SOSIALISASI PEMERIKSAAN METODE IVA PADA WANITA USIA SUBUR (WUS) UNTUK DETEKSI DINI KANKER SERVIKS

ABSTRAKAngka kejadian kanker serviks yang masih cukup tinggi dipengaruhi olehperilaku deteksi dini yang masih rendah. Menurut Riskesdas 2018 tumor/kanker di Indonesia menunjukkan adanya peningkatan dari 1,4 per 1000 pendudukdi tahun 2013 menjadi 1,79 per 1000 penduduk pada tahun 2018. Hasil studi pendahuluan yang dilakukan di dusun I Desa Bantarjaya pada tahun 2021 dari 30 wanita usia subur, terdapat 23 orang tidak tahu apa itu IVA dan belum melakukan pemeriksaan IVA dan 7 orang sudah melakukan IVA Test. Sehingga capaian masih rendah karena minat dan motivasi wanita usia subur untuk melakukan pemeriksaan IVA untuk mendeteksi secaradini kanker serviks masihkurang. Pendidikan kesehatan perlu dilakukan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan minat ibu (WUS) tentang kanker serviks. Kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat ini memiliki tujuan untuk meningkatkan perilaku ibu diwilayah kerja Puskesmas Pebayuran dalam melakukan deteksi dini kanker serviks melalui pemeriksaan metode IVA. Metode pelaksanaan adalah dengan memberikan sosialisasi / penyuluhan tentang materi pemeriksaan metode IVA untuk mendeteksi secara dini kanker serviksdan dilanjutkan dengan tanya jawab dengan peserta. Hasil yang didapatkan dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah mengalami peningkatan pengetahuan dan minat wanita usia subur (WUS) dalam melakukan deteksi dini kanker serviks. Dari 45 responden sebelum sosialisasi memiliki pengetahuan dalam kategori cukup 64,41 %, mengalami peningkatan pengetahuan dalam kategori baik 93,53 %. Dari hasil sosialisasi / penyuluhan dan evaluasi beberapa wanita usia subur bersediauntukmelakukanpemeriksaanIVA di Puskesmas Pebayuran , hal ini menunjukkan bahwa adanya peningkatan motivasi setelah pelaksanaan kegiatan sosialisasi/penyuluhan.Sosialisasi / penyuluhan pemeriksaan metode IVA pada wanita usia subur dapat meningkatkan kesadaran wanita usia subur dalam melakukan pemeriksaan IVA untuk mendeteksi secara dini dalam upaya mengendalikan kejadian kanke rserviks.Setelah pelaksanaan pengabdian masyarakat ini diharapkan ibu akan tetap rutin melakukan deteksi dini dengan didukung peran aktifkader dan tenaga kesehatan. KataKunci : sosialisasi; pemeriksaan IVA; wanita usia subur. ABSTRACTRecently, the high incident number of servics cancer was influenced by the low early detected behavior. According to Riskesdas 2018, it stated that tumor/cancer in Indonesia increased 1,4 per 1000 citizen in 2013 to 1,79 per 1000 citizen in 2018. The preliminary study result was conducted at Dusun 1, Bantarjaya Village in 2021 of 30 childbearing age women. There were 23 women who did not know what IVA test was, and there were 7 women who had done the IVA test. Therefore, the expected target of servics cancer test was still in low level. It all was because they did not have interest and motivation to do the IVA test for preventing action of servics cancer.The health education was required to increase the knowledge and interest of a mother (WUS) to servics cancer. This society study was dedicated to enhance the mother’s behavior at working area of Pabayuran Public Health Centre. It was in order to detect the early test of servics cancer through IVA method test.The result stated that the society dedication activity succeeded to increase the interest and motivation of the childbearing age women (WUS) to take the early detected test of servics cancer. Before doing the socialization, there were 45 respondents had the average category knowledge of servics cancer, and the score was 64, 41%. Moreover, after doing the socialization, it became 93, 53%. Based on the socialization / counseling, there were several childbearing age women who conducted the IVA test at Pabayuran Public Health Centre. It showed that there wassome enhancement of motivation after doing the socialization/ counseling.The socialization/counseling of IVA method test on childbearing age women increased the childbearing age women awareness to conduct the IVA test for controlling the servics cancer incident. The society dedication activity purposed to every mother to take the IVA test regularly for early detected test of service cancer which was supported by the active cadres and health workers. Key words : socialization; IVA test; childbearing age women

Low Salt Diet Counseling as an Effort to Increase Knowledge of Hypertension Patients

The prevalence of hypertension has increased throughout the year. Hypertension spreads widely because of the lack of knowledge and a healthy lifestyle. People's lifestyle which is more practical has an impact on the implementation of inappropriate hypertension diets and triggers various diseases. Based on this phenomenon, it is necessary to increase public knowledge about hypertension diets. The purpose of this activity was to provide counseling about a low-salt diet as an effort to increase knowledge of hypertension patients. The method was done by giving counseling about low salt diet through lectures to 30 hypertension patients who were routinely monitored at the Panti Rahayu Clinic. The pre test showed that almost all of the hypertension patients (80%) were in the poor category of knowledge. The post test showed that after being given counseling the knowledge of hypertension patients increased almost half (46%) were in the good category. Knowledge of hypertension patients increased after getting information through counseling activities about a low salt diet. Suggestions for clinics are expected to hold regular and periodic health education or promotion programs to provide information so as to increase the knowledge of hypertension patients.

Peningkatan Pengetahuan tentang Kanker Serviks pada Kader sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Cakupan Deteksi Dini Kanker Serviks

Cervical cancer is still a scourge for women in the world. The low coverage of early detection of cervical cancer is one of the causes of high mortality due to late treatment. One factor influencing women's participation of childbearing age in cervical cancer early detection is access to information and cadres' role. This community service aims to increase the knowledge of health cadres about early detection of cervical cancer as a requirement for health promotion to women. The methods used in this activity were lectures, question and answer, and discussion. The participants were 13 health cadres in Sumberrahayu Village, Limbangan District. The result is an increase in good category knowledge (15.5 to 76.9%). Increasing cadres' knowledge can be used as a model for community empowerment in upgrading the childbearing age women's knowledge about early detection of cervical cancer.

Incidental Exposure to Categories

Our knowledge of the world is populated with categories such as dogs, cups, and chairs. Such categories shape how we perceive, remember, and reason about their members. Much of our exposure to the entities we come to categorize occurs incidentally as we experience and interact with them in our everyday lives, with limited access to explicit teaching. This research investigated whether incidental exposure contributes to building category knowledge by rendering people "ready-to-learn" - allowing them to rapidly capitalize on brief access to explicit teaching. Across five experiments (N = 438), we found that incidental exposure did produce a ready-to-learn effect, even when learners showed no evidence of robust category learning during exposure. Importantly, this readiness to learn occurred only when categories possessed a rich structure in which many features were correlated within categories. These findings offer a window into how our everyday experiences may contribute to building category knowledge.

Gambaran Pengetahuan Ibu tentang KB Suntik 1 Bulan di Klinik Pratama Tanjung Deli Tua Tahun 2021

Introduction : Contraceptive injections are one of the contraceptive methods available in Indonesia that serve to prevent the occurrence of pregnancy through hormonal injections. Hormonal contraceptive type birth control injections one of them injectable kb 1 month. This 1-month injectable birth control can prevent egg release or ovulation every month. In addition, this kb also thickens cervical mucus, making it difficult for sperm to move through the cervix. This contraceptive also thins the lining of the uterus so that the fertilized egg is more difficult to implant in the uterus. Method : This study aims to find out an overview of the mother's knowledge about 1 month injectable birth control at Klinik Pratama Tanjung Deli Tua in 2021. This research uses descriptive methods. The samples in this study are all kb acceptors who are still active and visited Klinik Pratama Tanjung Deli Tua in 2021 with a total of 30 respondents. Researchers used primary and secondary data that was processed using SPSS and presented using open tables. Result : The results of the study were as follows: of 30 respondents who were knowledgeable with a good category of 8 people (26.7%), followed by enough category knowledge as many as 10 people (33.3%), and knowledge with a category of less than 12 people (40.0%). Conclusion : The lack of knowledge of the mother about the injectable kb 1 month, it is expected that health workers can provide counseling to the new and recurring KB acceptors about the injectable kb 1 month

Do Infants Really Learn Phonetic Categories?

Early changes in infants’ ability to perceive native and nonnative speech sound contrasts are typically attributed to their developing knowledge of phonetic categories. We critically examine this hypothesis and argue that there is little direct evidence of category knowledge in infancy. We then propose an alternative account in which infants’ perception changes because they are learning a perceptual space that is appropriate to represent speech, without yet caring up that space into phonetic categories. If correct this new account has substantial implications for understanding early language development.

Defining “information resources” in the era of information space development

The study is novel in that the author attempts to define unequivocally the term "information resources" to be integrated into scientific, professional and regulatory discourse. The concept of information resources is one of the key ones for building information society and information space, meanwhile it has been still interpreted equivocally. The author analyzes the meaning of the term “information resources” as used in reference, legal, regulatory and scientific documents. He also reviews its historical background from the very introduction till nowadays. In considering the phenomenon of information resources, the author proceeds from the category "knowledge," which serves as a link in embracing the nature, development and use of technologies, and life activities. This approach forms the basis for the model of information resources circulation from individuals to the society using computer and communication technology. The importance of information resources in the era of information space development is emphasized. The author proposes the component structure of information resources to comprise five elements: the society, hardware, software (software), data and knowledge bases, and communication. Each element of this structure comprises a number of complementary components. The findings of the study evidence on the significant role of the term in research, library and information activities, as well on the need to include this term in law and regulatory documents.

Coherent category training enhances generalization and increases reliance on prototype representations

A major question for the study of learning and memory is how to tailor learning experiences to promote knowledge that generalizes to new situations. Using category learning as a representative domain, the present study tested two factors thought to influence acquisition of conceptual knowledge: the number of training examples (set size) and the similarity of training examples to the category average (set coherence). Across participants, size and coherence of category training sets were varied in a fully-crossed design. After training, participants demonstrated the breadth of their category knowledge by categorizing novel examples varying in their distance from the category center. Results showed better generalization following more coherent training sets, even when categorizing items furthest from the category center. There was little effect of set size. We also tested the types of representations underlying categorization decisions by fitting formal prototype and exemplar models. Prototype models posit abstract category representations based on the category’s central tendency, whereas exemplar models posit that categories are represented by individual category members. We show that more subjects rely on a prototype strategy following high coherence training, suggesting that more coherent training sets facilitate extraction of the category average. Together, these results provide strong evidence for the benefit of training on examples that are similar to one another and to the category center.

Nonverbal category knowledge limits the amount of information encoded in object representations: EEG evidence from 12-month-old infants

To what extent does language shape how we think about the world? Studies suggest that linguistic symbols expressing conceptual categories (‘apple’, ‘squirrel’) make us focus on categorical information (e.g. that you saw a squirrel) and disregard individual information (e.g. whether that squirrel had a long or short tail). Across two experiments with preverbal infants, we demonstrated that it is not language but nonverbal category knowledge that determines what information is packed into object representations. Twelve-month-olds ( N = 48) participated in an electroencephalography (EEG) change-detection task involving objects undergoing a brief occlusion. When viewing objects from unfamiliar categories, infants detected both across- and within-category changes, as evidenced by their negative central wave (Nc) event-related potential. Conversely, when viewing objects from familiar categories, they did not respond to within-category changes, which indicates that nonverbal category knowledge interfered with the representation of individual surface features necessary to detect such changes. Furthermore, distinct patterns of γ and α oscillations between familiar and unfamiliar categories were evident before and during occlusion, suggesting that categorization had an influence on the format of recruited object representations. Thus, we show that nonverbal category knowledge has rapid and enduring effects on object representation and discuss their functional significance for generic knowledge acquisition in the absence of language.