language. A refined set of 100 black and white drawings was tested in two consecutive runs of randomised picture order and was analysed in respect of correct, prompt, and reliable object recognition and naming in a series of 132 healthy subjects between 18 and 84 years (median 25 years, 64% females) and a clinical pilot cohort of 10 brain tumour patients (median age 47 years, 80% males). The influence of important word- and subject-related factors on task performance and reliability was investigated. Overall, across both healthy subjects and patients, excellent correct object naming rates (97 vs. 96%) as well as high reliability coefficients (Goodman–Kruskal's gamma = 0.95 vs. 0.86) were found. However, the analysis of variance revealed a significant, overall negative effect of low word frequency (p < 0.05) and high age (p < 0.0001) on task performance whereas the effect of a low educational level was only evident for the subgroup of 72 or more years of age (p < 0.05). Moreover, a small learning effect was observed across the two runs of the test (p < 0.001). In summary, this study provides an overall robust and reliable picture naming tool, optimised for the clinical use to map and monitor language functions in patients. However, individual familiarisation before the clinical use remains advisable, especially for subjects that are comparatively prone to spontaneous picture naming errors such as older subjects of low educational level and patients with clinically apparent word finding difficulties.

Download Full-text

Sanctity, Orality and Questions about Cultural and Religious Identity in North Morocco

Journal of Sufi Studies ◽

10.1163/22105956-12341316 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 77-98

Author(s):

Rachid El Hour

Keyword(s):

Religious Identity ◽

Educational Level ◽

Oral Traditions ◽

Main Character ◽

Complex Character ◽

Green Is ◽

The North ◽

Cult Of Saints ◽

Female Saints ◽

Written Sources

Abstract This study presents some results from my fieldwork dealing with the female saints of the north Moroccan city of Alcazarquivir, which has been carried out between 2012 and 2014 in that village. The connections between orality and writing are more frequent as the educational level of the interviewee is higher; some of these informants raised roader issues regarding the evolution of the customs or the cult of saints. At the same time, it has been possible to observe the dissemination of oral traditions existing in other Moroccan regions that were not gathered in the hagiographical literature. In this study, I will offer some reflections concerning the data collected about a concrete example, that of Lallā ʿĀʾisha al-Khaḍrāʾ, one of the most important saints of Alcazarquivir and main character of a large part of the information compiled about the female saints of this city. Both the oral and written sources used in this study will be provided. Narrations related to Lallā ʿĀʾisha will be analyzed together with additional stories from ethnographic and anthropological sources on Moroccan female saints. The studied narrations highlight the problematic and complex character of Lallā ʿĀʾisha’s historicity, among other things. Finally, the symbolism of color green will be studied since al-Khaḍrāʾ (the Green) is the denomination by which Lallā ʿĀʾisha is known.

Download Full-text

Racial Differences in Men's Unemployment

ILR Review ◽

10.1177/001979399304600301 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 46 (3) ◽

pp. 451-463 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Leslie S. Stratton

Keyword(s):

Labor Market ◽

Racial Differences ◽

Labor Force Participation ◽

Educational Level ◽

Population Survey ◽

Probability Function ◽

White Men ◽

Current Population Survey Data ◽

Labor Market Conditions ◽

Black And White

The author uses March 1990 Current Population Survey data to investigate the reasons for the long-standing gap between the unemployment levels of black and white men (which were about 11.8% and 4.8%, respectively, in 1990). An employment probability function that controls for labor force participation is estimated separately by race. The results indicate that only 20–40% of the differential can be explained by variables other than race that are typically associated with unemployment, such as educational level and local labor market conditions. The predicted differential appears to be greatest among younger, less-skilled men.

Download Full-text

Family background and classroom belonging among adolescent students in Finland

Child Indicators Research ◽

10.1007/s12187-021-09894-1 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Helena Hautala ◽

Hannu Lehti ◽

Johanna Kallio

Keyword(s):

Vocational Education ◽

Low Income ◽

Educational Level ◽

Sense Of Belonging ◽

Random Effect ◽

Economic Situation ◽

Probability Models ◽

Secondary Vocational Education ◽

Upper Secondary ◽

Linear Probability

AbstractWe study whether a family’s economic situation and parental educational level are associated with classroom belonging among students in comprehensive secondary, upper secondary general and upper secondary vocational education in Finland. We also study whether there are educational-level differences in this possible association. We use survey data from the Finnish School Health Promotion study from 2017 (N = 114,528). We conduct random effect linear probability models with schools as the second-level grouping variable. The results show that family’s low economic situation predicts a higher probability of lack of sense of classroom belonging in Finland, despite the country having one of the world’s most equal educational systems and comparably low economic inequality. Neither mother’s nor father’s educational level has any association. A family’s low economic situation seems to predict the lack of a sense of belonging most strongly in comprehensive secondary education and most weakly in upper secondary vocational education. Our results slightly support the proposed significance of context-specific hierarchies in determining the association between economic resources and sense of belonging. A family having a poor economic situation is not reflected in the sense of classroom belonging as strongly in schools where students have a low average economic situation compared to those where students have a high average economic situation. We suggest measures, in addition to alleviating economic inequalities, to support the sense of school belonging, especially for low-income students.

Download Full-text

Geografische mobiliteit en het vinden van een passende baan

Tijdschrift voor Arbeidsvraagstukken ◽

10.5117/2005.021.002.004 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Maud Hensen ◽

Robert de Vries

Keyword(s):

Vocational Education ◽

Job Search ◽

Educational Level ◽

Working Hours ◽

Job Security ◽

Full Time ◽

Higher Vocational Education ◽

Geographical Mobility ◽

The Impact

Geographical mobility and the match between education and job Geographical mobility and the match between education and job In this article we examine the influence of geographical mobility on the match between education and job. We investigate to what extent geographical mobile school-leavers have better education-job matches than school-leavers who are less mobile. For this purpose we use data about school-leavers from secondary (vocational) education and higher vocational education in the period 1996 to 2001. Contrary to previous research we examine, next to the educational level of the job, also the match between field of study and job, job security and number of working hours of the job. Incorporating this set of four job characteristics adds a potentially useful dimension to understand school-leavers job-search behaviour and the role of geographical mobility in finding a suitable job. Our results show that to some extent mobility leads to a better match between education and job. It appears that mobile school-leavers have a higher probability of a permanent or a full-time job than school-leavers who are less mobile. Furthermore, the probability of a job at the attained educational level increases with mobility. However, the impact of mobility is smaller for the latter. This result suggests that school-leavers especially are willing to be mobile to ensure job security or a full-time job.

Download Full-text

Passend werk na werkloosheid of inactiviteit

Tijdschrift voor Arbeidsvraagstukken ◽

10.5117/2010.026.002.009 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Wendy Smits ◽

Robert de Vries ◽

Frank Cörvers ◽

Raymond Montizaan

Keyword(s):

Vocational Education ◽

Educational Level ◽

Labour Force ◽

University Graduates ◽

Higher Vocational Education ◽

Level Of Education ◽

Job Level ◽

Upper Secondary ◽

Employment Duration ◽

The Relationship

The chance of getting a (matching) job after a period of non-employment The chance of getting a (matching) job after a period of non-employment In this article, we examine the relationship between the duration of non-employment spells and the probability of finding a job that matches the acquired educational level. We focus on persons who attained upper secondary vocational education and higher education. We use data from the Dutch Labour Force Survey (LFS) in the period 2003-2008. The probability of finding a job decreases with the duration of not working. For people with upper secondary and higher vocational education, the probability of finding a job that matches the acquired level of education also decreases with non-employment duration. For university graduates, we do not find a relationship between the duration of non-employment spells and the subsequent job level.

Download Full-text