scholarly journals A Critique of Poverty: Exploring the Underground of Social Philosophy

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 139-165
Author(s):  
Hélio Alexandre Silva
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Social Philosophy ◽  
Depressive Effect ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Normative Criterion ◽  
The Common ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
Social Wealth ◽  
Bare Minimum

Poverty is the primary focus of this paper; more particularly, the critique of poverty and not its mere description. It would not be an overstatement to say that one of the common grounds for poverty theories is that they describe the poor as those who systematically experience their lives in privation, namely around having the minimum when it comes to needs such as housing, food, health, education, free time, etc. There is, therefore, a theoretical and socially accepted orientation that promotes the sedimentation of a deep affinity between poverty and the minimum. Based on this reasoning, what is set on the horizon is a kind of non-explicit acceptance that the overcoming of poverty can be achieved by granting the poor something beyond the minimum, however elementary that “something extra” may be. Thus, if the experience of poverty involves some sort of lack or privation, and if this condition can be fully filled by something that has already been socially produced, then what would justify the fact that some people are able to fully fill it while others (the poor) can only secure the bare minimum? In light of this, perhaps it would be better not to question the acceptable “minimum” but, rather, to ask: Why would the notion of poverty be guided by this normative criterion? Therefore, a way of describing my broader hypothesis on poverty would be to understand that it should be measured based on the level of denial of access to what has been socially produced. The further one is from accessing social wealth, the poorer one is. Finally, this tendency toward assimilation between poverty and the minimum engenders a depressive effect on demands for social change.

Development within the limits of order, 1820–70

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Toye
Keyword(s):  
French Revolution ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Natural Rights ◽  
The Common Good ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Nineteenth Century France ◽  
The Common ◽  
State List ◽  
The French Revolution

After the upheavals of the French Revolution, Enlightenment thinkers were blamed for loosening the bonds of society. In nineteenth-century France, Saint-Simon advocated a social compromise whereby scientists and artists planned the path of progress while the propertied classes retained political power albeit acting as trustees for the interests of the poor. Comte called for a scientific sociology to inform the design of political institutions. In Britain, Bentham rejected the doctrine of natural rights in favour of the principle of utility, while J. S. Mill flirted with Comte’s positivism briefly. Marx made little impact and socialism came in the guise of Fabianism and middle-class trusteeship for the poor. In Germany, Hegel interpreted the French Revolution as a phase in a moral struggle for freedom and called for freedom to be reconciled with the idea of the common good embodied in the state. List envisaged the common good as protectionist trade policy.

Conclusion

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew S. Seligmann
Keyword(s):  
Corporal Punishment ◽  
Social Reform ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Religious Practice ◽  
Royal Navy ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Push Forward ◽  
The Common

As this book has shown the common conception that ‘Churchill’s “radical phase” was cast to the winds’ when he was put in charge of the Navy in October 1911, although well established in the literature, is not, in fact, accurate.1 The radical President of the Board of Trade, eager to improve the lives of the poor, became the radical Home Secretary, no less enthusiastic for social reform, who then became the radical First Lord of the Admiralty, imbued with both a desire and, perhaps more importantly, a will to intervene in order to better conditions for those who served in the Royal Navy. Accordingly, he embarked upon a major programme of improvement across a wide range of different areas all of which affected the everyday life of sailors. Alcohol intake, sexual behaviour, religious practice, corporal punishment, as well as pay and equality of progression, all came under the spotlight while Churchill was First Lord. Of course, not all of the new measures were successful and not all were progressive in the modern understanding of the term, but all of them represented significant attempts to push forward a radical agenda for change....

The Struggle of My Life

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Student Community ◽  
The Social ◽  
Freedom Fighters ◽  
Intractable Problems ◽  
History Of ◽  
National Life ◽  
The Common ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Freedom Movement

The present work, The Struggle of My Life: An Autobiography of Swami Sahajanand Saraswati, is an English translation of Sahajanand’s autobiography, written in Hindi, Mera Jeevan Sangarsh. It carries an introduction by the translator which briefly deals with the Swami’s life and legacy. It needs to be emphasized that this is not an autobiography in the common run. Its primary focus is not on Swami’s persona; its central theme is the cause of the freedom movement in general and in particular, of the peasant movement under his leadership. It tells of the life and legacy of one of the most uncompromising and fearless freedom fighters and peasant leaders. It covers the social and political history of one of the most crucial periods of our national life, 1920–47. Today, when the Indian peasantry is faced with a number of intractable problems, it reminds them of the struggles of the peasants of yesteryears and the kind of trials and tribulations they went through. It is also remarkable that despite his vast learning and command over Sanskrit, Swami chose to write in simple, colloquial Hindi. That only speaks for his total identification with the masses. Both the teaching and student community as well as general readers would find this book useful, interesting and intellectually stimulating.

The Virtues of Justice: Toward a Moral and Jurisprudential Psychology

2021 ◽  
pp. 0306624X2110668
Author(s):  
Christopher Williams ◽  
Bruce Arrigo
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Virtue Ethics ◽  
Human Nature ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Crime Control ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Offender Therapy ◽  
Psychological Structure ◽  
The Common ◽  
Over Time

Within the theoretical literature on crime control and offender therapy, little has been written about the importance of virtue ethics in the experience of human justice and in the evolution of the common good. As a theory of being, the aretaic tradition extols eudemonic existence (i.e., excellence, flourishing) as a relational habit of developing character that is both practiced and embodied over time. What this implies is that virtue justice depends on a set of assumptions and predispositions—both moral and jurisprudential—whose meanings are essential to comprehending its psychological structure. This article sets out to explore several themes that our integral to our thesis on the virtues (i.e., the being) of justice. We reclaim justice’s aretaic significance, critique the common conflation of justice and law, discuss how the dominant legalistic conception of justice is rooted in a particular view of human nature, suggest how justice might be more properly grounded in natural moral sensibilities, and provide a tentative explication of the psychological character of justice as a twofold moral disposition. Given this exploratory commentary, we conclude by reflecting on how individual well-being, system-wide progress, and transformative social change are both possible and practical, in the interest of promoting the virtues of justice within the practice of crime control and offender therapy.

scholarly journals Low Salt Diet Counseling as an Effort to Increase Knowledge of Hypertension Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 034-037
Author(s):  
Ani Sutriningsih ◽  
Pertiwi Perwiraningtyas ◽  
Wahyu Dini Metrikayanto
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Public Knowledge ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Low Salt ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Diet Counseling ◽  
Category Knowledge ◽  
Almost All

The prevalence of hypertension has increased throughout the year. Hypertension spreads widely because of the lack of knowledge and a healthy lifestyle. People's lifestyle which is more practical has an impact on the implementation of inappropriate hypertension diets and triggers various diseases. Based on this phenomenon, it is necessary to increase public knowledge about hypertension diets. The purpose of this activity was to provide counseling about a low-salt diet as an effort to increase knowledge of hypertension patients. The method was done by giving counseling about low salt diet through lectures to 30 hypertension patients who were routinely monitored at the Panti Rahayu Clinic. The pre test showed that almost all of the hypertension patients (80%) were in the poor category of knowledge. The post test showed that after being given counseling the knowledge of hypertension patients increased almost half (46%) were in the good category. Knowledge of hypertension patients increased after getting information through counseling activities about a low salt diet. Suggestions for clinics are expected to hold regular and periodic health education or promotion programs to provide information so as to increase the knowledge of hypertension patients.

scholarly journals Luther and Economic Questions

1910 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 131-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Alfred Faulkner
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
Kingdom Of God ◽  
The Other ◽  
Word Of God ◽  
The Common Good ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Special Knowledge ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Church

There are two facts to be borne in mind in regard to Luther's whole attitude to social and economic questions. The first is that ordinarily this was a territory to be confined to experts, in which ministers should not meddle. He believed that a special knowledge was necessary to deal with some of these matters, and that they had better be left to those to whom Providence had assigned them, whether the jurists, those clever in worldly knowledge, or the authorities. The other fact is that the Church after all has social duties, and that Church and clergy must fight flagrant abuses and try to bring in the Kingdom of God on earth. The Church must use the Word of God against sin and sinners, and so by spiritual ministries help the needs of the time. The authorities on their part shall proceed by strict justice against evil doers. But there is another fact here which it is necessary to mention to get Luther's whole attitude, viz., that the State's function is not simply to administer justice, but to secure the general weal. They shall do the very best they can for their subjects, says Luther. “The authorities shall serve their subjects and use their office not petulantly [nicht zu Mutwillen] but for the advancement of the common good, and especially for the poor.” The princes shall give laws which shall limit as far as possible social misery and national dangers. They should listen to the proposals of the Church to this end, and on the ground of wise counsels of churchmen, do away with old laws and make new ones.

Figuras Transgressivas da União Dos Contrários na Obra de Georg Simmel

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (42) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Teresa Sousa Fernandes ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Georg Simmel ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Common ◽  
Way Of Thinking ◽  
The Stranger

“Man is the limited being that has no limit”. Simmel’s paradox illustrates the singularity of a way of thinking centered on the unity of contraries. Wandering through a large variety of seemingly disconnected objects - “bridge and door”, “the ruin”, “the handle”, “the adventure”, “the poor”, “the stranger”... - , Simmel has questioned secret affinities, transgressed limits and dissolved borders in order to recognize, at last, the unity of life manifesting in a multiplicity of forms. The most decanted expression of this subject is found in the metaphysical essays published as his “testament” - Vision of Life (Lebensanschauung ). Elucidating the common threads that weave together the diverse themes, objects and disciplines to which Simmel dedicated himself, this last book is the fragment where the totality of his work is best reflected.

Digital Entrepreneurial Charity, Solidarity, and Social Change

2019 ◽  
pp. 921-942
Author(s):  
José Manuel Saiz-Alvarez ◽  
Jorge Colvin-Díez ◽  
Jorge Hernando Cuñado
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
New Wave ◽  
Digital Space ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Intensive Use ◽  
Peer Lending ◽  
Use Of Internet ◽  
The Impact

Microcredit has been studied from many perspectives. In this work, the authors analyze KIVA, the most important Person-to-Person microfinance organization from the viewpoint of social change, and they consider how it has impacted on the nascent of a new wave of entrepreneurs known as digital entrepreneurial charity. Applied to KIVA, the authors analyze the impact of the digital space and its Internet-based Peer-to-Peer Lending to create social change in the poor, while alleviating the poverty thanks to solidarity and charity. This work concludes affirming that banking the poor and education, with the intensive use of Internet-based devices, is the best way to alleviate poverty in the digital and globalized economic world. Finally, after their last research, the authors found some critics about Kiva and microcredits which might be interesting to be considered and these have been analyzed at the end of this work.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document