scholarly journals Attitudes towards Fake News: A Systematic Literature Review

Webology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (Special Issue 03) ◽  
pp. 368-376
Author(s):  
Shaikha Mohammed Ali Bin Helal Alkhateri ◽  
S. Indra Devi ◽  
Zanariah Jano ◽  
Samer Ali Al-shami
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Social Media Platform ◽  
Exposure Response ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Media Platform ◽  
National Governments

The rise of social media has provided a means for the spread of fake news, factual false information that is used to further a financial, political or societal agenda. The response to fake news on social media can be from individual users, social media platform companies, or respective national governments. This systematic literature review was designed to determine whether there is commonality across cultures and nations as to fake news exposure, response to encountering fake news on social media, and attitudes towards mediating efforts. A total of five published journal articles were selected, each using quantitative methods and representing five distinct geographical areas. These articles formed the bases for a systematic literature review that answered the research questions concerned with attitudes towards the threat of fake news, responses to fake news encountered on social media platforms, and attitudes towards efforts to curb fake news, whether by individuals, social media platform companies, or governments. Results showed universal recognition of fake news as a potential or real threat, mixed results as to whether fake news is read or shared by respondents, and mixed results regarding which actor (people, companies or governments) should lead mitigation efforts. These results emphasize the cultural and societal differences that must be considered when investigating fake news, particularly with the intention to develop recommendations or guidelines for its reduction.

Fake or real news? Understanding the gratifications and personality traits of individuals sharing fake news on social media platforms

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brinda Sampat ◽  
Sahil Raj
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Information Sharing ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Social Media Platform ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Media Platform ◽  
News Sharing

Purpose“Fake news” or misinformation sharing using social media sites into public discourse or politics has increased dramatically, over the last few years, especially in the current COVID-19 pandemic causing concern. However, this phenomenon is inadequately researched. This study examines fake news sharing with the lens of stimulus-organism-response (SOR) theory, uses and gratification theory (UGT) and big five personality traits (BFPT) theory to understand the motivations for sharing fake news and the personality traits that do so. The stimuli in the model comprise gratifications (pass time, entertainment, socialization, information sharing and information seeking) and personality traits (agreeableness, conscientiousness, extraversion, openness and neuroticism). The feeling of authenticating or instantly sharing news is the organism leading to sharing fake news, which forms the response in the study.Design/methodology/approachThe conceptual model was tested by the data collected from a sample of 221 social media users in India. The data were analyzed with partial least squares structural equation modeling to determine the effects of UGT and personality traits on fake news sharing. The moderating role of the platform WhatsApp or Facebook was studied.Findings The results suggest that pass time, information sharing and socialization gratifications lead to instant sharing news on social media platforms. Individuals who exhibit extraversion, neuroticism and openness share news on social media platforms instantly. In contrast, agreeableness and conscientiousness personality traits lead to authentication news before sharing on the social media platform.Originality/value This study contributes to social media literature by identifying the user gratifications and personality traits that lead to sharing fake news on social media platforms. Furthermore, the study also sheds light on the moderating influence of the choice of the social media platform for fake news sharing.

scholarly journals Detecting Fake News using Machine Learning: A Systematic Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 1932-1939
Author(s):  
Alim Al Ayub Ahmed Et al.
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Machine Learning Classifiers ◽  
Online Platforms ◽  
Learning Classifiers ◽  
Social Media Platforms

Internet is one of the important inventions and a large number of persons are its users. These persons use this for different purposes. There are different social media platforms that are accessible to these users. Any user can make a post or spread the news through these online platforms. These platforms do not verify the users or their posts. So some of the users try to spread fake news through these platforms. These fake news can be a propaganda against an individual, society, organization or political party. A human being is unable to detect all these fake news. So there is a need for machine learning classifiers that can detect these fake news automatically. Use of machine learning classifiers for detecting the fake news is described in this systematic literature review.

scholarly journals Linguistic drivers of misinformation diffusion on social media during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giandomenico Di Domenico ◽  
Annamaria Tuan ◽  
Marco Visentin
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Social Media ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Conspiracy Theories ◽  
Social Media Platform ◽  
The Social ◽  
Media Platform ◽  
Textual Cues ◽  
Twitter Users

AbstractIn the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, unprecedent amounts of fake news and hoax spread on social media. In particular, conspiracy theories argued on the effect of specific new technologies like 5G and misinformation tarnished the reputation of brands like Huawei. Language plays a crucial role in understanding the motivational determinants of social media users in sharing misinformation, as people extract meaning from information based on their discursive resources and their skillset. In this paper, we analyze textual and non-textual cues from a panel of 4923 tweets containing the hashtags #5G and #Huawei during the first week of May 2020, when several countries were still adopting lockdown measures, to determine whether or not a tweet is retweeted and, if so, how much it is retweeted. Overall, through traditional logistic regression and machine learning, we found different effects of the textual and non-textual cues on the retweeting of a tweet and on its ability to accumulate retweets. In particular, the presence of misinformation plays an interesting role in spreading the tweet on the network. More importantly, the relative influence of the cues suggests that Twitter users actually read a tweet but not necessarily they understand or critically evaluate it before deciding to share it on the social media platform.

Getting acquainted with social networks and apps: talking about TikTok

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie Elson Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Social Media Platform ◽  
The Social ◽  
Media Platform ◽  
Information Professionals

Purpose This paper aims to provide information and promote discussion around the social media platform TikTok. Design/methodology/approach Research, literature review. Findings Libraries and library and information professionals should be aware of the potential of TikTok for engagement and information sharing. Originality/value Adds to the research on the social media platform TikTok.

scholarly journals Habib Husein Jafar Al-Hadar’s Da’wa Content Commodification on Youtube

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Akhmad Roja Badrus Zaman ◽  
Mahin Muqaddam Assarwani
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Young Person ◽  
Social Media Platform ◽  
Virtual Ethnography ◽  
The Social ◽  
People’S Perception ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Media Platform ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Selection Of

Advances in technology and information provide new opportunities for preachers to be able to take part in spreading Islamic teachings through various social media platforms. One of the preachers who took the role to preach through social media was Habib Husein Jafar al-Hadar. This article examines Habib Husein Jafar’s missionary activities on the social media platform he uses, Youtube. The researcher analyzes the data by observing virtually and visually (virtual ethnography) on the da’wa content displayed by Habib Husein Jafar through Youtube. The study shows that: 1) the attention to the spiritual enlightenment efforts of the younger generation is the basis of the selection of the social media platform Youtube - because based on previous research, the users of this social media platform are 18-29 years of age; 2) starting from the da’wa consumers who are primarily young people, the content they present is suitable to their needs and lifestyle and 3) by using the concept of the circuit of culture analysis, Habib Husein Jafar in various ranges can reconstruct people’s perception of one’s definition of holiness. It is not limited based on normative appearance - cloaked and sacrificed, for example - but more on the substantive side, namely by behaving and having knowledgeable skills. With the variety of content, he could visualize himself as a pious young man by not abandoning his social status as a young person.

scholarly journals Authors Online: Strategies for Digital Self Promotion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley Regimbal-Kung
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Digital Marketing ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Social Media Platform ◽  
Media Platform ◽  
Online Strategies

This paper explored strategies of digital self-promotion for authors online through the investigation of emerging, independent self-published writers. This research provides best practices through those strategies to assist self-published writers in furthering their public profile in digital marketing. The literature review provides context in the online self-publishing environment, connecting with the audience; encouraging collaboration (produsage); adapting to the shifting publishing marketplace through self-presentation strategies (branding), and; bolstering two-way communication (market sensing). It also provides the basis for coding self-presentation themes in self-presentation. This research suggests that best practices can optimize the time that writers spend on marketing, not only to attract initial attention from publishers but at any stage in their career. This research gathers data and develops case studies of four self-published authors that use Wattpad, a social media platform for writers. It analyzes these authors’ strategies for self-promotion and measures their effectiveness through the level of engagement elicited from their fans. It develops best practices from these strategies. This research finds that digital self-promotional activities are successful if they are creative, unique and develop a community of fan followers. It is especially effective when authors reflect the interests of their target audience. It was also found these strategies helped develop the author’s branding for long-term effectiveness

scholarly journals Are You on the Right Platform? A Conjoint Analysis of Social Media Preferences in Aesthetic Surgery Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 1019-1032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Apoorve Nayyar ◽  
Jihane Jadi ◽  
Roja Garimella ◽  
Stephen Tyler Elkins-Williams ◽  
Kristalyn K Gallagher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Conjoint Analysis ◽  
Aesthetic Surgery ◽  
Live Video ◽  
Social Media Platform ◽  
Comprehensive Information ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Media Platform ◽  
Delivery Mechanism ◽  
Media Preferences

Abstract Background Social media has become an indispensable tool for patients to learn about aesthetic surgery. Currently, procedure-specific patient preferences for social media platforms and content are unknown. Objectives The authors sought to evaluate social media preferences of patients seeking aesthetic surgery. Methods We utilized a choice-based conjoint analysis survey to analyze the preferences of patients seeking 3 common aesthetic procedures: breast augmentation (BA), facial rejuvenation (FR), and combined breast/abdominal surgery (BAB). Participants were asked to choose among social media platforms (Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Snapchat, Pinterest, Tumblr, YouTube), information extent (basic, moderate, comprehensive), delivery mechanism (prerecorded video, live video, photographs, text description), messenger (surgeon, nurse/clinic staff, patient), and option for interactivity (yes/no). The survey was administered using an Internet crowdsourcing service (Amazon Mechanical Turk). Results A total of 647 participants were recruited: 201 in BA, 255 in FR, and 191 in BAB. Among attributes surveyed, participants in all 3 groups (BA, FR, BAB) valued social media platform as the most important (30.9%, 33.1%, 31.4%), followed by information extent (23.1%, 22.9%, 21.6%), delivery mechanism (18.9%, 17.4%, 18%), messenger (16%, 17%, 17.2%), and interactivity (11.1%, 9.8%, 11.8%). Within these attributes, Facebook ranked as the preferred platform, with comprehensive information extent, live video as the delivery mechanism, and surgeon as the messenger as most preferred. Conclusions The choice of social media platform is the most important factor for patients, and they indicated a preference for comprehensive information delivered by the surgeon via live video on Facebook. Our study elucidates social media usage in common aesthetic populations, which can help improve aesthetic patient outreach.

Spiritualism and the Resurgence of Fake News

2020 ◽  
pp. 222-237
Author(s):  
Kristy A. Hesketh
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Fake News ◽  
News Stories ◽  
News Reports ◽  
The World ◽  
Spirit World ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Media Platform ◽  
False News

This chapter explores the Spiritualist movement and its rapid growth due to the formation of mass media and compares these events with the current rise of fake news in the mass media. The technology of cheaper publications created a media platform that featured stories about Spiritualist mediums and communications with the spirit world. These articles were published in newspapers next to regular news creating a blurred line between real and hoax news stories. Laws were later created to address instances of fraud that occurred in the medium industry. Today, social media platforms provide a similar vessel for the spread of fake news. Online fake news is published alongside legitimate news reports leaving readers unable to differentiate between real and fake articles. Around the world countries are actioning initiatives to address the proliferation of false news to prevent the spread of misinformation. This chapter compares the parallels between these events, how hoaxes and fake news begin and spread, and examines the measures governments are taking to curb the growth of misinformation.

Usage Behaviors on Snapchat, Instagram, and WhatsApp

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-59
Author(s):  
Abdullah J. Sultan
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Social Media Platform ◽  
Usage Behavior ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Media Platform ◽  
Personal Needs ◽  
Affective Needs

The main objective of this research is to investigate usage behaviors of different age groups across popular social-media platforms and show what usage behavior is mostly utilized in each social media platform. A sample of 2,883 social media users was used to run a series of t-tests to support the research hypotheses. The findings show that young users (compared with old users) are more likely to use social media platforms for social and personal needs. In addition, across platform analyses indicate that users of WhatsApp (compared with Snapchat and Instagram) are more likely to use the platform for socially integrative needs (e.g., connecting with friends and family and talking), while Instagram and Snapchat users are more likely to use the platforms for affective needs (e.g., entertaining), personally integrative needs (e.g., enhancing self-expression and getting to know new people), tension release (e.g., escaping from boredom), and cognitive needs (e.g., seeking information). A more detailed analysis of age groups across the platforms are further discussed.

OPEN INNOVATION AND SOCIAL MEDIA USE TOWARDS INFORMATICS REPORTING: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (4-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlita Mat Yusof ◽  
Zuraini Ismail ◽  
Nor Zairah Ab. Rahim ◽  
Wardah Zainal Abidin ◽  
Ganthan Narayana Samy
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Virtual Community ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Social Media Use ◽  
Social Media Platforms

 In the realm of technology development, open innovation paradigm and social media have both acquired massive attention in extensive researches since past several years. Social media, as the key medium has abundant to offer to support open innovation, thus successful innovation is the key to business rapid growth. This research provides a systematic literature review to identify, classify and summarize the factors of open innovation and social media use towards informatics reporting. Informatics reporting through this dynamic channel have been realized by many organizations nowadays, nonetheless greater number still confine with the traditional reports and are not ready to have linkage with social media platforms. Social media has been absolutely recognized as a powerful communication resource to engage stakeholders in virtual community. Hence, the result from the review suggests that there were six factors impacted open innovation and social media use towards informatics reporting, with transparency being the dominant factor. Eventually, these findings may ease the process of developing a model for open innovation paradigm implementing online platforms in organizations informatics reporting. All in all, this research shall assist organizations to plan and strategize the implementation of open innovation in social media platform for the advantage of their succeeding triumph.

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