Gender and opportunity recognition: does social capital rank higher than human capital among poor women?

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 542
Author(s):  
Caroline Kinya Mbaya ◽  
Glòria Estapé Dubreuil
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Opportunity Recognition ◽  
Poor Women

Predicting entrepreneurial opportunity recognition in higher education: a case from Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Mehdizadeh ◽  
Hesamedin Gholami ◽  
Nematollah Shiri ◽  
Mojgan Khoshmaram
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Opportunity Recognition ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Capital Social ◽  
Entrepreneurial Opportunity ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Environmental Support

PurposeAlthough extensive governmental efforts have taken place to promote entrepreneurship in Iran, based on global entrepreneurship monitor report, the rate of perceived opportunities among young people, especially those with university education, has dropped. Since the perceived entrepreneurial opportunities are the first and most important step in the entrepreneurship process, this study identified the factors affecting the entrepreneurial opportunity recognition in Iranian higher education.Design/methodology/approachThe statistical population included 127 senior undergraduate students in all majors of agriculture at Ilam University. The sample size was determined by using the Krejcie and Morgan’s (1970) sampling table to be 100 senior undergraduate agriculture students at Ilam University, Ilam province, Iran, selected through a stratified random sampling technique.FindingsThe results showed that the perceived entrepreneurial opportunity among students was moderately low. According to structural equation modeling, the alertness, human capital, social capital and environmental support variables had a positive and significant effect on the entrepreneurial opportunity recognition.Research limitations/implicationsRegarding the research implications, the present study, with providing and testing a model for developing the entrepreneurial opportunity recognition among students in a developing country (Iran) with diverse cultures and values, has improved the literature of entrepreneurship in higher education.Practical implicationsBased on results instructors in higher agricultural education can use active teaching and learning methods, such as creating ideas, experiential and service learning, teamwork and practical work, critical thinking and problem-solving in education. Also, financial, technical and consultative support of instructors and managers in agricultural colleges to implement, launch and commercialize agricultural students' entrepreneurial ideas and projects is needed.Originality/valueThe findings indicated the importance of alertness, human capital, social capital and environmental support on the entrepreneurial opportunity recognition among students. Findings showed that ecological approach could be used to develop students' entrepreneurial opportunity recognition.

scholarly journals Social capital and economic growth in the regions of Europe

2021 ◽  
pp. 0308518X2110000
Author(s):  
Jonathan Muringani ◽  
Rune D Fitjar ◽  
Andrés Rodríguez-Pose
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Knowledge Flows ◽  
Regional Economic Growth ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
Regional Economic ◽  
Bonding Social Capital ◽  
Bridging Social Capital

Social capital is an important factor explaining differences in economic growth among regions. However, the key distinction between bonding social capital, which can lead to lock-in and myopia, and bridging social capital, which promotes knowledge flows across diverse groups, has been overlooked in growth research. In this paper, we address this shortcoming by examining how bonding and bridging social capital affect regional economic growth, using data for 190 regions in 21 EU countries, covering eight waves of the European Social Survey between 2002 and 2016. The findings confirm that bridging social capital is linked to higher levels of regional economic growth. Bonding social capital is highly correlated with bridging social capital and associated with lower growth when this is controlled for. We do not find significantly different effects of bonding social capital in regions with more or less bridging social capital, or vice versa. We examine the interaction between social and human capital, finding that bridging social capital is fundamental for stimulating economic growth, especially in low-skilled regions. Human capital also moderates the relationship between bonding social capital and growth, reducing the negative externalities imposed by excessive bonding.

Human Capital Resources Emergence: The Role of Social Capital

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlin Ray ◽  
Anthony J. Nyberg ◽  
Mark Andrew Maltarich
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Human Capital

scholarly journals Can Social Capital and Psychological Capital Improve the Entrepreneurial Performance of the New Generation of Migrant Workers in China?

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyu Ma ◽  
Federico Topolansky Barbe ◽  
Yongmei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Opportunity Recognition ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Entrepreneurial Opportunity ◽  
Entrepreneurial Performance ◽  
Environment Perception ◽  
New Generation

The new generation of migrant workers may play a crucial role in boosting China’s rural economy. With the rise of knowledge economy and the advent of the information age, it is difficult for human capital and economic capital alone to gain advantages in entrepreneurship. Thus, the study of social capital and psychological capital becomes more prominent. Within this context, this paper explores the relationships among entrepreneurs’ psychological capital, social capital, and entrepreneurial outcomes for the new generation of migrant workers in the Shaanxi province. This study uses a quantitative research approach. Primary data were collected from 525 rural households in the Shaanxi province. A structural equation model is used to verify the association between social capital, psychological capital, and entrepreneurial performance. The psychological capital of the new generation of migrant workers is found to exert a more significant impact on their entrepreneurial opportunity recognition and entrepreneurial environment perception than social capital. Both entrepreneurial opportunity recognition and entrepreneurial environment perception of the new generation of migrant workers are conducive to the improvement of entrepreneurial performance. Nevertheless, the intermediary role of entrepreneurial opportunity recognition is more prominent than entrepreneurial environment perception.

scholarly journals The Use of Human Capital and Limitations of Social Capital in Advancing Economic Security among Immigrant Women Living in Central Alberta, Canada

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Choon-Lee Chai ◽  
Kayla Ueland ◽  
Tabitha Phiri
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Immigrant Women ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Bonding Social Capital ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Alternative Resource

In this research, the challenges of using human capital and the effectiveness of social capital as an alternative resource used by immigrant women from non-English-speaking countries living in Central Alberta for them to attain economic security are studied. Evidence indicates heavy use of bonding social capital by immigrant women—primarily through family, ethnic, and religious networks—as a “survival” resource at the initial stage of settlement. The bonding social capital is relatively easy to access; nevertheless, in the case of visible minority immigrant women living in Central Alberta, bonding social capital has limited capacity in helping them to obtain economic security because their family and friends themselves often lack economic resources. As a result, these immigrant women are expected to compete in the labor market using their human capital to obtain higher-paying jobs. The challenge among immigrant women remains in seeking recognition of non-Canadian credentials, and/or successful acquisition and deployment of Canadian credentials in the primary labor market.

The impact of intellectual capital and knowledge flows on incremental and radical innovation

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2/3) ◽  
pp. 149-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duy Quoc Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Radical Innovation ◽  
Knowledge Flows ◽  
Innovation Performance ◽  
Incremental Innovation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Radical Innovations ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop a theoretical and empirical exploration of link between organization intellectual capital and knowledge flows with its incremental and radical innovation performance.Design/methodology/approachThis paper adopts relevant literature of social capital and organizational learning to examine the impact of intellectual capital and knowledge flows on incremental and radical innovation based on surveying 95 firms. To test the research hypotheses, regression analysis is used.FindingsResults of the study show that human capital and top-down knowledge flows significantly and positively influence both incremental and radical innovations. Social capital and bottom-up knowledge flows do not have any significant impact on incremental or/and radical innovation. Organizational capital has a positive impact on incremental innovation as expected.Practical implicationsThe results offer several practical implications for business managers to harvest its knowledge bases resident in the firm’s different forms appropriately to make innovation successful. Particularly, knowledge resident in human capital and organizational capital is useful for making incremental innovation. Especially, new knowledge, new skills and new perspectives resident in human capital are crucial important for making radical innovation. Both incremental and radical innovations are positively influenced by dynamic managerial capabilities.Originality/valueThis study contributes to literature by providing new evidence linking organization intellectual capital and knowledge flows with its innovation performance. Especially, the missing link between top-down knowledge flows and radical innovation is empirically examined. Value of this study is that social capital and bottom-up knowledge flows are not universally beneficial for enhancing innovation and their impacts on innovation performance are context dependent and more sophisticated than it is recognized in the literature.

scholarly journals A Correlation Study between Social Capital and Knowledge Management with Emphasis on the Human Capital - The Case Study: Payame Noor University of Hormozgan (Bandarabbas)

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Mansooreh Dastranj
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Knowledge Acquisition ◽  
Knowledge Creation ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Correlation Study ◽  
Knowledge Transmission ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Transmission Of Knowledge

<p>Universities because of the importance and position they play in the every countries’ socio-economic development, require attention to personnel social capital at the university, because the social capital, makes effective knowledge management possible.</p><p>With respect to the importance of social and human capital and knowledge management, the present study was done to explore the relationship between social capital and knowledge management with emphasis on the human capital.<strong> </strong></p><p>This research is survey- descriptive of correlation type and the required data were collected through library-field. The subjects in this study consist of Payame Noor University staff of Hormozgan province.</p><p>In this study, 54 staff of Bandar Abbas Payame Noor University were selected through random sampling. After gathering the required data through knowledge management questionnaire, knowledge management processes were measured based on the five dimensions such as the capture of knowledge, acquisition of knowledge, transmission of knowledge, creation of knowledge and application of knowledge. In order to provide for the reliability of the questionaire cronbachs alpha was used. In order to check the significance of the difference between responses descriptive and inferential statistics such as regression, one way anova and t test were run using SPSS version 20. The result show that the staff means score of knowledge management was 76/66±20/48. The result shows that there was a significant relationship between social capital and knowledge management. Also there was a significant relationship between social capital and the five components of knowledge management such as capture of knowledge, acquisition of knowledge, transmission of knowledge, creation of knowledge and application of knowledge. Also there was a significant relationship between human capital and the component of knowledge management.</p>

scholarly journals PEMBENTUKAN MODEL PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI PENGEMBANGAN BUDAYA KEWIRAUSAHAAN UNTUK MENGURANGI PENGANGGURAN DAN KEMISKINAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Sukhemi Sukhemi ◽  
Siti Maisaroh
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Entrepreneurial Skills ◽  
Entrepreneurial Culture ◽  
Local Institution ◽  
Empowerment Model

ABSTRACT   This study aims to examine the model’s formation that can reduce the problem of unemployment and poverty. In accordance with these objectives,  there are several principal problems studied in this research that are; (1) how the approach to poverty reduction programs should be made, (2) how the potential of local institutions' resources are able to act as virtuous circles to reduce the poverty, (3) how the community empowerment model system based on the potential of local wisdom resources and institutions local communities should be conducted in order to be able to significantly reduce the number of local poor community, independent and sustainable. This research was conducted at Muntuk Village due to it is classified as a backward village and it still has the good local wisdom potential to be developed further. This research applies participatory research method to the craftsmen group chosen as pioneer in forming the community empowerment model. The main subjects in this research are; craftsmen group and socio economic community societies at Muntuk Village. The subjects of this study are determined by purposive sampling. Data collection techniques are done through interview, FGD, and analytical descriptive analysis. The result of the research shows that the link and the integration among the bamboo handicraft industry, the local institution’s role, the entrepreneurship spirit and the work ethic of the craftsmen group through the entrepreneurial skills development and social entrepreneurship culture are able to be a virtuous circle or the virtue circle to cut the poverty problem, more independent and sustainable, from the original still powerless to be powerful. The strengthening of empowerment model supported by the strength of human capital, social capital, and also citizens participate actively, were increasingly able to produce a form of community empowerment model. Furthermore, the empowerment model is more strongly built through six pillars namely; industrial structure, entrepreneurship spirit, human capital and social capital factors, local institution, infrastructure and conductive environment. All sub-systems in each of these pillars are interconnected in a system namely community empowerment system model through the development of an entrepreneurial culture to alleviate unemployment and poverty. Keywords : Empowerment Model, Enterpreneur Culture, Unemployment and Poverty

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