scholarly journals Evaluation of peroxide index and oxidative rancidity of broiler diets and the occurrence of breast muscle anomalies

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Weber de Menezes Calasans ◽  
Thales Quedi Furian ◽  
Karen Apellanis Borges ◽  
Lara Franco Dos Santos ◽  
Carla Patrícia Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Muscle ◽  
Oxidative Rancidity

scholarly journals Mineral Element Deposition and Gene Expression across Different Tissues of Cherry Valley Ducks

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 238
Author(s):  
Qianqian Song ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Hao Bai ◽  
Li Zhong ◽  
Xiaofan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Breast Muscle ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Atomic Fluorescence ◽  
Breeding Efficiency ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Different Tissues

This study was conducted to investigate the deposition of several mineral elements and the mRNA levels of mineral-related genes across different tissues of cherry valley ducks. The contents of magnesium (Mg), potassium (K), zinc (Zn), and selenium (Se) in ducks’ breast muscle, thigh muscle, liver, skin, and tibia at the age of 0, 21, 35, 49, and 63 days, respectively, were measured using an atomic fluorescence spectrophotometer, while the mRNA levels of mineral-related genes were detected by qRT-PCR. The results revealed that the dynamics of Mg and K were generally similar in each tissue, with a significant positive correlation (p < 0.05). In the breast muscle, thigh muscle, and liver, the contents of almost all mineral elements reached their peak values (p < 0.05) at the age of 49 to 63 days. Interestingly, the expression of most mineral-related genes was the highest at birth (p < 0.05). In addition, there was a significant negative correlation between the expression of ATP1A1 and the deposition of K (r = −0.957, p < 0.05), and a similar result was found for the expression of ATP8 and the deposition of Zn (r = −0.905, p < 0.05). Taken together, Mg and K could be used as joint indicators for the precise breeding of the high-quality strain of cherry valley ducks, while the age of 49 to 63 days could be used as the reference for the best marketing age. In addition, ATP1A1 and ATP8 could be used as the key genes to detect K and Zn, respectively. Hence, the findings of this study can be used to improve the production and breeding efficiency of high-quality meat ducks.

scholarly journals Silver Nanoparticles as Modulators of Myogenesis-Related Gene Expression in Chicken Embryos

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 629
Author(s):  
Walaa A. Husseiny ◽  
Abeer A. I. Hassanin ◽  
Adel A. S. El Nabtiti ◽  
Karim Khalil ◽  
Ahmed Elaswad
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Placebo Treatment ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Breast Muscle ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
In Ovo ◽  
Chicken Embryos ◽  
Muscle Tissues ◽  
Myogenic Factor

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of colloidal nanoparticles of silver (Nano-Ag) on the expression of myogenesis-related genes in chicken embryos. The investigated genes included the members of the myogenic regulatory factors family (MRFs) and myocyte enhancer factor 2A (MEF2A) genes. A total of 200 fertilized broiler eggs (Indian River) were randomly distributed into four groups; non-injected control, injected control with placebo, treatment I in ovo injected with 20 ppm Nano-Ag, and treatment II in ovo injected with 40 ppm Nano-Ag. The eggs were then incubated for 21 days at the optimum temperature and humidity conditions. Breast muscle tissues were collected at the 5th, 8th, and 18th days of the incubation period. The mRNA expression of myogenic determination factor 1 (MYOD1), myogenic factor 5 (MYF5), myogenic factor 6 (MYF6), myogenin (MYOG), and MEF2A was measured at the three sampling points using real-time quantitative PCR, while MYOD1 protein expression was evaluated on day 18 using western blot. Breast muscle tissues were histologically examined on day 18 to detect the changes at the cellular level. Our results indicate that myogenesis was enhanced with the low concentration (20 ppm) of Nano-Ag due to the higher expression of MYOD1, MYF5, and MYF6 at the transcriptional level and MYOD1 at the translational level. Moreover, histological analysis revealed the presence of hyperplasia (31.4% more muscle fibers) in treatment I (injected with 20 ppm). Our findings indicate that in ovo injection of 20 ppm Nano-Ag enhances the development of muscles in chicken embryos compared with the 40-ppm dosage and provide crucial information for the use of silver nanoparticles in poultry production.

A comprehensive analysis of QTL for abdominal fat and breast muscle weights on chicken chromosome 5 using a multivariate approach

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Le Mignon ◽  
F. Pitel ◽  
H. Gilbert ◽  
E. Le Bihan-Duval ◽  
F. Vignoles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Breast Muscle ◽  
Chicken Chromosome ◽  
Multivariate Approach ◽  
Chromosome 5

STARCH GEL ELECTROPHORESIS OF MYOGEN FROM CHICKEN BREAST MUSCLE IN CONSTANT AND GRADIENT BUFFER SYSTEMS

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 369-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Neelin
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Breast Muscle ◽  
Chicken Breast ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Sodium Cacodylate ◽  
Gradient Systems ◽  
Optimal Separation ◽  
Starch Gel

By varying conditions of starch gel electrophoresis, factors contributing to the resolution of myogen proteins from chicken breast muscle have been studied. Variables examined included composition of the myogen extractant, protein concentration, ionic strength of electrophoretic media, pH of gel media, plane and direction of electrophoresis, and the nature of cations and anions in gel media and bridge solutions. The significance of anions was more closely studied with constant buffer systems, and gradient systems in which bridge electrolyte differed from, and gradually altered, the gel medium. Optimal separation was obtained in gradient systems with 0.10 M sodium chloride bridge solutions, and gel media of sodium cacodylate, pH 6.9, μ 0.010, which resolved 12 cationic zones, and sodium veronal, pH 7.4, μ 0.010, which resolved 10 anionic zones. These buffers in two-dimensional sequence revealed a total of about 24 components in this myogen.

Chronic Heat Stress Impairs the Quality of Breast-Muscle Meat in Broilers by Affecting Redox Status and Energy-Substance Metabolism

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (51) ◽  
pp. 11251-11258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuang Lu ◽  
Xiaofang He ◽  
Bingbing Ma ◽  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Jiaolong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Breast Muscle ◽  
Substance Metabolism

scholarly journals Lysosomal enzymes and vitamin E deficiency

1967 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Bunyan ◽  
J. Green ◽  
A. T. Diplock ◽  
D. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Subcellular Distribution ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Hydrolytic Activity ◽  
Breast Muscle ◽  
Lysosomal Hydrolases ◽  
Exudative Diathesis ◽  
Glucuronidase Activity ◽  
Deficiency Diseases ◽  
Increased Activity

1. The activities of several lysosomal hydrolases were measured in the tissues of chicks suffering from nutritional muscular dystrophy, encephalomalacia or exudative diathesis.2. In dystrophic breast muscle, β-glucuronidase was raised five- to six-fold, cathepsin fourfold and acid phosphatase 1.5-fold. No change was found in the subcellular distribution of β-glucuronidase.3. Chicks with encephalomalacia showed no changes in the β-glucuronidase, β-galactosidase, acid phosphatase or β-acetylglucosaminase activities of cerebellum or brain. Subcellular distribution of β-glucuronidase and β-galactosidase in these tissues was also unchanged.4. In exudative diathesis, hydrolases were found in the exudate, and there was increased activity in the subcutaneous tissue first showing haemorrhages. Increased hydrolytic activity was found in liver, spleen and kidney. Breast muscle was not always affected by the exudative condition, but, when it too degenerated, its hydrolase activity increased.5. β-Glucuronidase activity was measured in the serums of chicks suffering from each of the three deficiency diseases. None of the diseases caused a rise in activity.

scholarly journals Mapping quantitative trait loci affecting fatness and breast muscle weight in meat-type chicken lines divergently selected on abdominal fatness

2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandrine Lagarrigue ◽  
Frédérique Pitel ◽  
Wilfrid Carré ◽  
Behnam Abasht ◽  
Pascale Le Roy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Breast Muscle ◽  
Muscle Weight ◽  
Trait Loci ◽  
Abdominal Fatness ◽  
Meat Type

Multiple Forms of Phosphoglyceromutase from Chicken Breast Muscle

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 1132-1142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric James ◽  
R. O. Hurst ◽  
T. G. Flynn
Keyword(s):  
Specific Activity ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Diffusion Constant ◽  
Sedimentation Coefficient ◽  
Breast Muscle ◽  
Heat Inactivation ◽  
Chicken Breast ◽  
Multiple Forms ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Net Charges

Phosphoglyceromutase (2,3-diphospho-D-glycerate: 2-phospho-D-glycerate phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.5.3) has been purified from both frozen and fresh chicken breast muscle. During purification it was found that substrate, 3-phospho-D-glycerate stabilized the enzyme against heat inactivation to almost the same extent as did the cofactor 2,3-diphospho-D-glycerate.Phosphoglyceromutase prepared from frozen chicken breast muscle separated into three peaks of activity (I, II, and III) following chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex in 0.05 μ phosphate buffer, pH 8.0, using a 0.0–0.4 M NaCl gradient. Each peak of activity was shown by polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis at pH 9.3 to contain two enzymically active components (isoenzymes Ia Ib, IIa IIb, and IIIa IIIb). Isoenzymes in the same peak had the same specific activity. Phosphoglyceromutase prepared from fresh chicken breast muscle yielded only one peak of activity following chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex. This peak contained two enzymically active components corresponding to isoenzymes Ia and Ib. Additional peaks of activity were not produced when phosphoglyceromutase from fresh muscle was subjected to freezing and thawing.Isoenzyme Ia and mixtures of Ia and Ib, IIa and IIb, and IIIa and IIIb were homogeneous in the ultra-centrifuge sedimenting as single peaks. The sedimentation coefficient obtained for isoenzyme Ia and for Ia and Ib combined was 4.15 S, the diffusion constant 6.62 × 10−7 cm2/s, and the molecular weight calculated from both gel filtration and sedimentation data was of the order of 59 000. These results were confirmed by charge isomer studies which also showed that the isoenzymes of phosphoglyceromutase from frozen chicken breast muscle were proteins of the same size but different net charges.

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