scholarly journals Drivers of the Economy in the Context of the Coronavirus Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-30
Author(s):  
E. V. Popov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Institutional Economic ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

The purpose of this study is to systematize the drivers of the economy in a complicated epidemiological situation. The research hypothesis is that under the conditions of severe epidemiological restrictions, drivers of advanced digital technologies and modeling of the applications of these technologies are becoming a priority for economic development. The object of this study is economic activity in a difficult epidemiological situation. The subject matter of the research is economic relations that generate drivers-technologies and applications that ensure the progressive development of economic activity. The research method is logical system analysis of factors, technologies, and technological applications. The algorithm of this study comprised the following stages. First, we analyzed the results of published studies on the economics of complicated epidemiological situations. Then we highlighted the problems of economic activity. Further, we proposed solutions to these problems using advanced digital technologies and applications of these technologies. In conclusion, we analyzed possible directions for modeling the drivers of the economy in the context of the coronavirus pandemic. The problems of economic activity during the coronavirus pandemic are highlighted. These problems include the problems of reducing contacts between people, transparency of information, taking into account people's needs, accounting for resources, and reallocation of resources. The solution of these problems is systematized based on the use of advanced digital technologies and applications of these technologies as drivers of the economy. Cloud technologies, digital platforms and blockchain technologies, as well as applications of digital technologies in the form of the sharing economy, the Internet of things and the concept of a smart city are analyzed. The possibility of modeling the drivers of economic development based on the apparatus of institutional economic theory is shown. In this case, economic activity modeling is based on four consecutive stages: design, distribution, measurement, and evolution of economic institutions. The theoretical significance of the results is the development of theoretical foundations for modeling economic activity in a complicated epidemiological situation. The practical significance of the results lies in the development of applied tools for predicting the development of economic activity in the event of a coronavirus pandemic.

scholarly journals Agriculture 4.0: the theoretical concept and its practical implementation

2021 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 08073
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav Polyakov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Natural Factors

The paper discusses the main aspects of the formation and development of the “Agriculture 4.0”; its basic directions of the implementation are the active use of various digital technologies to be founded for the introduction of qualitatively new approaches to organizing the activities of the agricultural enterprises. Moreover, the formation of the digital platforms is considered as one of such approaches improving economic organizational and managerial relations that take place in the economic activity process of the agricultural enterprises. The conducted analysis made it possible to give the practical implementation of the ideas developed in the “Agriculture 4.0” concept. It is capable of both significantly improving efficiency of the agricultural production and reducing the dependence of the agro ecosystems` functioning from natural factors as well as contribution to the ecologization of the agricultural production processes.

scholarly journals Transformation in industrial specialisation and features of economic development across the subjects of the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Antonyuk ◽  
Elmira Vansovich ◽  
Anastasiya Lapo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Modern Development ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Combination Of Methods ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

Crisis phenomena in Russia stimulate interest in researching the influence of regions’ industrial specialisation on the rates and trajectories of their economic development. The paper aims to examine the transformation of industrial specialisation across the Russian regions and correlate it with their economic development. The methodological basis of the study rests on the theoretical concepts of regional and spatial economics, systems analysis, and strategic management. The authors monitor the changes in the industrial specialisation across the subjects of the Russian Federation in 2008–2016, as well as the dynamics of their economic development by using a combination of methods: dialectical, causal, comparative, structural and cluster analysis. The paper identifies the strategic challenges and priority areas for the modern development of the regions of the Russian Federation. Based on the analysis of the economy of 61 subjects of the Russian Federation, the authors draw conclusions on the transformation of regional industrial specialisation in a specific type of economic activity; on the relationship between economic development and the nature of specialisation (mono-specialisation, multi-specialisation); on the dynamics of developed regions among the groups of mono-specialised and multi-specialised ones. The study detects the types of economic activity, which affect economic development the most. The analysis of the dynamics of industrial specialisation results in the conclusion that there are regions with stable and unstable specialisation. The article proposes promising directions of the state structural policy for different types of regions. The theoretical and practical significance of the study lies in the fact that the developed method allows not only evaluating the transformations in the industrial specialisation of the regions, but also correlating them with the economic development of the subjects of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Development of the Ukrainian Hotel and Restaurant Business in the Context of Modern Challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (521) ◽  
pp. 151-156
Author(s):  
O. I. Milashovska ◽  
◽  
T. I. Ilto ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Hospitality Industry ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Social Image ◽  
Economic Role ◽  
Level Of Economic Development ◽  
Temporary Accommodation

The relevance of the chosen research topic is due to the need to analyze the level of economic development and search for new ways to develop the hotel and restaurant business in today’s challenges. The hotel and restaurant business plays an important social, image and economic role in the development of the national economy, acts as a supporting component of tourism and creates jobs for a significant number of people. In the context of the СOVID-19 pandemic, business has faced a number of new and unpredictable challenges that have stopped the dynamic development of the industry in recent years and require the development of new strategic solutions for adaptation to transformational conditions. The purpose of this article is to analyze the economic development of the hotel and restaurant business in Ukraine in the context of current challenges related to the СOVID-19 pandemic and to find appropriate ways to adapt the business to new conditions. The trends of economic development of the hospitality industry of Ukraine in terms of the main types of economic activity, namely: activities for temporary accommodation and catering have been analyzed in the article. The main problems of development of these types of economic activity in the conditions of quarantine restrictions and post-pandemic period have been singled out, the influence of quarantine on the economic situation of business has been researched. The main directions of adaptation of enterprises of hotel and restaurant business in new conditions have been offered. The scientific novelty of article is results of economic analysis conducted, assessing the obstacles and risks of the hotel and restaurant business and identifying the main ways to restore and develop the industry in the context of modern challenges. The practical significance of the article lies in determining the level of development of the hotel and restaurant business and the development of the main directions of adaptation of business activities in the new environment.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF RISKS OF INTERNATIONAL ROAD CARGO TRANSPORTATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-19
Author(s):  
А. С. ДОРОШ ◽  
Є. Б. ДЕМЧЕНКО ◽  
Р. В. МАРКУЛЬ ◽  
Т. М. БЕРДИЧЕВСЬКА
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Road Transportation ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Cargo Transportation

The work was performed as part of the Crisis and Risks Engineering for Transport Services project of Erasmus+ program. Purpose. Nowadays the key role in ensuring business processes both within the state and in the performing of foreign economic activity belongs to the transport industry. Carriage of goods and passengers over relatively short distances is economically attractive for road transport, which has shown a significant increase of traffic volumes in recent years. At the same time, there are random factors and the resulting risks during international road transportation, which does not allow us to estimate the cost and duration of such delivery with sufficient accuracy. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to analyze the process of international cargo delivery by road and identify risks and reasons for their occurrence at each stage of transportation. Methodology. To achieve the goal of the work, the methods of statistical analysis were used to determine the volume and structure of foreign economic activity in the provision of transport services; methods of system analysis, including SWOT analysis, to determine the characteristic features and identify risks at the stages of international cargo transportation by road. Results. The analysis of the volume of foreign economic activity of Ukraine made it possible to establish that the European Union (EU) is its main foreign economic partner, and the transportation of 10% of goods by volume and 38% by value between that countries is carried out by road. Increasing the road transport part in foreign trade providing with the EU is also confirmed by the increase in the trucks number that crossing the western part of the Ukraine state border, especially the section adjacent to Poland. Using SWOT-analysis, the strengths and weaknesses, as well as risks and opportunities of international transportation of goods by road, are identified. Scientific novelty. It was found that the presence of a large number of participants in the transportation process and their possible incompetent actions lead to an increase in the number of random factors and the resulting risks. The authors identified transport risks and the reasons for their occurrence in the international road transportation. Practical significance. The obtained results can be used in the process of risk management to increase the efficiency of management of international cargo transportation by road.

scholarly journals 7I-Model for Smart City Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 143-157
Author(s):  
Evgeny Popov ◽  
Konstantin Semyachkov
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
City Development ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Digital Society ◽  
Blockchain Technology

The subject of the study is the development of smart cities, the effectiveness of the socio-economic systems of which is ensured by the introduction of advanced digital technologies. The research method is a logical system analysis of previous studies highlighting the development priorities of smart cities and attracting authors' results on institutional modeling of economic activity. The purpose of the study is to develop a system of sequential priorities for the development of smart cities based on institutional modeling of the stages of the formation of a digital society. As a result of the study, the author’s model of smart city development priorities is presented (the “7I” model), it is shown that the basis for the development of smart cities is the following stages: engineering infrastructure, institutes, communication and communication systems, data integration, user and technical systems interaction, innovations, application of innovation in the components of a smart city. It was determined that these stages of the development of smart cities are based on the use of advanced digital technologies and their applications: big data processing, the use of cloud technologies, digital platforms, blockchain technology, as well as shared economy, crowdsourcing, Internet of things, etc. It is concluded that the development of smart cities corresponds to the national interests of states in the formation of a digital society and ensures the safety of life in the context of the application of digital technologies.

scholarly journals Designing a mechanism for generating confidence in crowdlending platforms

2021 ◽  
Vol 128 ◽  
pp. 01009
Author(s):  
Evgeny Popov ◽  
Sergey Fedoreev ◽  
Anna Veretennikova
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Financial Instruments ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Level Of Confidence ◽  
Theoretical Significance ◽  
New Business

The development of the equity economy as a new business model, the spread of digital platforms, as well as the task of increasing the efficiency of resources, stimulated the development of new financial instruments, including crowdlending. At the same time, lack of sufficient accumulated experience, both in the functioning and regulation of crowdlending platforms, significantly limit their activities. The purpose of this study is to design and substantiate the mechanism of confidence generation in crowdlending platforms. In the course of the study, the peculiarities of the equity economy functioning, which are characteristic, among other things, for crowdlending platforms, were described, regulatory, technical and reputational risks of confidence loss in the subsystems of the “platform-borrower”, “platform-investor” and “loan-investor” relationships were identified, and tools for their reduction in these subsystems were proposed. In addition, an author’s model of interaction between actors of the pooled investment market when investing by a loan provision has been developed, which includes the function of a collateral operator to represent the interests of investors in a one-to-many relationship. The theoretical significance of the results obtained consists in the expansion of scientific research in the field of the sharing economy to the financial resources market. The practical significance of the indicated results consists in the possibility of implementing these proposals to increase the level of confidence in crowdlending platforms.

scholarly journals СУЧАСНІ ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ ІНВЕСТУВАННЯ ГОСПОДАРСЬКОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ

Economical ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1(22)) ◽  
pp. 48-57
Author(s):  
Юлія Волкова ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Current State ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Classification Structure

Research of the current state and structure of capital investments both in Ukraine in general and in the Donetsk region in particular, in the period 2011 - 2019, identification of negative trends and prospects, indication of certain proposals for attracting investment resources. Methodology. The research methodology is generally based on the methods of system analysis, generalization and comparison. Results.The main provisions in the formulation of the concept of "investment" were indicated, the classification structure of investments on various grounds is given. The dynamics of changes in the volume of capital investment in the economy of Ukraine, and, in particular, in the economy of Donetsk region for the period 2011 - 2019, which in turn allowed to determine the causes of fluctuations. The analysis of the structure of capital investments by sources and types of economic activity of Donetsk region is carried out, certain conclusions are made about the changes that took place in the studied period. Recommendations for improving the efficiency of investment attraction are provided. Scientific novelty. The main factors that constrain the attraction of investment in the economy of Ukraine and in the economy of Donetsk region are given. The most priority branch of the region’s economy for investors has been identified, and a structural analysis of capital investments in the region’s economy has made it possible to find out at the expense of which funds the enterprises are renewing their fixed assets. There are some suggestions for effective investment. Prospects for investing in the national economy are substantiated. Practical significance. The results of the study form a practical basis for finding additional sources of investment in economic activity of industrial enterprises on a sustainable basis.

scholarly journals ТРУДОВІ ВІДНОСИНИ ЯК ОБ'ЄКТ РИНКОВОГО РЕФОРМУВАННЯ ЕКОНОМІКИ

2018 ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
Є. І. Чернявська ◽  
О. А. Овєчкіна
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Imperfect Competition ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Market Reform ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
The Cost

Formulation of the problem. The article is devoted to the analysis of labor relations in the context of the cost of labor in a market economy. The aim of the research is to justify the doctrine of choosing social tax policy guidelines, based on the current requirements of democratic transformation in Ukraine. The object of the research is labor relations in terms of market reform of the economy. The methods used of the research: methods of systematization and generalization methods; induction and deduction; interdisciplinary analogy. The hypothesis of the study was the assumption that bringing the salary into line with the cost of labor requires significant improvement of labor relations, the adoption of the new Labor Code in the context of market subjection of industrial relations, which is part of the relationship with labor services. The statement of basic materials. It is substantiated that the labor market is a market of imperfect competition, with dominant positions of employers, because of the important role in regulating prices for labor services is played by the mechanism of collective-contractual regulation of labor relations. In Ukraine, during market reforms, wages are underestimated. The originality and practical significance of the research. In the context of effective economic development, ensuring conditions for qualitative reproduction of human capital, achieving compromises in society requires a radical improvement of the nature of labor relations. This improvement involves the adoption of a number of legislative decisions. This is a legislative solution to the problem of subjection of industrial relations as a market form of economic development and addressing issues of effective employment. Subjection of industrial relations is a process of transformation of participants of economic activity into subjects of a modern market economy, which should be equal, have rights, social duties and mechanisms of protection. Conclusions of the research. In the organization of economic activity, the practice of economic activity, as well as in other spheres of society life should actively use the conceptual development of a positive and normative economic theory to create a partnership model of labor relations on a market basis. The biggest disadvantage of the market reform of the Ukrainian economy was the ignoring at the level of legislation of the conclusions and formulated requirements of economic theory, which caused a significant understatement of wages in relation to the cost of labor and caused the emergence of a number of negative phenomena.

Principles for sharing economy formation in the digital society

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 800-821
Author(s):  
E.V. Popov ◽  
K.A. Semyachkov
Keyword(s):  
Network Effects ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Network Effect ◽  
Industrial Society ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Digital Society ◽  
Modern Economy ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
The Impact

Subject. The article addresses economic relations that are formed in various areas of economic application of digital platforms. The target of the research is the modern economy of digital platforms across different economic activities. Objectives. The aim is to systematize principles for share economy formation in the context of the digital society development. Methods. We employ general scientific methods of research. Results. The study shows that the development of digital platforms is one of the most important trends in the development of the modern economy. We classified certain characteristic features of modern digital platforms, analyzed principles for their creation. The paper emphasizes that the network effects achieved through the use of digital platforms are an important factor in the development of the share economy. The network effect describes the impact of the number of the platform users on the value created for each of them. The paper also considers differences in the organization of traditional economy companies and companies that are based on the digital platform model, reveals specifics of changes in socio-economic systems caused by the development of digital platforms, systematizes principles of the sharing economy formation in the context of the digital society development. Conclusions. The analyzed principles for sharing economy development on the basis of digital platforms can be applied to create models for the purpose of forecasting the transformation of economic activity in the post-industrial society.

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