scholarly journals Spatial structure of a city and the mobility of its residents: functional and planning aspects

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (34) ◽  
pp. 91-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy J. Parysek ◽  
Lidia Mierzejewska
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Theoretical Support ◽  
Basic Goal ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The City

Abstract In the latest conceptions of urban development planning, special attention is paid to the resident. This is reflected especially in the increasingly popular idea of creating ‘a city for people’. This somewhat banal slogan has got an increasingly sensible and justified theoretical support, as well as examples of practical solutions. The idea of planning urban development to meet human needs (a city for people) underlies many conceptions of urban development, especially those the basic goal of which is to limit suburbanisation unfavourable from a general social point of view and to rationalise the mobility of city residents. It has long been known that their mobility reflects the spatial structure of a city, and that their ever more intensive movement is not favourable from the ecological, social and economic points of view. In this situation it is necessary to shape the spatial-functional structure of the city in a way that will, first, restrict this mobility and, secondly, that will change the ways and means by which residents move. However, in order to make changes in the existing spatial structures in a rational way, it is necessary to know the mobility of city dwellers, its causes, directions, distances covered, and duration. What we shall present in this paper are structural and functional conclusions resulting from an analysis of the mobility of residents relevant for planning. Although our reflections will be primarily theoretical in nature, in many cases they will be backed up by empirical studies, mostly concerning Poznań.

scholarly journals KEBIJAKAN PERENCANAAN TATA RUANG DAN PEMBERDAYAAN POTENSI DAERAH DI INDONESIA

Populasi ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Yoyok Wahyu Subroto
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
City Development ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
A Priority ◽  
The City

The massive spatial expansion of the city into the fringe area has caused many problems mainly related to the spatial exploitation in both city and villages surrounding. The problem is also caused by the city development which its pace can not compete with the population growth. The aim of this study is to formulate the policy planning of spatial arrangement for the region potential empowerment. The spatial planning itself is directed to control and support in formulating spatial policy that should be efficient, effective and proportional. The descriptive method with field observation approach and literature survey is used to obtain the data. The result of the studypointed that the empowerment of the region power have to be supported by the spatial planning policy formulation which means that (1) spatial arrangement must put human and space in holistical point of view and bonding the social values together;(2) the urban-rural lingkages concept must put in a priority for formulating the internal spatial structure of regional planning and to empower villages as growth poles;(3) the spatial planning process has to be able to gain the best possibility of spatial arrangement where the pattern and distribution of space can ensure the existence of the city and village; (4) spatial planning have to accommodate spatial structure;(5) the application of spatial planning have to be based on self- containedpower of the region which put the bottom-up concept in a priority; (6) the spatial planning product have to be directed to the solid effort for future spatial usage.

scholarly journals A Lacanian understanding of urban development plans under the neoliberal discourse

2020 ◽  
pp. 147309522098111
Author(s):  
Elham Bahmanteymouri
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Late Capitalism ◽  
Hegemonic Discourse ◽  
Surplus Value ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
Market Rationality ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
The City

Urban development and land release policies in the city fringes are criticised because they often fail to achieve their objectives such as providing affordable housing for low to moderate-income groups as well as provision of infrastructure and transportation. From a Marxian point of view, urban development plans fail because of the inherent contradictions of capital, and consequently, maximisation of surplus-value becomes the main objectives of land supply policies. In this paper, I draw on the Lacanian concept of drive and use the homology between Marxian surplus-value and Lacanian surplus-enjoyment to explain how the market rationality of neoliberalism (late-capitalism) deflects the desired objectives of urban development plans (UDPs); that is, the desire to provide affordable housing and urban services and infrastructure instead facilitates speculative activities on land in the suburban areas of a metropolis, such as Perth, Western Australia. In particular, the paper focuses on the neoliberal intuitional and financial dimensions of UDPs. In conclusion, I suggest how planners may deal with the pressure of the lack in the hegemonic discourse of neoliberalism in order to avoid the stuckness of the logic of drive materialised in the operation of planning institutions.

Sustainable Urban Development

2018 ◽  
pp. 30-40
Author(s):  
Nicola Boccella ◽  
Irene Salerno
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
The World ◽  
University Of Rome ◽  
The City

The concept of participation in sustainable urban development practices is actually more and more popular in Europe and all over the world. In parallel, there is a rapid growth of urban design and planning projects including local communities in urban development planning activities. According to such concepts, this chapter, starting from the description of the results of field and desk researches carried out by ‘La Sapienza' University of Rome and related to communities involvement strategies currently available in Europe, describes and analyses a case study based on a concrete application of theoretical and methodological approaches, and two more cases of possible application of an integrated methodology. All the projects described concern the city of Rome.

scholarly journals Virtual Reality for Smart Urban Lighting Design: Review, Applications and Opportunities

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelangelo Scorpio ◽  
Roberta Laffi ◽  
Massimiliano Masullo ◽  
Giovanni Ciampi ◽  
Antonio Rosato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Lighting Design ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
City Life ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Lighting Systems ◽  
The City ◽  
Main City

More and more cities are evolving into smart cities, increasing their attractiveness, energy efficiency, and users’ satisfaction. Lighting systems play an important role in the evolution process, thanks to their ability to affect city life at night along with people’s mood and behaviour. In this scenario, advanced lighting design methods such as virtual reality (VR) became essential to assess lighting systems from different points of view, especially those linked with the city users’ expectations. Initially, the review highlights a list of objective and subjective parameters to be considered for the lighting design of three main city areas/applications: roads, green areas and buildings. Besides, the state-of-art in using VR for outdoor lighting design is established. Finally, the Unreal game engine is used to analyse the ability of VR to take into account the lighting parameters, not yet investigated in current literature and to highlight the VR potential for augmenting lighting design. The results confirm the benefit of using VR in lighting design, even if further investigations are needed to establish its reliability, especially from the photometrical point of view.

scholarly journals Understanding the Living Conditions of Chinese Urban Neighborhoods through Social Infrastructure Configurations: The Case Study of Tianjin

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Sun ◽  
Weikai Wang ◽  
Tao Sun ◽  
Ya Wang
Keyword(s):  
Urban Neighborhoods ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Residential Communities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The City

Under the unprecedented wave of urbanization and pace of economic development, the living conditions of residents have been unevenly changed in Chinese cities. To understand the diversified living conditions in Chinese urban neighborhoods from the supply-side point of view, new spatial and residential data were gathered to investigate the social infrastructure configurations around the residential communities. Using Tianjin as a case study, the research focuses on six important categories of human needs: education, healthcare, leisure, culture, entertainment, and transportation. Based on the cumulative accessibility measurements of 25 types of facilities, the social infrastructure configurations within neighborhoods are statistically and spatially analyzed and compared. The study discovered that: (1) despite the great diversity of living conditions in the city, the neighborhoods that have better services and strong associations with entertainment and education are prominent; (2) the neighborhoods with advantageous living conditions in different aspects tend to cluster at different places; (3) the neighborhoods of different types of communities, belonging to different administrative districts, or in different urban zones, all have distinctive characteristics in living conditions.

Beyond ‘Town and Gown’: The Role of the University in Small and Medium-Sized Cities

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michela Lazzeroni ◽  
Andrea Piccaluga
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Knowledge Spaces ◽  
The Status ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Town And Gown ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship

In recent years, universities have become more active in performing new activities that have been added to those regarded as ‘traditional’. This trend has led to a number of changes, among which is a transformation of the status of universities in urban and regional contexts and, in particular, an increase in their impact on the development of medium-sized university cities. From a methodological point of view the contribution of universities to urban development can be analysed from three different perspectives: knowledge and economic; relational; and cultural. Starting from these points of view, this paper analyses three cases of European medium-sized university cities (Oxford, Leuven and Pisa), in which the presence of one or more universities represents an important asset not only for the construction and evolution of knowledge spaces but also for urban development as a whole, by leaving tangible and intangible ‘traces’, reinforcing the relationship between academia and local community and contributing to the identity of knowledge cities.

Agent-Based Modeling for Urban Development Planning based on Human Needs. Conceptual Basis and Model Formulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 105110
Author(s):  
Mauricio González-Méndez ◽  
Camilo Olaya ◽  
Isidoro Fasolino ◽  
Michele Grimaldi ◽  
Nelson Obregón
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Agent Based Modeling ◽  
Conceptual Basis ◽  
Model Formulation ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Human Needs

scholarly journals URBAN DEVELOPMENT OF HISTORICAL AREAS IN TYUMEN LATE IN THE 19th AND EARLY 20th CENTURIES

2019 ◽  
pp. 24-36
Author(s):  
E. I. Volynets ◽  
I. V. Kulikova
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Town Planning ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
The Road ◽  
Historical Factors ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Architecture Development ◽  
The City

Design/methodology/approach: The historical and urban development of Tyumen is analyzed for the period of the 19th and early 20th centuries. The city division into historical areas and administrative districts and the current state of historical areas are considered. The territories of districts and characteristic architectural features are revealed. Purpose: The purpose of this work is to show the development of architecture of the city late in the 19th and early 20th centuries with regard to economic, political and historical factors. Research findings: The analysis of historical areas of Tyumen is given from the point of view of its urban development and architecture. The research utilizes modern and historical maps of the city of Tyumen and scientific publications. The research method consists of the analysis of information about the urban development using the literature and the correlation of this information with historical materials. The analysis is given to architectural dominants and their impact on the architectural and planning of historical areas. Research findings: The definition of historical areas locations and the analysis of the architecture development in Tyumen of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The diagrams are suggested for the location of architectural areas (churches, factories) and important town-planning elements (squares, squares, cemeteries, etc.) in the city infrastructure. Originality/value: The analysis is given to the intensive population growth in Tyumen, which affects the road system. For the last decade, a new system of streets has been developed both inside and outside the city. This fact affects both the urban planning and the architectural appearance of the city because some of architectural areas have been lost.

scholarly journals Urban regeneration and sustainable urban development from polycentric spatial structure traffic performance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Guo ◽  
◽  
Yo Cui ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Traffic Demand ◽  
Traffic Performance ◽  
Commuting Time ◽  
The City ◽  
Commuting Distance

Traffic congestion has become the main phenomenon of agglomeration dis-economy in urban. Adjusting spatial structure to improve traffic efficiency and reduce traffic pollution has become an important issue of urban sustainable development. The study adopts the social survey method to test the traffic performance of Harbin polycentric spatial structure. Combine with the colocation hypothesis, the paper analyzes the influencing factors of polycentric commuting distance and commuting time. The results show that the average commuting distance of centers is greater than that in the city, and the proportion of long-distance commuting is higher, but the faster commuting speed in the fringe area subcenters makes average commuting time shorter than that in the city. The importance of commuting costs is insufficient, the employment and residential location resources are extremely unbalanced, and they influence location selection of residence and employment and makes long-distance commuting economically reasonable. The fundamental ways to improve the traffic performance of polycentric spatial structure are to face up to the rationality of long-distance commuting and traffic demand, in urban renewal, adjusting commuting cost and the spatial layout of residential and employment resources, improving the balance between occupation and housing, promoting sustainable urban development.

scholarly journals LEIBNIZ’S MIRROR THESIS. SOLIPSISM, PRIVATE PERSPECTIVES AND CONCEPTUAL HOLISM

2018 ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
Antonio Maria Nunziante
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Optical Phenomena ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Symbolic Images ◽  
The City

One of the symbolic images to which Leibniz constantly entrusted the synthesis of his philosophy regards the idea of considering one and the same city from various visual perspectives. Such an image is diffused throughout all Leibniz’s writings and clearly reflects the philosopher’s interest for matters regarding perspective as well as optical phenomena. The point of view of its inhabitants can therefore be compared to a mirror that reflects some different portions of reality. But what do the city-viewers really see? Do they all see exactly the same thing? And assuming the plurality of points of view, how one can be sure that they share the same representative content? The paper presented here tries to offer a plausible interpretation of this topic also by linking different and somehow remote Leibnizian doctrines together.

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