scholarly journals Music Performers Classification by Using Multifractal Features: A Case Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasa Reljin ◽  
David Pokrajac
Keyword(s):  
Cross Validation ◽  
Classification Performance ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients ◽  
Vector Machines ◽  
Characteristic Points ◽  
Fold Cross Validation ◽  
F Measure ◽  
Better Than

Abstract In this paper, we investigated the possibility to classify different performers playing the same melodies at the same manner being subjectively quite similar and very difficult to distinguish even for musically skilled persons. For resolving this problem we propose the use of multifractal (MF) analysis, which is proven as an efficient method for describing and quantifying complex natural structures, phenomena or signals. We found experimentally that parameters associated to some characteristic points within the MF spectrum can be used as music descriptors, thus permitting accurate discrimination of music performers. Our approach is tested on the dataset containing the same songs performed by music group ABBA and by actors in the movie Mamma Mia. As a classifier we used the support vector machines and the classification performance was evaluated by using the four-fold cross-validation. The results of proposed method were compared with those obtained using mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs) as descriptors. For the considered two-class problem, the overall accuracy and F-measure higher than 98% are obtained with the MF descriptors, which was considerably better than by using the MFCC descriptors when the best results were less than 77%.

scholarly journals Hierarchy-Based File Fragment Classification

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-232
Author(s):  
Manish Bhatt ◽  
Avdesh Mishra ◽  
Md Wasi Ul Kabir ◽  
S. E. Blake-Gatto ◽  
Rishav Rajendra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Validation ◽  
Hierarchical Classification ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Challenging Problem ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Average Accuracy ◽  
Vector Machines ◽  
Essential Problem ◽  
Fold Cross Validation

File fragment classification is an essential problem in digital forensics. Although several attempts had been made to solve this challenging problem, a general solution has not been found. In this work, we propose a hierarchical machine-learning-based approach with optimized support vector machines (SVM) as the base classifiers for file fragment classification. This approach consists of more general classifiers at the top level and more specialized fine-grain classifiers at the lower levels of the hierarchy. We also propose a primitive taxonomy for file types that can be used to perform hierarchical classification. We evaluate our model with a dataset of 14 file types, with 1000 fragments measuring 512 bytes from each file type derived from a subset of the publicly available Digital Corpora, the govdocs1 corpus. Our experiment shows comparable results to the present literature, with an average accuracy of 67.78% and an F1-measure of 65% using 10-fold cross-validation. We then improve on the hierarchy and find better results, with an increase in the F1-measure of 1%. Finally, we make our assessment and observations, then conclude the paper by discussing the scope of future research.

Multiclass Kernel Function Evaluation

2012 ◽  
Vol 542-543 ◽  
pp. 1438-1442
Author(s):  
Ting Hua Wang ◽  
Cai Yun Cai ◽  
Yan Liao
Keyword(s):  
Cross Validation ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Feature Space ◽  
Function Evaluation ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Computationally Efficient ◽  
Computational Overhead ◽  
Vector Machines ◽  
Validation Technique ◽  
Fold Cross Validation

Kernel is a key component of the support vector machines (SVMs) and other kernel methods. Based on the data distributions of classes in the feature space, this paper proposed a model selection criterion to evaluate the goodness of a kernel in multiclass classification scenario. This criterion is computationally efficient and is differentiable with respect to the kernel parameters. Compared with the k-fold cross validation technique which is often regarded as a benchmark, this criterion is found to yield about the same performance with much less computational overhead.

scholarly journals Evaluating machine learning techniques for archaeological lithic sourcing: a case study of flint in Britain

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Elliot ◽  
Robert Morse ◽  
Duane Smythe ◽  
Ashley Norris
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Support Vector Machines ◽  
Random Forest ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Classification Performance ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Vector Machines

AbstractIt is 50 years since Sieveking et al. published their pioneering research in Nature on the geochemical analysis of artefacts from Neolithic flint mines in southern Britain. In the decades since, geochemical techniques to source stone artefacts have flourished globally, with a renaissance in recent years from new instrumentation, data analysis, and machine learning techniques. Despite the interest over these latter approaches, there has been variation in the quality with which these methods have been applied. Using the case study of flint artefacts and geological samples from England, we present a robust and objective evaluation of three popular techniques, Random Forest, K-Nearest-Neighbour, and Support Vector Machines, and present a pipeline for their appropriate use. When evaluated correctly, the results establish high model classification performance, with Random Forest leading with an average accuracy of 85% (measured through F1 Scores), and with Support Vector Machines following closely. The methodology developed in this paper demonstrates the potential to significantly improve on previous approaches, particularly in removing bias, and providing greater means of evaluation than previously utilised.

scholarly journals Rice Yield Forecasting using Support Vector Machine

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 2588-2593
Keyword(s):  
Cross Validation ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Polynomial Kernel ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Classification Models ◽  
Average Increase ◽  
Vector Machines ◽  
Computing Support ◽  
Multi Classification ◽  
Fold Cross Validation

In the domain of Soft Computing, Support Vector Machines (SVMs) have acquired considerable significance. These are widely used in making predictions, owing to their ability of generalization. This paper is about the development of SVM based classification models for the prediction of rice yield in India. Experiments have been conducted involving oneagainst-one multi classification method, k-fold cross validation and polynomial kernel function for SVM training. Rice production data of India has been sourced from Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India, for this work. The best prediction accuracy for the 4- year relative average increase has been achieved as 75.06% using 4-fold cross validation method. MATLAB software has been used for experimentation in this work.

scholarly journals Special Issue on Using Machine Learning Algorithms in the Prediction of Kyphosis Disease: A Comparative Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (16) ◽  
pp. 3322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Dankwa ◽  
Wenfeng Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Support Vector Machines ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Grid Search ◽  
Baseline Model ◽  
Vector Machines ◽  
Ann Models ◽  
Fold Cross Validation

Machine learning (ML) is the technology that allows a computer system to learn from the environment, through re-iterative processes, and improve itself from experience. Recently, machine learning has gained massive attention across numerous fields, and is making it easy to model data extremely well, without the importance of using strong assumptions about the modeled system. The rise of machine learning has proven to better describe data as a result of providing both engineering solutions and an important benchmark. Therefore, in this current research work, we applied three different machine learning algorithms, which were, the Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machines (SVM), and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to predict kyphosis disease based on a biomedical data. At the initial stage of the experiments, we performed 5- and 10-Fold Cross-Validation using Logistic Regression as a baseline model to compare with our ML models without performing grid search. We then evaluated the models and compared their performances based on 5- and 10-Fold Cross-Validation after running grid search algorithms on the ML models. Among the Support Vector Machines, we experimented with the three kernels (Linear, Radial Basis Function (RBF), Polynomial). We observed overall accuracies of the models between 79%–85%, and 77%–86% based on the 5- and 10-Fold Cross-Validation, after running grid search respectively. Based on the 5- and 10-Fold Cross-Validation as evaluation metrics, the RF, SVM-RBF, and ANN models achieved accuracies more than 80%. The RF, SVM-RBF and ANN models outperformed the baseline model based on the 10-Fold Cross-Validation with grid search. Overall, in terms of accuracies, the ANN model outperformed all the other ML models, achieving 85.19% and 86.42% based on the 5- and 10-Fold Cross-Validation. We proposed that RF, SVM-RBF and ANN models should be used to detect and predict kyphosis disease after a patient had undergone surgery or operation. We suggest that machine learning should be adopted and used as an essential and critical tool across the maximum spectrum of answering biomedical questions.

KOMPARASI ALGORITMA NAIVE BAYES DAN SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE UNTUK ANALISA SENTIMEN REVIEW FILM

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Elly Indrayuni
Keyword(s):  
Support Vector Machine ◽  
Support Vector Machines ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Opinion Mining ◽  
Naive Bayes ◽  
Confusion Matrix ◽  
Naïve Bayes ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Vector Machines ◽  
Fold Cross Validation

Film merupakan subjek yang diminati oleh sejumlah besar orang diantara komunitas jaringan sosial yang memiliki perbedaan signifikan dalam pendapat atau sentimen mereka. Analisa sentimen atau opinion mining merupakan salah satu solusi mengatasi masalah untuk mengelompokan opini atau review menjadi opini positif atau negatif secara otomatis. Teknik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Naive Bayes dan Support Vector Machines (SVM). Naive Bayes memiliki kelebihan yaitu sederhana, cepat dan memiliki akurasi yang tinggi. Sedangkan SVM  mampu mengidentifikasi hyperplane terpisah yang memaksimalkan margin antara dua kelas yang berbeda. Hasil klasifikasi sentimen pada penelitian ini terdiri dari dua label class, yaitu positif dan negatif. Nilai akurasi yang dihasilkan akan menjadi tolak  ukur untuk mencari model pengujian terbaik untuk kasus klasifikasi sentimen. Evaluasi dilakukan menggunakan 10 fold cross validation. Pengukuran akurasi diukur dengan confusion matrix dan kurva ROC. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai akurasi untuk algoritma Naive Bayes sebesar 84.50%. Sedangkan nilai akurasi algoritma Support Vector Machine (SVM) lebih besar dari Naive Bayes yaitu sebesar 90.00%.

Combination of Support Vector Machine and K-Fold cross-validation for prediction of long-term degradation of the compressive strength of marine concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunxiang Qian ◽  
Wence Kang ◽  
Hao Ling ◽  
Hua Dong ◽  
Chengyao Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Support Vector Machine ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Svm Model ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Ann ◽  
Influence Degree ◽  
Fold Cross Validation

Support Vector Machine (SVM) model optimized by K-Fold cross-validation was built to predict and evaluate the degradation of concrete strength in a complicated marine environment. Meanwhile, several mathematical models, such as Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Decision Tree (DT), were also built and compared with SVM to determine which one could make the most accurate predictions. The material factors and environmental factors that influence the results were considered. The materials factors mainly involved the original concrete strength, the amount of cement replaced by fly ash and slag. The environmental factors consisted of the concentration of Mg2+, SO42-, Cl-, temperature and exposing time. It was concluded from the prediction results that the optimized SVM model appeared to perform better than other models in predicting the concrete strength. Based on SVM model, a simulation method of variables limitation was used to determine the sensitivity of various factors and the influence degree of these factors on the degradation of concrete strength.

scholarly journals Creating a Chinese suicide dictionary for identifying suicide risk on social media

PeerJ ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. e1455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meizhen Lv ◽  
Ang Li ◽  
Tianli Liu ◽  
Tingshao Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Classification Performance ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Vector Machines ◽  
Social Media Service ◽  
Linguistic Inquiry ◽  
Suicide Prevention Programs ◽  
Expert Ratings

Introduction.Suicide has become a serious worldwide epidemic. Early detection of individual suicide risk in population is important for reducing suicide rates. Traditional methods are ineffective in identifying suicide risk in time, suggesting a need for novel techniques. This paper proposes to detect suicide risk on social media using a Chinese suicide dictionary.Methods.To build the Chinese suicide dictionary, eight researchers were recruited to select initial words from 4,653 posts published on Sina Weibo (the largest social media service provider in China) and two Chinese sentiment dictionaries (HowNet and NTUSD). Then, another three researchers were recruited to filter out irrelevant words. Finally, remaining words were further expanded using a corpus-based method. After building the Chinese suicide dictionary, we tested its performance in identifying suicide risk on Weibo. First, we made a comparison of the performance in both detecting suicidal expression in Weibo posts and evaluating individual levels of suicide risk between the dictionary-based identifications and the expert ratings. Second, to differentiate between individuals with high and non-high scores on self-rating measure of suicide risk (Suicidal Possibility Scale, SPS), we built Support Vector Machines (SVM) models on the Chinese suicide dictionary and the Simplified Chinese Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (SCLIWC) program, respectively. After that, we made a comparison of the classification performance between two types of SVM models.Results and Discussion.Dictionary-based identifications were significantly correlated with expert ratings in terms of both detecting suicidal expression (r= 0.507) and evaluating individual suicide risk (r= 0.455). For the differentiation between individuals with high and non-high scores on SPS, the Chinese suicide dictionary (t1:F1= 0.48; t2:F1= 0.56) produced a more accurate identification than SCLIWC (t1:F1= 0.41; t2:F1= 0.48) on different observation windows.Conclusions.This paper confirms that, using social media, it is possible to implement real-time monitoring individual suicide risk in population. Results of this study may be useful to improve Chinese suicide prevention programs and may be insightful for other countries.

scholarly journals Intelligent Prediction of Sieving Efficiency in Vibrating Screens

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Zhang ◽  
Jinke Gong ◽  
Wenhua Yuan ◽  
Jun Fu ◽  
Yi Huang
Keyword(s):  
Support Vector Machine ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Prediction Performance ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Adaptive Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Screen Length ◽  
Vibrating Screen ◽  
Working Parameters ◽  
Better Than

In order to effectively predict the sieving efficiency of a vibrating screen, experiments to investigate the sieving efficiency were carried out. Relation between sieving efficiency and other working parameters in a vibrating screen such as mesh aperture size, screen length, inclination angle, vibration amplitude, and vibration frequency was analyzed. Based on the experiments, least square support vector machine (LS-SVM) was established to predict the sieving efficiency, and adaptive genetic algorithm and cross-validation algorithm were used to optimize the parameters in LS-SVM. By the examination of testing points, the prediction performance of least square support vector machine is better than that of the existing formula and neural network, and its average relative error is only 4.2%.

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