scholarly journals Procreation and Cooperation. On Futurist Reproduction Postulates

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 107-129
Author(s):  
Marta Baron-Milian
Keyword(s):  
Social Institutions ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Political ◽  
Material Functions ◽  
State Apparatus ◽  
The One

The article constitutes an attempt at analysing futurist pronatalist discourse, on the basis of the manifestos and artistic praxis of the Futurists. The reproduction postulates, prevalent in the works of the Polish Futurists and usually placed in the context of vitalism, characteristic of the 1920s, are shown from a biopolitical perspective, emphasizing the intersection of the biological with the political and social horizons. The author attempts to trace especially the political entanglements of the “population project” of the Polish Futurists, which turns out be marked by numerous paradoxes, situating itself between the pronatalist rhetoric typical of nationalistdiscourse (on the one hand, the discourse promoted by F.T. Marinetti, and on the other, the one formulated in Poland directly after regaining independence) and thinking in terms of a community which starts from the material functions of the body. In this second context, the reproduction postulates are not only an attack on bourgeois morality, but are closely connected with the futurist critique of all social institutions and the state apparatus with its biopolitical dispositions.

Sexual Ontology and Group Marriage

Philosophy ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 58 (224) ◽  
pp. 215-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen R. L. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Social Institutions ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Community ◽  
The Other ◽  
Unmarried Mother ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
The One

Philosophers of earlier ages have usually spent time in considering thenature of marital, and in general familial, duty. Paley devotes an entire book to those ‘relative duties which result from the constitution of the sexes’,1 a book notable on the one hand for its humanity and on the other for Paley‘s strange refusal to acknowledge that the evils for which he condemns any breach of pure monogamy are in large part the result of the fact that such breaches are generally condemned. In a society where an unmarried mother is ruined no decent male should put a woman in such danger: but why precisely should social feeling be so severe? Marriage, the monogamist would say, must be defended at all costs, for it is a centrally important institution of our society. Political community was, in the past, understood as emerging from or imposed upon families, or similar associations. The struggle to establish the state was a struggle against families, clans and clubs; the state, once established, rested upon the social institutions to which it gave legal backing.

scholarly journals Protesty głodowe jako taktyka walki bez przemocy

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 55-67
Author(s):  
Paulina Codogni
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Resistance ◽  
The One ◽  
Political Matter

The article discusses the phenomenon of hunger strikes which are considered to be an example of strategies and tactics of nonviolent struggle. The resistance is based on a conscious refusal to eat food which causes the political matter against which the protest is directed to become an existential matter. Everyday actions, such as eating, take on a different meaning. The same happens with the meaning of the act of political contestation. On the one hand what can be seen is the embodiment of politics and on the other the politicization of the body. The article also showcases a number of historical and contemporary examples of hunger strikes and tries to find the answer whether hunger strikes are an effective method of political resistance.

Hegel as a Theorist of Secularization

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-244
Author(s):  
Espen Hammer
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Religion ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Political ◽  
Adequate Account ◽  
Religious Development ◽  
End Point ◽  
Religious Thinking ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
The One

Hegel's philosophy of religion is characterized by what seems to be a deep tension. On the one hand, Hegel claims to be a Christian thinker, viewing religion, and in particular Christianity, as a manifestation of the absolute. On the other hand, however, he seems to view modernity as largely secular, devoid of authoritative claims to transcendence. Modernity is secular in the political sense of requiring the state to be neutral when it comes to matters of religion. However, it is also secular in the sense of there being no recourse to authoritative representations of a transcendent God. Drawing on Charles Taylor's view of secularization, the article focuses on the second strand of his religious thinking, exploring how Hegel can be thought of as a theorist of secularization. It is claimed that his dialectic of religious development describes a process of secularization. Ultimately, Hegel's system offers a view of the absolute as immanent, suggesting that an adequate account of religion will necessarily have to accept secularization as the end-point of spirit's development. This is how the tension between religion and secularization can be resolved.

Critical legal studies

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilios Christodoulidis ◽  
Johan van der Walt
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Legal Theory ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Political ◽  
Legal Tradition ◽  
Social Production ◽  
Legal Studies ◽  
Critical Legal Theory ◽  
The One

This chapter traces the tradition of critical theory in Europe in the way it has informed and framed legal thought. A key, and distinctive, element of this legal tradition is that it characteristically connects to the state as constitutive reference; in other words it understands the institution of law as that which organizes and mediates the relation of the state to civil society. The other constitutive reference is political economy, a reference that typically grounds this tradition of thinking about the law in the materiality of the practices of social production and reproduction. It is in these connections, of the institution of law to the domains of the state and of the political economy, that critical legal theory locates the function of law, and the emancipatory potentially it affords on the one hand, and the obstacles to emancipation it imposes, on the other.

scholarly journals Theoretical and practical considerations regarding the study of cranial circulation by measuring blood pressure at the two ends of the carotid artery

2020 ◽  
Vol VI (2) ◽  
pp. 95-119
Author(s):  
F. N. Telyatnik
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Small Arteries ◽  
The One

Of all the methods of studying cranial blood circulation, which I will not list here, the best is the one in which the state of cranial blood circulation is judged by the blood pressure in the two ends of the carotid artery. Hrthle was the first to observe this method, and therefore the method itself is often called the Hrthle method. However, as Hrthle himself says, the idea of ​​a method existed before. So, A. Dastre and J. Morat, for the purpose of proving the existence of vasomotor fibers for the lower limb in n. ischiadicus, determined the blood pressure in the central end of one a. cruralis and in the peripheral end the other; on the side last n. ischiadicus overcame. With irritation of a peripheral nerve cut, the pressure increased in the peripheral end of the а. cruralis, remaining unchanged in the central cut. This increase in pressure in the operated limb, which coincides with the unchanged pressure in the rest of the body, proves that (with the indicated irritation) there is a reduction in small arteries.

To the pathogenesis of anemia in children

1930 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 346-353
Author(s):  
E. P. Krever
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One

Diseases that cause anemia are very diverse, and therefore it is very difficult to classify anemias according to their etiology, and due to various constitutional and other characteristics of the organism, the same cause can cause different phenomena. It is easier to approach the question of the cause of anemia by determining whether erythropoiesis suffers from this disease or whether there is an increased breakdown of red blood cells. In the body, the state of the blood is composed of two processes: on the one hand, erythropoiesis, on the other hand, the decay of erythrocytes. Demonstrative formula Yerringer'a E R D (Blutmauserung), where E is the number of erythrocytes, P is their production and D ~ destruction. As long as P balances M, the difference E. remains unchanged. If D, that is, hemolysis, increases more than P, then we get a hemolytic type of anemia. If D hemolysis remains unchanged, but P decreases we get an aplastic type of anemia.

Allegory vs Metaphor: Conceptualizing French Kingdom in the 14th — 15th Centuries

Istoriya ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8 (106)) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Pavel Bychkov
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Political ◽  
Cognitive Tools ◽  
State Structure ◽  
Female Figure ◽  
Political Body ◽  
State And Society ◽  
Philosophical Doctrine

The article deals with the strategies used by French medieval authors of the 14th — 15th centuries to comprehend the state and society with the help of cognitive tools like metaphor and allegory. Writers and poets of that period, such as Nicolas Oresme, Eustache Deschamps, Jean Gerson, Christina de Pisan and others, use the same expressive means in their works, but the means themselves can be expressions of different, even opposite ideas. The article considers the metaphor of the political body and the allegorical figure of France, which French thinkers most frequently resorted to. The metaphor of the body expresses the idea of the integrity of the state, the harmonious combination and functionality of all parts of society, thus helping to form a political and philosophical doctrine of the state structure. Allegory, on the other hand, as a certain personification of this body, outlines the state as a female figure, becoming the archetypal “damsel in distress” in order to form an identity and loyal feelings in the reader. Thus, this or that trope dictated the model for describing the state, and vice versa-the choice of this or that trope signified the desire to convey certain ideas to potential recipients.

Leibowitz, Yeshayahu (1903–94)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Hartman
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Israeli Society ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The Political ◽  
Religious Thought ◽  
Political Reality ◽  
Religious Law ◽  
The One ◽  
State Of Israel

Unlike the major intellectual currents that shaped religious thought in the modern world, Leibowitz’s thought is deeply anchored in the Israeli context. Both as philosopher and activist, Leibowitz lived and articulated the paradoxes of modern Israel where he lived and was best known. His reputation as a Socratic gadfly to the establishment reflected his ongoing critique of both Israeli society in the light of Judaism, and Judaism in the light of the revolutionary implications of the creation of the State of Israel. On the one hand, he was a Jewish patriot, a fighter for Jewish independence from all forms of foreign rule; on the other hand, he was a harsh, relentless critic of national and political expressions of chauvinism in the Israeli establishment. A strictly observant Jew, Leibowitz had less impact on traditional religious Jews than on secular Israelis. His central message is that what makes Jews distinctive as a group is neither their theology nor their Bible, but the system of law with which they regulate their lives. Judaism is a communal concept, and there is no point in religious Jews ignoring the State of Israel, or expecting others to bear their civil burdens for them. Religious law has to be reconciled with life in the political reality of the state, and this necessitates changing those attitudes to the law which reflect the historical conditions of life in exile.

Representation and participation in the changing world of party politics

1998 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Mair
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Party Politics ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Political ◽  
Processes Of Change ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Mass Politics ◽  
The Future ◽  
The One

The 20th-century has been the century of mass politics, and the mass parties that emerged at the beginning of this century became deeply rooted within wider society. The passing of this golden age of the party has now been marked by two distinct processes of change. On the one hand, parties have become more distant from society and more closely linked to government and the state. On the other hand, there has been a decline in the political identities of the parties, such that voters now find it increasingly difficult to distinguish between them. These changes, and the related transformation of politics into administration, have led to a growth in popular indifference to parties and to politics in general, as well as to a declining sense of engagement. Should this trend continue, it is mass spectacle rather than mass involvement that is likely to characterize the future of mass politics.

scholarly journals Den filosofiske politiker – Frederik den Store og statsræsonen

2018 ◽  
pp. 55-70
Author(s):  
Mathias Hein Jessen
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Political ◽  
Military Force ◽  
Political Reality ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Reason Of State ◽  
The One ◽  
Political Thinker

Frederick the Great (ruled 1740-86) is one of the main figures of Enlightened Absolutism. Frederic was on the one hand an enlightened philosopher deeply inspired by the ideals of the Enlightenment. On the other hand he ruled one of the most autocratic states in history and commanded the strongest and most disciplined military force of his time. Despite his many writings, however, Frederick is rarely investigated as a political thinker. The article focuses on the political writings of Frederick the Great and more specifically on his use of the concept of reason of state to legitimize his rule, not least with regard to his enlightened ideals. In this struggle for legitimacy, Frederick abolishes the concept of a personal ruler, and in doing so becomes a fascinating figure in the transition from a personalized government to the abstract, depersonalized concept of the state that still dominates our political reality today.

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