scholarly journals A Comparative Study on Fabric Efficiencies for Different Human Body Shapes in the Apparel Industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tayyab Naveed ◽  
Azmat Hussain ◽  
Aijaz Ahmed Babar ◽  
Awais Naeem ◽  
Hassan Mussana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
P Value ◽  
Apparel Manufacturing ◽  
Body Shapes ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
Garment Manufacturing ◽  
Marker Efficiency

Abstract In the apparel manufacturing, fabric utilization always remains the significant apprehensions in controlling the production expenditure. Alteration in pattern shapes and marker preparation leads to the enormous utilization of fabric. The purpose of this research is to study fabric efficiency in correspondence with four different human body shapes in both genders. Two clothing styles, fitted trousers and fitted shirts, were processed conventionally in the garment manufacturing company. The comparative study of auto-marker and manual-marker making through Garment Gerber Technology (GGT) software were also accomplished. The evaluation of fabric consumptions, marker efficiency, marker loss, fabric loss, and fabric cost relevant to four different body shapes was analyzed for both women and men. The investigation carried out in this article concludes that there are differences in fabric consumptions, efficiencies, and cost-effectiveness relative to body shapes. The result revealed that the manualmarker of trousers for triangular body shape in women’s wears has the least fabric consumption (most cost-effective), whereas the shirt’s auto-marker for an oval body shape in men’s wears has the most fabric utilization (least costeffective). The manual-virtual-marker making is efficient (significant p-value) than auto-generated-markers. Also, fabric utilization for women’s garments is cost-effective than that for men. Trousers are cost-effective compared to the shirts.

Influence of Woven Fabric Width and Human Body Types on the Fabric Efficiencies in the Apparel Manufacturing

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 484-496
Author(s):  
Tayyab Naveed ◽  
Yueqi Zhong ◽  
Yu Zhicai ◽  
Muhammad Awais Naeem ◽  
Lu Kai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
P Value ◽  
Apparel Manufacturing ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Body Shapes ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Marker Efficiency

AbstractIn the apparel manufacturing, the fabric is the single largest element in the cost of the garment. Therefore, effectual fabric consumption causes a reduction in cost and exertions. The purpose of this research is to study the effects of fabric width on the efficiency of marker (cutting) plans. Fabric consumption is in four types for human body shapes, that is, triangle, oval, square, and circle, in both genders to control the fabric utilization. Two clothing styles, fitted trousers and fitted shirts, are manufactured in an apparel manufacturing industry. The marker plans produced through Garment Gerber Technology software are accomplished in 36 different fabric widths (independent variables). The evaluation of dependent variables, that is, marker efficiency, marker loss, and fabric consumption efficiency relevant to four body shapes in variable fabric widths is analyzed for both women and men. The statistical analysis indicates that there is a linear relationship between marker efficiency and fabric width (sig <0.05). The regression analysis (p-value) between dependent variables and predictor variables (body types and fabric width) is also statistically significant. Also, the result implies that markers are more productive with larger fabric widths in all styles in both genders.

Representation of a Human Body: A Comparison Study between Balinese and Javanese Traditional House

Humaniora ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
Anak Agung Ayu Wulandari ◽  
Ade Ariyani Sari Fajarwati
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Architectural Drawing ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
Head Area

The research would look further at the representation of the human body in both Balinese and Javanese traditional houses and compared the function and meaning of each part. To achieve the research aim, which was to evaluate and compare the representation of the human body in Javanese and Balinese traditional houses, a qualitative method through literature and descriptive analysis study was conducted. A comparative study approach would be used with an in-depth comparative study. It would revealed not only the similarities but also the differences between both subjects. The research shows that both traditional houses represent the human body in their way. From the architectural drawing top to bottom, both houses show the same structure that is identical to the human body; head at the top, followed by the body, and feet at the bottom. However, the comparative study shows that each area represents a different meaning. The circulation of the house is also different, while the Balinese house is started with feet and continued to body and head area. Simultaneously, the Javanese house is started with the head, then continued to body, and feet area.

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EFFICACY, POTENCY AND RECOVERY OF INTRATHECAL 0.5% ROPIVACAINE WITH FENTANYLAND 0.5% LEVOBUPIVACAINE WITH FENTANYL IN LOWER ABDOMINAL SURGERIES IN PATIENTS OF 18-60YEARS OF AGE

2021 ◽  
pp. 74-76
Author(s):  
Payel Mitra ◽  
Archana Roy ◽  
Aamir Huda
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Motor Block ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Outpatient Setting ◽  
P Value ◽  
Equal Concentration ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Institutional Ethics ◽  
Care Surgery

INTRODUCTION:The recent trend in health care centres everywhere is to provide cost effective care to the patients. There is an increasing trend towards ambulatory day care surgery and rapid discharge of the patients. The operation of inguinal hernia or incisional hernia and even simple ligation surgeries are done without much complexities nowadays and can be completed in 60-90min without much intra or postoperative complications. Hence these have become an ideal procedure for outpatient setting and thereby reducing length of hospital stay. AIMS AND OBJECTIVE:A comparative study of efcacy, potency and recovery of intrathecal 0.5% ropivacaine with fentanyl and 0.5% levobupivacaine with fentanyl in lower abdominal surgeries in patients of 18-60years of age. MATERIALS AND METHOD: This is a prospective, comparative, observational study was conducted on 60 patients undergoing various lower abdominal surgeries under subarachnoid block (SAB) at Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal. This study was conducted over a period of 24-month. Approval of the Institutional Ethics Committee was taken. Awritten informed consent in the local language was taken from every patient. RESULT AND ANALYSIS: In RF 5 patients (17%) had onset at 3min, 17patients (57%) at 6min, 7 patients (23%) at 9min, 1 patient (3%) at 12min. In LBF 8 patients had onset at 0 min, 22 patients had onset at 3min. p value is less than 0.0001 which is statistically signicant. In RF, 23 patients (77%) had duration of motor block for 150min and 7 patients (23%) had for 180min. In LBF, 26 patients (87%) had duration of motor block for 210 min and 4 patients (13%) had for 180min. The p value is less than 0.0001, which is statistically signicant. SUMMARYAND CONCLUSION: This study was to compare potency, efcacy and recovery between the two groups of drugs. A potency of a drug is a measure of drug activity expressed in terms of the amount required to produce an effect of given intensity. Here both the drugs in comparison was given in equal concentration and found that levobupivacaine produced higher effect, reached Bromage 3 in lesser time than ropivacaine. So levobupivacaine was more potent drug. Efcacy is the ability to get a job done satisfactorily

scholarly journals Personalized 3D mannequin reconstruction based on 3D scanning

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
PengPeng Hu ◽  
Duan Li ◽  
Ge Wu ◽  
Taku Komura ◽  
Dongliang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
3D Scanning ◽  
The Body ◽  
Shape Information ◽  
Apparel Manufacturing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Conventional Methods

PurposeCurrently, a common method of reconstructing mannequin is based on the body measurements or body features, which only preserve the body size lacking of the accurate body geometric shape information. However, the same human body measurement does not equal to the same body shape. This may result in an unfit garment for the target human body. The purpose of this paper is to propose a novel scanning-based pipeline to reconstruct the personalized mannequin, which preserves both body size and body shape information.Design/methodology/approachThe authors first capture the body of a subject via 3D scanning, and a statistical body model is fit to the scanned data. This results in a skinned articulated model of the subject. The scanned body is then adjusted to be pose-symmetric via linear blending skinning. The mannequin part is then extracted. Finally, a slice-based method is proposed to generate a shape-symmetric 3D mannequin.FindingsA personalized 3D mannequin can be reconstructed from the scanned body. Compared to conventional methods, the method can preserve both the size and shape of the original scanned body. The reconstructed mannequin can be imported directly into the apparel CAD software. The proposed method provides a step for digitizing the apparel manufacturing.Originality/valueCompared to the conventional methods, the main advantage of the authors’ system is that the authors can preserve both size and geometry of the original scanned body. The main contributions of this paper are as follows: decompose the process of the mannequin reconstruction into pose symmetry and shape symmetry; propose a novel scanning-based pipeline to reconstruct a 3D personalized mannequin; and present a slice-based method for the symmetrization of the 3D mesh.

scholarly journals Anthropometry and Size Groups in the Clothing Industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
Monika Balach ◽  
Marzanna Lesiakowska-Jablonska ◽  
Iwona Frydrych
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Apparel Industry ◽  
The Body ◽  
Clothing Industry ◽  
Size Groups ◽  
Body Shapes ◽  
Modal Group

AbstractIt appears that from generation to generation the anthropometric dimensions of the human population are changing. The aim of this paper was to examine the extent of these changes and the need for generating updated measurements for the clothing industry. The clothing industry uses mannequins and avatars to represent the modal group of the population. The industry tends to use three different categories for the human body shape (endomorphic, mesomorphic, and ectomorphic). The clothing industry should focus on specific measurements of the body rather than general categories and create more body shapes to satisfy customer needs. The paper also aimed at showing the problems faced by clothing designers. The traditional way of measuring takes into account only selected dimensions of the human body; this does not reflect the “true” overall body shape. The dimension tables used by the apparel industry are based on the fourth anthropometric photograph taken between 1987 and 1989. These tables are still in the use currently; however, after 30 years they are outdated and should be revised for the young contemporary generation. This study can be used for the development of new dimension tables as well as defining methods aimed at improving the quality of measurements for clothing engineering purposes. This is an important issue, because the National Institute of Anthropometry does not deal with such problems (the measurements are conducted mainly for understanding the human body shape rather than any other application), which means that anthropometric measurements are not ideally suited to applications of clothes fitting.

scholarly journals A comparative study of pulmonary function between smokers and nonsmokers of rural population of Katihar, Bihar, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 911
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
Shanker Suman
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
P Value ◽  
Pulmonary Functions ◽  
Prior Consent ◽  
The Comparative Study

Background: In India, where majority of the population lives by agriculture and linked occupations in rural areas despite of rapid increase in urban population, the pulmonary function is expected to vary between smokers and non-smokers.Methods: This study was carried out in the rural population of Katihar, Bihar in 100 participants. Prior consent was obtained from the Ethical committee for the study. Computerized spirometer RMS Helios 701 was used for the study.Results: This study was done for a better understanding of effects of smoking in the rural population of Katihar. In rural non-smokers, the observed value of pulmonary functions in mean±standard deviation, FVC was 3.28±1.04 litres, FEV1 was 2.72±0.97 litres, FEV1% was 85.24±28.24, PEFR was 7.8±1.98 litres/minute, FEF25-75% was 4.28±0.99 litres. The observed value of pulmonary functions in rural smoker population in mean±standard deviation, FVC was 2.56±0.86 litres, FEV1 was 2.21±0.96 litres, FEV1% was 86.00±23.73, PEFR was 5.65±2.18 litres/minute, FEF25-75% was 3.34±1.37 litres.Conclusions: The comparative study of pulmonary function between rural smokers and rural non-smokers showed significant decreased value (p value < 0.05) in smokers of rural population.

scholarly journals New forms of mobilization, new people mobilized? Evidence from the Comparative Study of Electoral Systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 605-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro C Magalhães ◽  
John H Aldrich ◽  
Rachel K Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
Text Messaging ◽  
Electoral Systems ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Election Campaigns ◽  
Age Gap ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Comparative Study

Mobilization efforts by parties and candidates during election campaigns tend to reach those who are more likely to vote in the first place. This is thought to be particularly consequential for turnout among the young. Harder and less cost-effective to reach, young adults are less mobilized and vote less often, creating a vicious circle of demobilization. However, new forms of political communication—including online and text messaging—have created expectations this circle might be broken. Is this happening? We examine data from Module 4 of the Comparative Study of Electoral Systems surveys, looking at the prevalence of different types of party contacts in 38 countries, the profile of voters who are reached, and the effects of these efforts on turnout. New forms of party contacting do matter for turnout and partially reduce the age gap in contacting, but still fail to compensate for the much larger differentials that persist in traditional forms of contacting.

The Comparative Study on Characteristics of Antagonistic Event-Group Athletes’ Competitive Ability

2011 ◽  
Vol 187 ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Yi Hai Hu ◽  
Ping Gao ◽  
Lin Lu
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Competitive Ability ◽  
Theory Model ◽  
Body Function ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
Weight Number

This paper is based on the athlete’s competitive ability theory model, chosing seven antagonistic events to study. By mathematical dealing with every event’s competitive ability factors and comparing the weight number of each factor within and between sub event-groups to get the different or same characteristics in these events. The result is that the weight numbers in different events are different, which reflects the imbalance development of competitive ability. Specials’ competitive ability characteristics focus on the consistent weight numbers of condition ability, sport tactics and sport intellect and the difference of weight numbers of body shape, body function and sport technique.

scholarly journals Structural feature factors extraction of upper body shape for young female

2021 ◽  
Vol 237 ◽  
pp. 01024
Author(s):  
Yujie Ren ◽  
Hongshu Jin
Keyword(s):  
Structural Feature ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Surface Feature ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Feature Points ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Principle Component ◽  
Body Shapes

Human body shape feature points are the key information and basic unit for human body model we are constructing, which performance the difference of body shapes. The purpose of the study is to extract the structural feature factors related to the upper body surface feature points for young females. The 12 feature points of upper body surface were manually confirmed from anthropometric expertise. A total of 31 measurements items, including 3 body surface measurement and 28 photo measurement, were collected for 33 females college students According to the results of correlation analysis, the feature variables of the width, thickness and height dimension based on 12 feature points significantly respectively correlated to the variables of their coordinate orientation, furthermore, the correlated relationship which reflected the width and height features of neck and shoulders shape mainly affected by local skeletal structures. Then, four principle component factors account for upper body shapes of young females, such as width, thickness, height and shoulder shape with characteristic value all over 1, were extracted by the principal component analysis, and the cumulative contribution rate reached 87.387%. Therefore, a total of 8 feature variables sifted from each principle component factor with a loading coefficient over 0.7 as fundamental typical indicators represent the three-dimensional characteristics of body surface feature points reflecting the divergence of body shapes, and it is useful structural information for individual human body modelling.

scholarly journals The Comparative Study of Drotaverine Hydrochloride and Valethamate Bromide in First Stage of Labor

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
Sudhir Babu Palii ◽  
Vijaya Lakshmi Akkupalli ◽  
Suneetha Maddi
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Cervical Dilatation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Reduction Of Pain ◽  
Drotaverine Hydrochloride ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
Better Than ◽  
First Stage Of Labor

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate and compare the effects of drotaverine and valethamate on cervical dilatation. Materials and methods Total of 100 patients (aged 20 to 30 years) including both primigravidae and multigravidae in first stage of labor, were divided randomly into two groups with 50 patients in each. The drotaverine (D) and valethamate (V) groups were given intravenously, 40 mg drotaverine hydrochloride to the former with every 2 hours for a maximum of 3 doses and 8 mg valethamate bromide to the latter with maximum of 6 doses half an hour apart. Results In primigravidae and multigravidae the average duration of active phase is shortened by 3 hours with 1.92 cm/ hour cervical dilatation in drotaverine group and 1 hour 45 minutes with 1.44 cm/hour in valethamate group (p-value < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the duration of second and third stages in both groups. No obstetrical complications or major side effects observed in both groups. Conclusion Drotaverine accelerates labor better than of valethamate. The reduction of pain during labor is better with drotaverine when compared with valethamate. How to cite this article Palii SB, Akkupalli VL, Maddi S. The Comparative Study of Drotaverine Hydrochloride and Valethamate Bromide in First Stage of Labor. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2013;5(2):52-56.

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