scholarly journals Elucidation of stability profiles of common chemistry analytes in serum stored at six graded temperatures

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 1388-1396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihisa Shimizu ◽  
Kiyoshi Ichihara
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Complement Component ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Stability Pattern ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Complement Component 4 ◽  
Storage Temperatures

Abstract Background Many reports address the stability of biochemical analytes in serum. However, studies covering a wide range of storage temperatures are unavailable. Using equipment enabling precise temperature control, we investigated the effect of six different storage temperatures on serum analytes. Methods Serum specimens from seven healthy volunteers were obtained and divided into multiple aliquots for storage at −30, −20, −10, 0, 4, and 25 °C. On days 1, 3, 7, 14, 28 and 56, the aliquots stored at each temperature were relocated to a deep freezer maintained at −80 °C. On day 60, all aliquots were measured collectively for 13 major chemistry analytes. Results (1) At 25 °C, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatine kinase (CK), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and total bilirubin (TBil) were very unstable especially on day 7 and later. (2) At ≤4 °C, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT), amylase (AMY), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), TBil and complement component-4 (C4) were generally stable and were very stable at 25 °C until day 14. (3) Between −20 and 4 °C, especially at −10 °C, test results of ALT, AST and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) showed prominent decreases, but their stability was greatly improved at −30 °C. (4) In contrast, the value of complement component-3 (C3) increased at ≥− 20 °C. (5) At −30 °C, test results of all analytes were generally very stable except for ALT and CK, which showed noticeable reductions in activity after 14 days. Conclusions This is the first study to assess the stability of serum analytes at six graded temperatures simultaneously. Each analyte has a unique stability pattern for a range of temperatures.

scholarly journals Why Should We Measure Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Directly? Comparison of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Assessment by Friedewald Estimation, and Direct Measurement

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A305-A305
Author(s):  
Hofit Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Direct Measurement ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Friedewald Equation ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Intorduction: Plasma levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) are an important biomarker for coronary artery disease. In clinical and research settings worldwide, levels LDL-C are often not measured and are estimated using the Friedewald equation (total cholesterol - HDL cholesterol - triglycerides)/5). Bias of either over or underestimation of LDL-C can be corrected by direct measurement of LDL-C. We assessed the precision of the Friedewald equation in a heterogonous patients population within a wide range of lipid levels. Methods: A sample of consecutive fasting lipid profiles was obtained from ambulatory and hospitalized patients at the Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer. LDL-C concentrations were directly measured (dir LDL-C) (Olympus, Ireland) and correspondingly calculated at by the Friedewald equation (calc LDL-C). Results: 32,245 samples were analyzed. In 93% of the samples, underestimation of plasma levels of LDL-C was observed using the Friedewald equation. In 11,054 patients (34.3%), the difference between dir LDL and calc LDL were over 10mg/dl. In 7,693 patients (23.8%), the difference between dir LDL and calc LDL were over 20mg/dl. The difference between dir LDL and calc LDL correlated with plasma TG levels, including TG levels within the normal range. The difference between cal LDL and dir LDL levels is inversely correlated to cholesterol plasma levels. Conclusions: Direct measurement of LDL-C is more precise than Friedewald’s formula and overcomes the inaccurateness, due to elevated TG levels or relatively low LDL-C levels, in the setting of a heterogeneous Israeli population. In the era of extremely low LDL-C treatment goals, our findings require consideration due to their clinical importance and direct measurement of plasma LDL-C should be implemented as underestimation of LDL levels may lead to inappropriate therapeutic decisions.

Effect of dietary probiotic, antibiotic or combination on broiler performance, cecum microbial population and ileal development

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
Ahmed Elbaz ◽  
Said El-sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Control Diet ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Broiler Performance

Objective: To investigate the effect of antibiotics and/or probiotics on broiler performance, some serum metabolites, cecum microflora composition, and ileum histomorphology under the Egyptian conditions. Design: Randomized controlled experimental study. Animals: Two hundred forty 1-day-old Ross (308) chicks were reared till 35 days of age. Procedures: The birds were randomly allocated into four main groups: a control diet without additives (CON); probiotic (Lactobacillus acidophilus) supplemented diet (PRO); antibiotic (Avilamycin) supplemented diet (ANT) and a mix group (AP) that received antibiotic in the diet form 1 to 4 days of age and treated during the rest of the experimental period with probiotics. Results: Chickens fed on probiotic or antibiotic diets had linear improvement in live body weight (LBW) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared with the control group, while the best LBW and FCR were in the AP group. An improvement in the nutrient digestibility was observed in the probiotic added groups (PRO and AP). Serum cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol contents decreased when antimicrobial (probiotic or antibiotic) supplementations were used, while there was an increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol contents, serum total protein, and albumin levels. Among all groups, cecum Clostridium perfringens and Escherichia coli counts decreased; however, there was an increase in Lactobacillus count compared to the control group. In probiotic supplemented groups (PRO and AP), a significant (P<0.05) improvement in ilea architecture. Conclusion and clinical relevance: Using probiotic after initial treatment with an antibiotic in broiler diets had a positive effect on broiler growth performance, gut health (improved cecum microbial populations and ileum histomorphology), and nutrient digestibility.

Astaxanthin Supplementation Lowers Dietary Intake in Healthy Subjects

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
Chuenjai Sratongfaeng ◽  
Nithipun Suksumek ◽  
Nithikoon Aksorn ◽  
Pithi Chanvorachote ◽  
Kulwara Meksawan
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
Dietary Intakes

Astaxanthin, a potent antioxidant compound, is well recognized for its beneficial effects to protect from oxidative stress and free radicals. However, the effects of long period of use of astaxanthin on biological parameters, health indicators, and energy intake are still largely unknown. A total of 33 healthy participants aged 21–54 years with body mass index in the range of 18.50−24.90 kg/m2 were enrolled in this randomized controlled trial and were assigned into astaxanthin and placebo groups. The participants in the astaxanthin group received 4 mg of astaxanthin once daily for 12 consecutive weeks. Dietary intakes, as well as blood levels of astaxanthin and biological parameters, were investigated at baseline and week 12. The significant elevation of blood astaxanthin level in the astaxanthin group was notified at week 12. Regarding basic characteristics of blood biochemical parameters, results indicated that the fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were not significantly different between astaxanthin and placebo groups at week 12. Interestingly, the significant decrease in total energy and carbohydrate intakes of the participants in the astaxanthin group (P < 0.05) was found after 12-week supplementation, compared to the baseline. The findings support the safety of long-term supplementation and reveal potential dietary intake lowering effect of astaxanthin in healthy individuals.

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