11 Sharing Economy: How Digital Technologies Have Changed Economic Reality

Industry 4.0 ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 95-106
Author(s):  
Valery V. Gusev ◽  
Gamzat U. Magomedbekov ◽  
Gulnaz F. Galieva ◽  
Marina A. Gundorova ◽  
Zhanna A. Shadrina
Keyword(s):  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Economic Reality

scholarly journals Transaction Frame Determines Preferences: Valuation of Labor by Employee and Contractor

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 634-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilana Ritov ◽  
Amos Schurr
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Research ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Wage Setting ◽  
Perspective Drawing ◽  
Economic Reality ◽  
Traditional Economy ◽  
Reference Dependent Preferences ◽  
Contract Pricing

A major concern in today’s economic reality is the extent to which a sharing economy, in comparison with a traditional economy, promotes inequality. In the transformation from a traditional to a sharing economy, wage setting is replaced by contract pricing. The switch to contract trading implies that the party who carries out the labor evaluates the transaction from a buyer’s rather than a seller’s perspective. Drawing on psychological research on constructed and reference-dependent preferences, we predicted that the net valuation of work would decrease when the regimen involved contract trading. Three experiments ( N = 1,105) eliciting work valuation under the two regimens confirmed our prediction, thus pointing to a novel factor that increases inequality.

Problems of Using Artifi cial Intelligence in Accounting

Auditor ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
N. Mislavskaya
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Computer Systems ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
National Accounting ◽  
Modern Computer ◽  
Expert Assessments ◽  
Economic Reality

The article is devoted to the problems that await the national accounting system in the future in connection with the development of digital technologies and the corresponding use of artificial intelligence. The complexity of accounting tasks to reflect economic reality in the context of increasing the significance of probabilistic expert assessments is analyzed from the point of view of the utilitarian capabilities of modern computer systems. As a result, the author comes to the conclusion that it is impossible and unacceptable to eliminate accounting employees from their professional duties. Otherwise, the magnitude of the accumulated errors will affect the financial statements and the declared data will become risky and unsuitable for making management decisions.

The Impact of the Sharing Economy on Household Bankruptcy

MIS Quarterly ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 1213-1248
Author(s):  
Tingting Nian ◽  
◽  
Yuyuan (Anthony) Zhu ◽  
Vijay Gurbaxani ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Consumer Credit ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Personal Bankruptcy ◽  
The Past ◽  
Default Rates ◽  
Credit Default ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Bankruptcy Rate

Powered by digital technologies, many peer-to-peer platforms, or what is called the sharing economy, have emerged in the past decade. Although the impact of the sharing economy has received considerable attention over the past few years, extant research has not fully documented the impact of the sharing economy on consumers, workers, industry, or society as a whole. In this study, we exploit the geographical and temporal variation in Uber’s entry to examine its impact on the personal bankruptcy rate as well as on other consumer credit default rates. We empirically document the changes in personal bankruptcy filings after Uber’s entry, and show that personal bankruptcy filings under Chapter 7 experience a drop of 0.047 per 1,000 people after Uber enters a county, which translates to a 3.26% reduction in quarterly bankruptcy filings. Uber’s entry also leads to a reduction in Chapter 13 personal bankruptcy filings, but to a smaller degree (0.018 cases per 1,000 people per quarter). We check the validity of our estimates using business bankruptcy filings, which we find are uncorrelated with Uber’s entry.

scholarly journals Drivers of the Economy in the Context of the Coronavirus Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-30
Author(s):  
E. V. Popov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Institutional Economic ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

The purpose of this study is to systematize the drivers of the economy in a complicated epidemiological situation. The research hypothesis is that under the conditions of severe epidemiological restrictions, drivers of advanced digital technologies and modeling of the applications of these technologies are becoming a priority for economic development. The object of this study is economic activity in a difficult epidemiological situation. The subject matter of the research is economic relations that generate drivers-technologies and applications that ensure the progressive development of economic activity. The research method is logical system analysis of factors, technologies, and technological applications. The algorithm of this study comprised the following stages. First, we analyzed the results of published studies on the economics of complicated epidemiological situations. Then we highlighted the problems of economic activity. Further, we proposed solutions to these problems using advanced digital technologies and applications of these technologies. In conclusion, we analyzed possible directions for modeling the drivers of the economy in the context of the coronavirus pandemic. The problems of economic activity during the coronavirus pandemic are highlighted. These problems include the problems of reducing contacts between people, transparency of information, taking into account people's needs, accounting for resources, and reallocation of resources. The solution of these problems is systematized based on the use of advanced digital technologies and applications of these technologies as drivers of the economy. Cloud technologies, digital platforms and blockchain technologies, as well as applications of digital technologies in the form of the sharing economy, the Internet of things and the concept of a smart city are analyzed. The possibility of modeling the drivers of economic development based on the apparatus of institutional economic theory is shown. In this case, economic activity modeling is based on four consecutive stages: design, distribution, measurement, and evolution of economic institutions. The theoretical significance of the results is the development of theoretical foundations for modeling economic activity in a complicated epidemiological situation. The practical significance of the results lies in the development of applied tools for predicting the development of economic activity in the event of a coronavirus pandemic.

Digital Precarity Manifesto

Social Text ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 77-93
Author(s):  
Precarity Lab
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous People ◽  
Women Of Color ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Creative Class ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Flexible Labor ◽  
Digital Studies ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Digital technologies have helped consolidate the wealth and influence of a small number of people. By taking advantage of flexible labor and by shifting accountability to individuals, sharing economy platforms have furthered insecure conditions for racial, ethnic, and sexual minorities, women, indigenous people, migrants, and peoples in the Global South. At the same time, precarity has become increasingly generalized, expanding to the creative class and digital producers themselves. If networked lives are always imagined as productive, virtuous, connective, and efficient, it is clear that these networks are broken. Written by Precarity Lab, a group of intergenerational, transnational feminist and people and women of color scholars, this manifesto envisions a new approach to digital studies. It argues for a new analytic for tracing how precarity unfolds across disparate geographic sites and cultural practices in the digital age.

scholarly journals Platform Contracts: Legal Framework and User Protection

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-64
Author(s):  
Maria Luisa Chiarella
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Single Market ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Widespread Phenomenon ◽  
Economic Reality ◽  
User Protection

Digital platforms are a very important economic reality, also in consideration of the epidemiological emergency which has increased online daily transactions. When we talk about digital markets, we refer to the transformation of the markets, induced by the exploitation and use of new technologies, in which digital contracts are an increasingly widespread phenomenon. This paper aims to give some hints about such issue and its legal framework. There are different elements to be considered: contract requirements, weaker party protection, sharing economy and some issue about the so-called “zero price economy”. In short, the paper summarises some profiles of legal relevance of such topical and wide subject. Keywords: Digital single market; Platform contracts; Sharing economy; Weaker party protection; Zero price economy.

scholarly journals Key areas of modern research of the joint consumption economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 13006
Author(s):  
Elena Platonova ◽  
Olga Fedotova ◽  
Vladimir Latun
Keyword(s):  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Modern Economy ◽  
On Line ◽  
Dynamic Growth ◽  
Scopus Database ◽  
Individual Consumption ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Technological Platforms

That paper is motivated by the fact that the development of a joint consumption economy is one of the most significant trends in the modern economy. The object of the study is an array of publications indexed in Scopus and devoted to the analysis of the patterns of development a joint consumption economy (sharing economy) for the period from 2000 to 2019. The study shows a dynamic growth of the number of the publications describing the impact of new digital technologies and digital on-line technological platforms based on the Internet on fundamental changes in the field of individual consumption of households. The analysis of the content of publications of Russian and foreign authors indexed in Scopus database and Russian national bibliographic database (2000-2019) allowed the authors to identify at least the six key areas of modern research of a joint consumption economy. The paper considers each of the six key areas of a joint consumption economy. Authors has predicted the emergence of new areas of research of a joint consumption economy as new trends emerge in the field of individual consumption of modern households in the context of the constant progress of digital technologies.

Civil Legal Communities in the Context of Sharing Economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 95-104
Author(s):  
I. Z. Aiusheeva
Keyword(s):  
Civil Law ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Legal Form ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
The Status ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
The Right ◽  
Legal Consequences

The development of the economy of shared consumption (sharing economy) is recognized as one of the markers of the digital economy. Innovations and advances in digital technologies contribute to the creation of a large number of IT platforms that bring together an unlimited number of participants able to share resources. In what organizational and legal form is the activity within the framework of sharing economy permitted? Today, business and non-profit entities work in the field of sharing economy. The participation of business entities reflects the ideas of access economy, within which the features of a market economy are preserved. Associations of persons that do not seek profit may be formed in the form of a non-profit organizations or act as a civil law community with the right to make decisions incurring legal consequences on behalf of the associations without the status of a legal entity. The role of civil law communities for the development of models of sharing economy is great, so the rules governing their activities need further improvement.

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