scholarly journals The impedance analysis of small intestine fusion by pulse source

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 808-818
Author(s):  
Yifan Wang ◽  
Kefu Liu ◽  
Xiaowei Xiang ◽  
Caihui Zhu ◽  
Hao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Pressure Gauge ◽  
Equivalent Circuit Model ◽  
Impedance Measurement ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Duty Ratio ◽  
Feedback Signal ◽  
Pulse Source ◽  
Compression Pressure ◽  
Output Time

AbstractThe radiofrequency-induced intestine fusion has been widely studied as an alternative for traditional suture in surgery, but fusion quality cannot be evaluated directly. Impedance measurement can evaluate fusion quality, but the relation between impedance and the fusion quality needs optimization for best results. The present study reports the optimum resistance of small intestine fusion. As the feedback signal, resistance was considered the indicator of the fusion completion for the device design of intestine fusion and an in-depth study of microstructure change. A self-design pulse source was used for the small intestine fusion with adjustable voltage, duty ratio, frequency and output time. A frequency of 440 kHz was set, whereas voltage, output time and compression pressure (CP) of the small intestine were independent variables. Different conditions of voltage, CP and time were investigated for achieving the highest burst pressure (BP) measured with a pressure gauge and a peristaltic pump. Each parameter of the equivalent circuit model was calculated by an experimental waveform. Hematoxylin–eosin staining of fusion samples was used for assessing the quality of fusion. The real-time current was measured and recorded during the fusion for the calculation of capacitance and resistance. The highest BP of 38.9 mmHg was achieved with a CP of 900 kPa, a voltage of 50 V and a time of 5 s. Finally, an optimum extracellular resistance range of 61.0–86.2 Ω was found as the optimum resistance for the end of fusion, thus indicating automatic fusion with the best fusion quality.

The Optimum Resistance of Small Intestine Fusion by Pulse Source

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yifan Wang ◽  
Kefu Liu ◽  
Xiaowei Xiang ◽  
Caihui Zhu ◽  
Hao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Pressure Gauge ◽  
Duty Ratio ◽  
Feedback Signal ◽  
Pulse Source ◽  
Compression Pressure ◽  
Replacement Method ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Output Time

Abstract Background The radiofrequency (RF)-induced intestine-fusion, as a replacement method for traditional suture in surgery, has been studied for years. The present study reports the optimum resistance of small intestine fusion. As the feedback signal, resistance will be the indicator of the fusion completion for device design of intestine-fusion, and in-depth study of microstructure change. Materials and methods A self-design pulse source is used for small intestine fusion with adjustable voltage, duty ratio, frequency and output time. In this study, the frequency is 440 kHz; voltage, output time and compression pressure (CP) on the small intestine are independent variables for the experiment. The differences of hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining slices are discussed. The real time current is measured and recorded during the fusion for calculation of resistance. The burst pressure (BP) is measured with a pressure gauge and a peristaltic pump after the fusion completion. Results The highest BP is 38.9 mmHg with CP of 900 kPa, voltage of 50 v and time of 5 s. The optimum resistance is 71.1 Ω. Conclusions The quality of fusion is a result of combined influence of CP, voltage and time. The optimum resistance of 71.1 Ω is proposed for the highest BPs and automatically fusion.

scholarly journals An Impedance Study of the Membrane Polarisation Effect in Simulated Rock Systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Michael Charles Harold McKubre
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
Impedance Measurement ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Laboratory Model ◽  
Pore Geometry ◽  
Impedance Spectra ◽  
Clay Rock ◽  
Polarisation Effect ◽  
Diffusional Limitation ◽  
Electrochemical Model

<p>Work is reported on the development of a high precision, low frequency impedance bridge, and the use of impedance measurement in characterising the induced polarisation effect of unmineralised material. Impedance spectra for a variety of laboratory model clay/rock/electrolyte systems are analysed in terms of an equivalent circuit. By measuring the dependence of the parameters of this circuit, on such variables as electrolyte type and concentration, temperature and pore geometry, an electrochemical model for membrane polarisation has been developed. Polarisation is considered to arise from diffusional limitation of cations at the membrane/electrolyte interface of clay aggregations in rock pores, and this is found to be amenable to a Warburg diffusional impedance analysis.</p>

scholarly journals Free Volumes Associated with Sintering in Gadolinium Doped Ceria Solid Solutions

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomomi Kosaka ◽  
Kiminori Sato
Keyword(s):  
Positron Lifetime ◽  
Complex Impedance ◽  
Impedance Measurement ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Doped Ceria ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Complex Impedance Analysis ◽  
Ceria Solid Solutions ◽  
Positron Lifetime Spectroscopy ◽  
Gadolinium Doped Ceria

Gadolinium-doped ceria (GDC) solid solution prepared by the oxalate coprecipitation method is investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), complex impedance analysis, and positron lifetime spectroscopy. XRD reveals an expansion of GDC lattice constant by doping gadolinium into a ceria host crystal, in agreement with an oxygen vacancy model. The ionic conductivity of GDC measured at 773 K in air is two orders of magnitude higher than that of undoped ceria. Positron lifetime spectroscopy reveals the presence of vacancy-sized free volumes and nanovoids in interfaces among crystallites. It is found that the vacancy-sized free volumes shrink with increasing sintering temperatures. In the present paper, recent advances in the studies of GDC by XRD, complex impedance measurement, and positron lifetime spectroscopy are reviewed to gain an insight into the sintering mechanism.

scholarly journals Broadband Impedance Measurement of Lithium-Ion Battery in the Presence of Nonlinear Distortions

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2493
Author(s):  
Jussi Sihvo ◽  
Tomi Roinila ◽  
Daniel-Ioan Stroe
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Equivalent Circuit Model ◽  
Impedance Measurement ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Li Ion Battery ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Impedance Measurements ◽  
Nonlinear Distortions ◽  
Measured Impedance ◽  
Li Ion

The impedance of a Lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery has been shown to be a valuable tool in evaluating the battery characteristics such as the state-of-charge (SOC) and state-of-health (SOH). Recent studies have shown impedance-measurement methods based on broadband pseudo-random sequences (PRS) and Fourier techniques. The methods can be efficiently applied in real-time applications where the conventional electrochemical-impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is not well suited to measure the impedance. The techniques based on the PRS are, however, strongly affected by the battery nonlinearities. This paper presents the use of a direct-synthesis ternary (DST) signal to minimize the effect caused by the nonlinearities. In such a signal, the second- and third-order harmonics are suppressed from the signal energy spectrum. As a result, the effect of the second- and third-order nonlinearities are suppressed from the impedance measurements. The impedance measurements are carried out for a nickel manganese cobalt Li-ion battery cell. The performance of the method is compared to the conventional EIS, as well as to other PRS signals which are more prone to battery nonlinearities. The Kronig–Kramers (K–K) transformation test is used to validate the uniqueness of the measured impedance spectra. It is shown that the measurement method based on the DST produces highly accurate impedance measurements under nonlinear distortions of the battery. The method shows a good K–K test behavior indicating that the measured impedance complies well to a linearized equivalent circuit model that can be used for the SOC and SOH estimation of the battery. Due to the good performance, low measurement time, and simplicity of the DST, the method is well suited for practical battery applications.

scholarly journals No differences in the body fat after violating core bioelectrical impedance measurement assumptions

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arshdeep K. Randhawa ◽  
Veronica Jamnik ◽  
Michael D. T. Fung ◽  
Adam S. Fogel ◽  
Jennifer L. Kuk
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis ◽  
Impedance Measurement ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Weight Loss Intervention ◽  
Preliminary Measurement

Abstract Objective It is unclear to what degree acutely violating bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) measurement assumptions will alter the predicted percent fat mass (%FM) and whether this differs by sex or body mass index (BMI). Methods %FM was assessed under control, dehydration, exercise, water, food intake and non-voided bladder conditions with three BIA devices (Tanita: BC-418, TBF-314, & Omron HBF-306CN) for men (n = 23, age: 24.0 ± 5.2 years old) and women (n = 17, age: 22.5 ± 3.4 years old) separately. Results For all BIA devices, there were no differences in the %FM values between the control and the other conditions in men or women (− 1.9 to 0.4%, p > 0.05). Across the three devices and five conditions, 97% of %FM tests returned values within 5% of control (2 tests), and 86% of tests were within 2% of control despite violating an assumption. The errors were greatest with dehydration and women were more likely to have a %FM difference greater than 2% than men with dehydration using the hand-to-foot device (Tanita TBF-314: 59% versus 9%). There were no differences in %FM between control and the conditions when examined by BMI (overweight/obesity: − 2.8 to 0.1% and normal weight: − 1.7 to 0.5%; BMI*trial, p = 0.99). Conclusion %FM estimates were similar despite acutely violating the preliminary measurement BIA assumptions across a range of different BMIs. The minor variations in %FM are smaller than what would be expected with day-to-day variability or weight loss intervention but may be larger in women than men.

Spectroscopic impedance measurement front-end for applications in industrial processes

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Flatscher ◽  
Markus Neumayer ◽  
Thomas Bretterklieber
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Impedance Measurement ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Measurement Capability ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Front End ◽  
Industrial Environments

AbstractThe determination and differentiation of various materials is of great interest in numerous applications. For this purpose, spectroscopic impedance measurement systems are applied. The frequency dependent impedance analysis enables a detailed material investigation and an assessment of its composition e. g. the moisture content. By applying impedance measurement systems in industrial environments conditions as high temperatures, high pressures or vibrations have to be considered. In this paper we present a front-end topology intended to be used for frequency spectroscopic based measurement systems, deployed in industrial environments. The impedance measurement capability of the proposed system is investigated by means of a realized prototype. We present results obtained for measurement frequencies up to 50\hspace{0.1667em}\text{MHz} and address calibration strategies, which improve the robustness. The measurement electronics is also characterized over the environmental temperature range.

Mobile Communication Inter-Symbol Crosstalk Cancellation Based on Calman Digital Equalizer Filter

2014 ◽  
Vol 716-717 ◽  
pp. 1262-1266
Author(s):  
Li Hua Sun ◽  
Cui Cui Huang ◽  
Liang Jun Yu
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Communication ◽  
Signal Transmission ◽  
Reference Signal ◽  
State Equation ◽  
Duty Ratio ◽  
Feedback Signal ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Communication Signal ◽  
Matlab Programming ◽  
Inter Symbol Interference

In the digital mobile communication signal transmission system, the inter-symbol interference is one of the main factors affecting the performance. In order to make the error rate reducing to a minimum, this paper designs a new Calman digital equalization filter. It is based on Calman filter principle, and establishes the control mathematical model of observation equation and state equation, and uses MATLAB programming to realize the algorithm. In order to verify the effectiveness and reliability of this filter, this paper uses filter toolbox of MATAB to do numerical simulation on the filtering effect. Through comparing with normal digital equalization filter effect, after adding the Calman digital equalizer filter, the feedback signal is conformed to the reference signal. The duty ratio of SPWM follows the basic changing law, so as to maximize the elimination of crosstalk inter-symbol. It provides reference data for the research on mobile communication inter-symbol interference.

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