Effects of Dietary Supplementation with Different Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Expression of Genes Related to Somatotropic Axis Function in the Liver, Selected Blood Indicators, Milk Yield and Milk Fatty Acids Profile in Dairy Cows

Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate whether dietary supplementation with different polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA s) affects expression of genes related to somatotropic axis and the plasma concentrations of insulin, glucose, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), beta hydroxyl butyrate acids (BHBA) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and milk fatty acids profile. Right after calving, Holstein cows (n=45) were randomly assigned to one of three diets supplemented with roasted whole soybean as a source of omega-6 PUFA (omega-6, n=15), linseed as a source of omega-3 PUFA (omega-3, n=15) or palm oil (control, n=15). Each cow was in the study over a period of 70 days. Blood samples were collected every two weeks from day 1 to 70 of lactation and plasma concentrations of insulin, glucose, NEFA, BHBA and IGF1 were determined. Liver samples were taken from a subset of 18 cows (6 per diet) at day 70 postpartum and hepatic mRNA level of total growth hormone-receptor 1A (GHR1A), insulin receptor (INSR), IGF1 and insulinlike growth factor binding protein (IGFBP2) was assessed. Experimental diets did not affect milk yield. Plasma glucose and insulin concentrations were greater for omega-3 treatment compared to omega-6 and control treatments. Cows fed diets enriched in omega-3 exhibited greater INSR and GHR1A mRNA expression, and a tendency for greater IGF1 mRNA expression in the liver compared to omega-6 and control cows. Plasma IGF1 concentration was significantly higher in omega-3 treatment compared with omega-6 and control treatments. Results of this study suggest that feeding omega-3 PUFA s during early postpartum couples with the somatotropic axis, leading to an increase in plasma IGF1 concentration in dairy cows.

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Effect of Dietary Supplementation with Sources of Omega-3 and Omega-6 Fatty Acids on Certain Blood Characteristics of Laying Quail

International Journal of Poultry Science ◽

10.3923/ijps.2010.689.694 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 689-694 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Hazim J. Al-Daraji ◽

Ali S. Al-Hassani ◽

H.A. Al-Mashada ◽

W.K. Al-Hayani ◽

H.A. Mirza

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Dietary Supplementation ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Omega 6 ◽

Laying Quail ◽

Blood Characteristics

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PSV-39 Fatty acids profile of the meat from Nellore young bulls supplemented with lauric acid

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skz258.677 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. 339-340

Author(s):

Sergiane A Araújo ◽

Ronaldo L Oliveira ◽

Analívia M Barbosa ◽

Aline R Silva ◽

Rebeca D X Ribeiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Lauric Acid ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Fatty Acids Profile ◽

Coronary Diseases ◽

Total Diet ◽

Omega 6

Abstract Lauric acid (LA) is an additive used in ruminant’s diet with the purpose of mitigating the methane effect. However, the presence of a certain amount of LA in the rumen can cause a reduction in the microbial population and ruminal metabolic processes, such as the biohydrogenation. This study aimed evaluate the effect of the LA inclusion in the diet of Nellore on the fatty acids profile of the meat. Thirty-two young Nellore bulls were used with an average age of 24-months. The animals were individually fed with a total mixed ration with 40% of roughage (Cynodon sp. hay) and 60% of concentrated mix, composed with ground corn, soybean meal, urea, mineral premix and LA in 0.0; 0.5; 1.0; 1.5% of inclusion in the total diet dry matter basis. Those amounts constituted the treatments. At the end of the trial, the animals were slaughtered and the meat was stored at -21oC, before analyses. The experimental design was completely randomized, with four treatments and eight replications. The data were submitted to regression analysis, and significance was declared when P < 0.05. There was no effect (P > 0.05) of the inclusion of LA in the sum of saturated fatty acids (∑SAF=43.45±1.55), monounsaturated fatty acids (∑MUFA=41.9±0.29), and polyunsaturated fatty acids (∑PUFA=12.25±1.40). The inclusion of LA in the diets also did not affect the sum of omega-3 fatty acids (∑ n-3=1.05±0.22), omega-6 fatty acids (∑ n-6=3.02±0.49, and the reason n-6: n-3 (2.91±0.12). The atherogenicity (0.65±0.05) and trombogenicity (1.47±0.10) indexes, important indexes to predict heart coronary diseases risk, were not affected by the inclusion of LA in the diet of the animals. The results suggest that LA can be included up to 1.5% (DM basis of total diet) in the diets of Nellore without causing any significant changes in the fatty acids profile of the meat.

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Differences on Biochemical Composition of GoatMilk at Carpathian Breed and Half Breed Saanen X Carpathian and French Alpine X Carpathian

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.20.2.7936 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 71 (2) ◽

pp. 352-357

Author(s):

Andreea Hortanse Anghel ◽

Dorina Nadolu ◽

Elena Ilisiu ◽

Ana Cismileanu

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Biochemical Composition ◽

Protein Concentration ◽

Methyl Esters ◽

Goat Milk ◽

Decisive Role ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Milk Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acids Profile ◽

Intensive System

The aim of our study was to evaluate the gradient of milk yield, of milk biochemical composition and fatty acids profile according to breed, for primipara goats from Carpathian breed and Saanen x Carpathian and French Alpine x Carpathian half breed that were grown in semi-intensive system (Dobrogea, South Romania). The studies were performed on goats raised at ANCC CAPRIROM farm, located in Constanta, Romania. The biochemical parameters (fat, proteins, lactose) were studied by electrochemical method with a Lactostar analyzer Funke Gerber type specialized for goat milk. Milk fatty acids profile, as fatty acids methyl esters (FAME), was determined by chromatographically gas method. The considerable high protein content found in half breeds, might be explained by the fact that bucks from specialized breeds such us Saanen and French Alpine which were used for half breeding, come from imported animals from France, which were locus genotyped for alpha S1 casein gene and were selected dominant genotypes that lead to a higher protein concentration in milk.The statistical analysis shows that the milk coming from Carpathian does and their half breeds is not significantly different regarding the levels of various fatty acids, saving omega 3 acids, which are considerable higher at Carpathian does, proving that food has the decisive role regarding composition.

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Polyphenols and IUGR Pregnancies: Effects of Maternal Hydroxytyrosol Supplementation on Hepatic Fat Accretion and Energy and Fatty Acids Profile of Fetal Tissues

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11071534 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 1534 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Garcia-Contreras ◽

Vazquez-Gomez ◽

Pardo ◽

Heras-Molina ◽

Encinas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Energy Homeostasis ◽

Energy Content ◽

Fetal Liver ◽

Fetal Tissue ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Fatty Acids Profile ◽

Inflammatory Status ◽

Omega 6 ◽

Fat Accretion

Maternal supplementation with hydroxytyrosol, a polyphenol present in olive leaves and fruits, is a highly promising strategy to improve the oxidative and metabolic status of fetuses at risk of intrauterine growth restriction, which may diminish the appearance of low-birth-weight neonates. The present study aimed to determine whether hydroxytyrosol, by preventing lipid peroxidation, may influence the fat accretion and energy homeostasis in the liver, as well as the fatty acid composition in the liver and muscle. The results indicate that hydroxytyrosol treatment significantly decreased the energy content of the fetal liver, without affecting fat accretion, and caused significant changes in the availability of fatty acids. There were significant increases in the amount of total polyunsaturated fatty acids, omega-3 and omega-6, which are highly important for adequate fetal tissue development. However, there were increases in the omega-6/omega-3 ratio and the desaturation index, which make further studies necessary to determine possible effects on the pro/anti-inflammatory status of the fetuses.

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Dietary supplementation with omega 3 and omega 6 fatty acids reduces induced white blood cell aggregation in healthy volunteers

Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids ◽

10.1016/s0952-3278(98)90072-2 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 58 (5) ◽

pp. 365-368 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

C. Maple ◽

M. McLaren ◽

A. Bancroft ◽

M. Ho ◽

J.J.F. Belch

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Blood Cell ◽

Healthy Volunteers ◽

White Blood Cell ◽

Dietary Supplementation ◽

Cell Aggregation ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Omega 6 ◽

Blood Cell Aggregation

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Superovulatory response and embryo quality in Boer does following dietary supplementation with different sources of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids during the breeding season

Animal Reproduction Science ◽

10.1016/j.anireprosci.2021.106718 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 227 ◽

pp. 106718

Author(s):

Miguel Camacho ◽

Denisse Garza ◽

Brandon Gutiérrez-Zamora ◽

Heidi Rodríguez-Ramírez ◽

Gerardo Méndez-Zamora ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Breeding Season ◽

Embryo Quality ◽

Dietary Supplementation ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Omega 6 ◽

Different Sources

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Alternations in Cholesterol and Fatty Acids Composition in Egg Yolk of Rhode Island Red x Fyoumi Hens Fed with Hemp Seeds (Cannabis sativaL.)

Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2015/362936 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Suhaib Shahid ◽

Naila Chand ◽

Rifat Ullah Khan ◽

Syed Muhammad Suhail ◽

Nazir Ahmad Khan

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Rhode Island ◽

Laying Hens ◽

Egg Yolk ◽

Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Hemp Seed ◽

Fatty Acids Profile ◽

Omega 6 ◽

Yolk Cholesterol

The present study was designed to evaluate the influence of hemp seed (HS) supplementation on egg yolk cholesterol and fatty acid composition in laying hens. Sixty hens (Rhode Island Red x Fyoumi) were evenly distributed into four groups (three replicates per group) at the peak production (34 weeks). HS was included into the ration at the level of 0.0 (HS-0), 15 (HS-15), 20 (HS-20), and 25% (HS-25) and continued the supplementation for consecutively three weeks. At the end of the experiment, three eggs per replicate were randomly collected and analyzed for egg yolk fatty acids and cholesterol profile. The statistical analysis of the result revealed that supplementation of HS-25 significantly(P<0.05)decreased egg yolk total cholesterol, myristic (C14:0), palmitic (C16:0), and stearic (C18:0). Similarly, total as well as individual monounsaturated fatty acids decreased significantly(P<0.05)while total and individual polyunsaturated fatty acids increased significantly in the HS-25. In addition, total omega-3 and omega-6 increased significantly in the HS-25 group. From the present result, we concluded that addition of HS at the rate of 25% to the diet of laying hens augmented the cholesterol and fatty acids profile in egg yolk.

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Characterisation of Formaggella della Valle di Scalve Cheese Produced from Cows Reared in Valley Floor Stall or in Mountain Pasture: Fatty Acids Profile and Sensory Properties

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods9040383 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 383 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Paolo Formaggioni ◽

Massimo Malacarne ◽

Piero Franceschi ◽

Valentina Zucchelli ◽

Michele Faccia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Sensory Properties ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Mountain Areas ◽

Mountain Area ◽

Fatty Acids Profile ◽

First Case ◽

Omega 6 ◽

Mountain Pasture ◽

Long Chain

An important problem in mountain areas is the abandonment of pasture. This trend can be combated by the valorisation of typical dairy products, such as “Formaggella della Valle di Scalve”, a semi-cooked traditional cheese made from whole milk in a mountain area in Italy. The aim of the present research was to compare the fatty acid (FA) profile and the sensory properties of this cheese as manufactured under different conditions: i) from the milk of cows grazing on mountain or valley pasture or fed indoors; ii) from the milk of cows fed hay or fed silage. In the first case, five cheesemaking trials were conducted during two years for each of the following situations: mountain pasture (A); pasture at the bottom of the valley (P) (about 1000m asl); stall (S). In the second case, three cheesemaking trials were conducted for each of the following situations: cows fed silage (I); cows fed hay (F). S cheese was richer in medium-chain FAs, while long-chain FAs were higher in P and A cheeses. On the other hand, long chain fatty acids (LCFA) were more abundant in P and A cheeses than in S. In general, MUFA, PUFA and, consequently, total unsaturated FA (UFA), were significantly higher in the P and A cheeses than S (UFA: 36.55 and 38.34, respectively, vs. 31.13; p < 0.001), while SFA showed higher values in S (68.85 vs. 63.41 and 61.68 in P and A, respectively; p < 0.001). Conjugated linoleic acid isomers (CLA) were more represented in the P and A samples (1.86 in P and 1.52 in A, vs. 0.80 in S; p < 0.001); Omega 3 fatty acids, and in particular α-linolenic acid, were more abundant in P than in S cheese. In winter, the I sample (silage) presented higher percentages of myristic (C14), myristoleic (C14:1) and omega 6 acids, whereas F cheese (hay) contained higher concentrations of CLA. The triangular test of sensory analysis showed that, in general, F cheeses were judged as “sweeter” than I, with aromatic profiles characterized by higher content of 2- butanol and ethyl capronate.

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