Vortex assisted-supramolecular solvent based microextraction coupled with spectrophotometric determination of triclosan in environmental water samples

AbstractA simple, fast and environmental friendly vortex assisted-supramolecular solvent based microextraction (VA-SSME) method was developed for the preconcetration of triclosan in wastewater prior to UV spectrophotometric determination. To achieve maximum sensitivity and accuracy for the target analyte, the experimental parameters affecting the VA-SSME procedure were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). Under optimised conditions, the correlation coefficient (R2) and recoveries were 0.9994 and 100.31-118.5%, respectively. The intra-day (repeatability) and inter-day (reproducibility) precisions expressed in terms of relative standard deviation (RSD) were 2-4% and 5.2%, respectively. The preconcentration factor and limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were found to be 90, 0.28 μg L−1 and 0.92 μg L−1, respectively. The developed VA-SSME/UV method was applied for the determination of triclosan in real samples collected over a period of three months. The analytical results obtained showed that triclosan was frequently detected in influent wastewater samples but was not detected in effluent samples.

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H-point Standard Addition Method for the Simultaneous Spectrophotometric Determination of Captopril and Hydrochlorothiazide in Pharmaceutical Formulations

Jordan Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.47014/16.2.4 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 77-85

Keyword(s):

Spectrophotometric Determination ◽

Standard Addition ◽

Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽

Standard Addition Method ◽

Addition Method ◽

Real Samples ◽

Relative Standard ◽

Recovery Percentage ◽

Precision And Accuracy

Simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of captopril and hydro-chlorothiazide in pharmaceutical formulations by the H-point standard addition method (HPSAM) is described. Absorbance at 211.5 and 230.3 nm was monitored upon the addition of standard solutions of captopril. The results showed that in prepared mixtures, captopril and hydrochlorothiazide can be determined simultaneously at concentration ratios varying from 1.0:0.8 to 2.5:1.5 μg/mL, respectively. Percentage recovery was found to be 95.33–104.37% for captopril and 96.8–105% for hydrochlorothiazide, with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 2.46%. The method was successfully used to evaluate the antihypertensive captopril drug in a binary combination of hydrochlorothiazide in real samples with high precision and accuracy within the recovery percentage.

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Simultaneous Spectrophotometric Determination of Brilliant Blue and Tartrazine in Diverse Sample Matrices after Solid Phase Extraction

Journal of AOAC International ◽

10.1093/jaoacint/qsaa056 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 103 (6) ◽

pp. 1478-1485

Author(s):

Abdullah Taner Bişgin

Keyword(s):

Spectrophotometric Determination ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Brilliant Blue ◽

Liquid Samples ◽

Quantitative Extraction ◽

Relative Standard ◽

Separation And Preconcentration ◽

Preconcentration Factor ◽

Experienced Operator

Abstract Background Brilliant blue (BB) and tartrazine (TZ) are manufactured from petroleum and its products. These are the most popular consumed food dyes and are widely used in foodstuffs. Therefore, overuse of these dyes in foodstuffs and consumption of excessive amounts of these dyes can lead to health problems in humans. Objective The aim of this study was to develop a simple separation and preconcentration method for simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of BB and TZ dyes. Methods A column solid-phase separation extraction method combined with UV-Vis spectrophotometry was preferred and developed for single and simultaneous determination of BB and TZ dyes. Results The preconcentration factor was obtained as 80. Relative standard deviations were below than 4%. Detection limits of the method were determined as 0.29 and 1.21 µg/L for BB and TZ, respectively. Recovery values were obtained between 95–99% and 96–100% for BB and TZ, respectively. 10.9–235.7 µg/g and 1.7–8.0 µg/mL of BB contents of real samples were determined for solid and liquid samples, respectively. TZ concentrations of solid and liquid samples were ranged between 18.7–220.7 µg/g and 5.9–7.5 µg/mL, respectively. Conclusions Quantitative extraction results and satisfactory recovery values showed that method was successful and applicable for determination of BB and TZ concentrations in real pharmaceutical, industrial, and foodstuff samples. Highlights The method has exhibited a high preconcentration factor and effective separation against to matrix ions. The method did not need an experienced operator with high operation experience. Elution solvent can be chosen according to the availability of the chemicals in the laboratory and cheapness of the chemicals.

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Determination of Trace Silver in Water by FAAS after Concentration and Separation by the Modified Organobentonite Using Dithizone

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.3508 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 71-78 ◽

pp. 3508-3511

Author(s):

Dong Zhang ◽

Yan Li Zhang

Keyword(s):

Contact Time ◽

Ph Value ◽

Absorption Spectrometry ◽

Environmental Water ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Flame Atomic Absorption ◽

Experimental Parameters ◽

Preconcentration Factor ◽

Coexisting Ions

A new modified organo-bentonite using dithizone(D-O-bentonite) was used for preconcentration, separation and determination of silver(I) in natural water by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The experimental conditions for effective adsorption and elution of trace levels of silver (I) were optimized with respect to different experimental parameters. The influences of some common coexisting ions were also examined. The results show that the silver ion could be adsorbed on the D-O-bentonite. The adsorbed quantitively was affected by the pH value of medium and contact time. In the medium of pH 4-8, the contact time was 15 min, and capacity of the sorbent was 19.7 mg·g-1. The silver(I) adsorbed on the sorbent could be completely eluated by using 1 mol·L-1HNO3. The preconcentration factor is 100. The detection limit of the method for silver was 0.02 µg·L-1. The method was applied to the pre-concentration/separation of silver in the environmental water with satisfactory results.

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Application of Switchable Hydrophobicity Solvents for Extraction of Emerging Contaminants in Wastewater Samples

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25010086 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 86 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Guillermo Lasarte-Aragonés ◽

Alejandro Álvarez-Lueje ◽

Ricardo Salazar ◽

Carla Toledo-Neira

Keyword(s):

Emerging Contaminants ◽

Environmental Water ◽

Pharmaceutical Products ◽

Good Precision ◽

Extraction Solvent ◽

Target Analytes ◽

Relative Standard ◽

Inflammatory Drugs ◽

Wastewater Samples

In the present work, the effectiveness of switchable hydrophobicity solvents (SHSs) as extraction solvent (N,N-Dimethylcyclohexylamine (DMCA), N,N-Diethylethanamine (TEA), and N,N-Benzyldimethylamine (DMBA)) for a variety of emerging pollutants was evaluated. Different pharmaceutical products (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), hormones, and triclosan) were selected as target analytes, covering a range of hydrophobicity (LogP) of 3.1 to 5.2. The optimized procedure was used for the determination of the target pharmaceutical analytes in wastewater samples as model analytical problem. Absolute extraction recoveries were in the range of 51% to 103%. The presented method permits the determination of the target analytes at the low ng mL−1 level, ranging from 0.8 to 5.9 (except for Triclosan, 106 ng mL−1) with good precision (relative standard deviation lower than 6%) using high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) combined with ultraviolet (DAD) and fluorescence (FLR) detection. The microextraction alternative resulted in a fast, simple, and green method for a wide variety of analytes in environmental water sample. The results suggest that this type of solvent turns out to be a great alternative for the determination of different analytes in relatively complex water samples.

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Spectrophotometric determination of nitrite based on its catalytic effect on the reaction of nuclear fast red and potassium bromate

Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society ◽

10.2298/jsc0909985m ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 74 (8-9) ◽

pp. 985-992 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Zavvar Mousavi ◽

Hamid Shirkhanloo

Keyword(s):

Acidic Medium ◽

Catalytic Effect ◽

Calibration Graph ◽

Potassium Bromate ◽

Fast Red ◽

Relative Standard ◽

Experimental Parameters ◽

Nuclear Fast Red ◽

Wastewater Samples

A highly selective and sensitive catalytic spectrophotometric method was developed for the determination of nitrite in water samples. The method is based on its catalytic effect on the nuclear fast red-potassium bromate redox reaction in acidic medium. The reaction was followed spectrophotometrically by measuring the change in the absorbance at 518 nm of nuclear fast red 5 min after initiation of the reaction. In this study, the experimental parameters were optimized and the effects of other cations and anions on the determination of nitrite were examined. The calibration graph was linear in the range 2.0-45 ?g mL-1 of nitrite. The relative standard deviations for the determination of 15 and 30 ?g mL-1 of nitrite were 3.1 and 1.75 %, respectively (n = 8). The detection limit calculated from three times the standard deviation of the blank 3Sb was 0.7 ?g mL-1. The method was successfully applied to the determination of nitrite in spiked tap, natural and wastewater samples.

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Selective electromembrane extraction and sensitive colorimetric detection of copper(II)

Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie ◽

10.1515/zpch-2020-1761 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Wajid Ali Khan ◽

Muhammad Balal Arain ◽

Hashmat Bibi ◽

Mustafa Tuzen ◽

Nasrullah Shah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Applied Voltage ◽

Colorimetric Detection ◽

Environmental Water ◽

Selective Extraction ◽

Effective Parameters ◽

Relative Standard ◽

Electromembrane Extraction ◽

Optimized Conditions ◽

Donor Phase

AbstractIn this study, an extremely effective electromembrane extraction (EME) method was developed for the selective extraction of Cu(II) followed by Red-Green-Blue (RGB) detection. The effective parameters optimized for the extraction efficiency of EME include applied voltage, extraction time, supported liquid membrane (SLM) composition, pH of acceptor/donor phases, and stirring rate. Under optimized conditions, Cu(II) was extracted from a 3 mL aqueous donor phase to 8 µL of 100 mM HCl acceptor solution through 1-octanol SLM using an applied voltage of 50 V for 15 min. The proposed method provides a working range of 0.1–0.75 µg·mL−1 with 0.03 µg·mL−1 limit for detection. Finally, the developed technique was applied to different environmental water samples for monitoring environmental pollution. Obtained relative recoveries were within the range of 93–106%. The relative standard deviation (RSD) and enhancement factor (EF) were found to be ≤4.8% and 100 respectively. We hope that this method can be introduced for quantitative determination of Cu(II) as a fast, simple, portable, inexpensive, effective, and precise procedure.

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Determination of Chlorobenzenes in Wastewater by Single-Drop Microextraction Coupled to Capillary Gas Chromatography

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.838-841.2566 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 838-841 ◽

pp. 2566-2569

Author(s):

Jian Qi Sun ◽

Bo Qiao ◽

Jun Dai

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Capillary Gas Chromatography ◽

Preparation Technique ◽

Single Drop ◽

Flame Ionization ◽

Single Drop Microextraction ◽

Relative Standard ◽

Efficient Recovery ◽

Wastewater Samples

This study describes an analytical method employing capillary gas chromatography (GC) using flame ionization detection (FID) that has been developed for the simultaneous determination of chlorobenzenes (m-dichlorobenzene (m-DCB),p-dichlorobenzene (p-DCB),o-dichlorobenzene (o-DCB) and 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (1,2,4-TCB)) in wastewater. For this purpose, single-drop microextraction (SDME) was applied as a sample preparation technique. The SDME parameters such as types of extractants, volume of the microdroplet size, extraction time, stir rate and immersion depth of needle point were studyed and optimized. The method was linear in the ranges from 4.0×10-3to 40.0 μg·mL-1form-DCB,p-DCB ando-DCB, and 4.0×10-3to 30.0 μg·mL-1for 1,2,4-TCB withR2≥0.9955. The SDME procedure allowed efficient recovery of the investigated chlorobenzenes ranging between 80 % and 105 % with a relative standard deviation (RSD) ≤6.5 for actual wastewater sampes spiked with 2, 5 and 10 μg·mL-1of chlorobenzes, respectively. These results showed the potential of this technique for chlorobenzenes monitoring in wastewater samples. Furthermore, the investigated methods are simple, reliable, reproducible, and not expensive.

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A sensitive spectrophotometric determination of tadalafil in pharmaceutical preparations and industrial wastewater samples

Baghdad Science Journal ◽

10.21123/bsj.10.3.1005-1013 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 1005-1013 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Baghdad Science Journal

Keyword(s):

Standard Deviation ◽

Industrial Wastewater ◽

Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽

Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽

Molar Absorptivity ◽

Average Recovery ◽

Relative Standard ◽

Wastewater Samples ◽

Sensitive Spectrophotometric Method

A simple, accurate, precise, rapid, economical and a high sensitive spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of tadalafil in pharmaceutical preparations and industrial wastewater samples, which shows a maximum absorbance at 204 nm in 1:1 ethanol-water. Beer's law was obeyed in the range of 1-7?g/ mL ,with molar absorptivity and Sandell ? s sensitivity of 0.783x105l/mol.cm and 4.97 ng/cm2respectively, relative standard deviation of the method was less than 1.7%, and accuracy (average recovery %) was 100 ± 0. 13. The limits of detection and quantitation are 0.18 and 0.54 µg .ml-1, respectively. The method was successfully applied to the determination of tadalafil in some pharmaceutical formulations (tablets) and industrial wastewater samples. The proposed method was validated by sensitivity and precision which proves suitability for the routine analysis of tadalafil in true samples.

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Preconcentration and Determination of Lead by Solidification of Floated Organic Drop Coupled with Nanodrop Spectrophotometry

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.829.825 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 829 ◽

pp. 825-830 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ali Mazloomifar ◽

Nafiseh Khatibi

Keyword(s):

Sea Water ◽

Chelating Agent ◽

Limit Of Quantification ◽

Liquid Phase Microextraction ◽

Relative Standard ◽

Preconcentration Factor ◽

Uv Visible ◽

Optimized Conditions ◽

Sample Vial

The liquid-phase microextraction based on solidification of floating organic microdrop coupled with UV-visible spectrophotometer for preconcentration and determination of lead in the aqueous samples has been developed. In this technique, 20μL of 1-undecanol containing dithizone as the chelating agent (10-3mol L-1) was transferred to the water samples containing lead ions, and the solution was stirred for 25 min. The sample vial was cooled in an ice bath for 5 min. The solidified extract was transferred into a conical vial where it melted immediately, and then the organic phase was analyzed by Nanodrop spectrophotometer. Factors that influence the extraction and complex formation, such as pH, concentration of dithizone, extraction time, effect of ionic strenght, temperature and stirring rate were optimized. Under the optimized conditions, a preconcentration factor of 356, detection limit of 0.006 μgL-1, limit of quantification 0.018 μgL-1and a good relative standard deviation of 2.1% were obtained. The procedure was applied to sea water, mineral water and well water.

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