scholarly journals Studies on the Gases Emission under High Temperature Condition from Moulding Sands Bonded by Modified Starch CMS-Na

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kaczmarska ◽  
A. Bobrowski ◽  
S. Żymankowska-Kumon ◽  
B. Grabowska
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Potato Starch ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Curing Agent ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Benzene Toluene ◽  
Sodium Carboxymethyl Starch ◽  
Btex Compounds

Abstract Emission of gases under high temperature after pouring molten metal into moulds, which contain the organic binder or other additives (solvents or curing agent), may be an important factor influencing both on the quality of the produced castings, and on the state of environment. Therefore, a comprehensive study of the emitted gases would allow to determine restrictions on the use of the moulding sands in foundry technologies, eg. the probability of occurrence of casting defects, and identify the gaseous pollutants emitted to the environment. The aim of the research presented in this paper was to determine the amount of gases that are released at high temperatures from moulding sands bonded by biopolymer binder and the quantitative assessment of the emitted pollutants with particular emphasis on chemical compounds: benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX). The water-soluble modified potato starch as a sodium carboxymethyl starch with low (CMS-NaL) or high (CMS-NaH) degree of substitution was a binder in the tested moulding sands. A tests of gases emission level were conducted per the procedure developed at the Faculty of Foundry Engineering (AGH University of Science and Technology) involving gas chromatography method (GC). The obtained results of the determination of amount of BTEX compounds generated during the decomposition process of starch binders showed lower emission of aromatic hydrocarbons in comparison with binder based on resin Kaltharz U404 with the acidic curing agent commonly used in the foundries.

Effect of Multiple Gas Media Package on Preservation of Fresh Sweet Corn at Room Temperature

2013 ◽  
Vol 477-478 ◽  
pp. 1354-1358
Author(s):  
Jian Qing Meng ◽  
Xiao Yu Jia ◽  
Wei Qiao Yang ◽  
Xi Hong Li
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Aerobic Plate Count

Effects of different methods of gas package on freshness of harvested fresh Sweet Corn, at room temperature in its shelf life were investigated. The harvested fresh Sweet Corn were packaged under vacuum, air, N2 or CO2, respectively, and then stored 90 days at 30°Cafter the high temperature sterilization. After the sterilization and during storage, the changes of aerobic plate count, water content, soluble sugar content, and TPA were determined. The results showed that compared with others, the package with N2 could inhibit the growth of microorganisms, kept the content of water, soluble sugar and fat. After 90 days, TPA showed that the package in nitrogen could improve the quality of sweet corns.

Development and Validation of a Liquid Chromatography Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Eight Water-Soluble Vitamins in Multivitamin Formulations and Human Urine

2013 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 1273-1280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suyog S Patil ◽  
Ashwini K Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Gradient Elution ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Thiamine Hydrochloride ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
B Complex Vitamins ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Method

Abstract A simple, precise, and rapid RPLC method has been developed without incorporation of any ion-pair reagent for the simultaneous determination of vitamin C (C) and seven B-complex vitamins, viz, thiamine hydrochloride (B1), pyridoxine hydrochloride (B6), nicotinamide (B3), cyanocobalamine (B12), folic acid, riboflavin (B2), and 4-aminobenzoic acid (Bx). Separations were achieved within 12.0 min at 30°C by gradient elution on an RP C18 column using a mobile phase consisting of a mixture of 15 mM ammonium formate buffer and 0.1% triethylamine adjusted to pH 4.0 with formic acid and acetonitrile. Simultaneous UV detection was performed at 275 and 360 nm. The method was validated for system suitability, LOD, LOQ, linearity, precision, accuracy, specificity, and robustness in accordance with International Conference on Harmonization guidelines. The developed method was implemented successfully for determination of the aforementioned vitamins in pharmaceutical formulations containing an individual vitamin, in their multivitamin combinations, and in human urine samples. The calibration curves for all analytes showed good linearity, with coefficients of correlation higher than 0.9998. Accuracy, intraday repeatability (n = 6), and interday repeatability (n = 7) were found to be satisfactory.

Vapour-liquid equilibrium at low pressures from the back equation of state. II. Ternary systems

1984 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 1240-1246
Author(s):  
Tomáš Boublík
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Equation Of State ◽  
Ternary Systems ◽  
Liquid Equilibrium ◽  
Pure Compounds ◽  
Benzene Toluene ◽  
Excess Thermodynamic Functions ◽  
Low Pressures

Ternary equilibrium diagrams in the n-hexane-cyclohexane-benzene system at temperature 298.15 K and n-hexane-benzene-toluene system at pressure 101.325 kPa were determined from the BACK equation of state. In the course of the determination of excess thermodynamic functions of mixtures the values of the BACK equation parameters for pure compounds and binary interactions parameters, ki,j, adjusted to GE and HE of the corresponding binaries were employed. The comparison of theoretical and experimental data shows very good quality of the prediction of the equilibrium behaviour of polycomponent systems from the BACK equation of state.

Odor Abatement in Biotrickling Filters for Wastewater Treatment Plants in Petrochemical Industries: Determination of Main Components of VOCs and Assessment of REs

2014 ◽  
Vol 1065-1069 ◽  
pp. 3172-3176
Author(s):  
Jian Zhai ◽  
Chun Hua Jiang ◽  
Jin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Biotrickling Filter ◽  
Benzene Toluene ◽  
Poorly Water Soluble ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Key Parameter

A biotrickling filter has been set up in WWTP of Nanjing petrochemical factory for about 6 months. The purpose of this project was to assess the ability of the biotrickling filter to remove hardly biodegradable VOCs such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene which are recalcitrant and poorly water soluble and commonly found in petrochemical factories. PUF cubes (1 cm3) were used as the packing media treated with large amounts of circulating mineral salt medium added with bacterial species which came from secondary sedimentation tank of WWTP of Nanjing petrochemical industry. The controlled empty bed retention time (EBRT) of 90 s was a key parameter for reaching a removal efficiency of 91.7 %, 88.3 %, 70.7 % and 63.5 % for toluene, ethylbenzene, benzene and xylene, respectively. The analysis of the bacterial community in the BTF during VOC removal showed that Pseudomonas putida and Klebsiella sp. phylum were dominant microbes.

Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography Method for Determination of the Ten Water-Soluble Vitamins in Food Supplements

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1592-1606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle C. da Silva ◽  
Jesuí V. Visentainer ◽  
Nilson E. de Souza ◽  
Cláudio C. Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography ◽  
Food Supplements ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Electrokinetic Chromatography ◽  
Chromatography Method

Ratio of Lactulose to Furosine as Indicator of Quality of Commercial Milks

1994 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 737-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
NIEVES CORZO ◽  
TERESA DELGADO ◽  
ESPERANZA TROYANO ◽  
AGUSTIN OLANO
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Uht Milk ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Powder Milk ◽  
Reconstituted Milk ◽  
Ultra High Temperature

Storage of ultra high temperature (UHT) milk at high ambient temperatures gave rise to a decrease of the ratio of lactulose to furosine contents. The lactulose/furosine (Lu/Fu) ratio in UHT milks resulted to be around 16 times higher than in commercial powder milk samples so, the determination of the Lu/Fu ratio in freshly processed UHT milk seems to be useful to detect the presence of reconstituted milk.

Ultrafast gas chromatography method with direct injection for the quantitative determination of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes in commercial gasoline

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 1508-1515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahieh Toscano Miranda ◽  
Rodrigo Sequinel ◽  
Rafael Rodrigues Hatanaka ◽  
José Eduardo de Oliveira ◽  
Danilo Luiz Flumignan
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Commercial Gasoline ◽  
Benzene Toluene
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