scholarly journals Shedding Light on the Convoluted Terrain of Differentiated Instruction (DI): Proposal of a DI Taxonomy for the Heterogeneous Classroom

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Pozas ◽  
Christoph Schneider

AbstractStudent heterogeneity is not limited to performance, but encompasses cultural background, language competence, learning styles, and motivation. Thus, heterogeneity inherently changes the demands placed on teachers and requires them to practice differentiated instruction (DI). However, existing DI frameworks tend to describe single exemplary DI practices and widely lack an empirical view. Thus, these frameworks may provide little help to classroom teachers when it comes to the question of how or by which instructional arrangements they can address student heterogeneity in their everyday classroom teaching. In an attempt to bridge the gap between educational theory and everyday instructional practice, this theoretical paper focusing on differentiation within secondary school education proposes a comprehensive taxonomy of the DI practices known in the literature and practice. Outlines for future research on DI are discussed.

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tzoni Chotov ◽  
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Donika Valcheva ◽  
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◽  
...  

The paper discusses the opportunities to improve the personalization of the education through the use of ICT. One approach to achieve this by providing appropriate learning materials, depending on the individual learning of each student is suggested. Two different theories for determining the individual learning styles are presented and the appropriate ICT educational technologies for each style are defined. Also an experiment with the 10th grade students at Georgi Karavelov Secondary School in Shivachevo, Sliven for defining their individual learning style was provided and the results are analyzed. In addition an investigation of the possibility to apply ICT educational technologies among the students from 9 to 12 grades in Information Technology at Georgi Karavelov Secondary School in Shivachevo is discussed.


Author(s):  
Bridget Martin ◽  
Tim Huijgen ◽  
Barbara Henkes ◽  
◽  

History education in many parts of the world is increasingly integrating the practices and sources of oral history. This rapprochement between the field of history education and the field of oral history presents an opportunity to allow students to engage with and develop the particular ways of thinking used by oral history practitioners and theorists. This study investigates how ‘oral historical thinking’ might be captured in a framework designed for educators, much like the various existing models of historical thinking, to support secondary students to analyse and interpret audiovisual interview sources in a way that emulates experts in the field. The study presents a prototypical ‘oral historical thinking framework’ and explores its possible applications to classroom teaching.


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 205
Author(s):  
Lau Sai Ping ◽  
Ilda Salwani Binti Ameer Hamza ◽  
Ruzihan Binti Abdullah ◽  
Murni Binti Mohamad Yasin ◽  
Suzalin Binti Zaini Sooria ◽  
...  

This study is to examine the effectiveness of lesson study on differentiated instruction among Mathematics headpanels in district of Port Dickson, Malaysia. Teachers who received substantial professional development canboost their students’ achievement. The effectiveness of professional development practice is being measuredby the heads of panel understanding about differentiated instruction and the application of differentiatedinstruction in the classroom. Teachers often struggle to deliver mathematics lesson effectively in classroom dueto different learning styles and students’ mixed abilities in the classroom. Some students learn at a slower paceand some in advance stage. The activities provided by teachers may work best for some students but will notwork for others. During lesson, teachers often assign tasks, which many students end up with disappointmentand confusion. Students become passive learners and teacher felt frustrated. Therefore, differentiatedinstructions make sense because it offers different paths to understand content, process and product. The aimof the present study was to obtain information from the school teachers in the implementation and planning ofdifferentiated instruction in teaching and learning. Moreover, the research team were interested in knowing thestrategy of differentiated instruction used in teaching and learning that support quality teaching. This studyinvolved 33 mathematics head panels from national primary schools in district of Port Dickson who volunteeredto participate in this study. In this programme, heads of panel will be able to share their experiences inconducting and implementing differentiated instructions in classroom among peers in the district. Structuredquestionnaires and interviews were used in this qualitative study to collect data. Results indicated that thelesson study carried out by the Port Dickson District Education Office is effective. Furthermore, the lessonstudy that were carried out by heads of panel in theirs school managed to boost self confidence among theseheads of panel. In fact, they showed willingness to share best practices to all mathematics teachers in the district205


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Раиса Николаевна Афонина ◽  
Людмила Константиновна Синцова

В статье рассматривается проблема согласования гуманитарного стиля мышления и естественнонаучного знания. Практика показывает, что у студентов, выбравших для обучения гуманитарные специальности, преобладает гуманитарное мышление. Оно сформировано условиями профильного обучения в средней школе и продолжает развиваться на этапе получения высшего образования. Гуманитарный тип мышления характеризуется диалогичностью, вариативностью, креативностью, самостоятельностью в освоении новых знаний, способностью к интеллектуальным изобретениям и экспериментам с неизвестными и неочевидными результатами, к рефлексивности и критичности результатов деятельности. Важнейшими условиями повышения эффективности в освоении содержания естественнонаучных дисциплин студентами-гуманитариями являются учет возможностей и познавательных интересов студентов, использование резервов учебной информации, интерактивных методов обучения.The article deals with the problem of harmonizing the humanitarian style of thinking and natural science knowledge. Practice shows that students who choose humanities to study in humanities have humanitarian thinking that prevails. It is shaped by the profile of secondary school education and continues to evolve at the stage of higher education. The humanitarian type of thinking is characterized by dialogue, variability, creativity, autonomy in the development of new knowledge, the ability to intellectual inventions and experiments with unknown and non-obvious results, to reflexivity and criticality of the results of activities. The most important conditions for increasing the effectiveness in mastering the content of natural science disciplines by students of the humanities are taking into account the capabilities and cognitive interests of students, the use of reserves of educational information, interactive teaching methods.


Author(s):  
ISSRAQ BIN RAMLI ◽  
MOHD ZAKI ABD. RAHMAN

Terdapat banyak modul sebutan berada di pasaran yang memperkenalkan teknik pembelajaran dan pengajaran sebutan al-Quran al-Karim dan bahasa Arab. Ada yang menggunakan kaedah klasik, moden dan ada juga yang menggunakan kedua-dua kaedah secara komprehensif. Namun, amat sedikit kita lihat kaedah yang dapat memperbaiki sebutan dan menumpukan secara khusus teknik kepada pelajar bukan Arab. Sering kali diperkatakan tentang masalah sebutan pelajar Sabah tanpa membuat kajian secara terperinci dan ilmiah. Justeru, kajian ini dibuat untuk melihat masalah sebenar sebutan bunyi bahasa Arab pelajar Sabah dan seterusnya mengaplikasikan teori Mahjub (1993) untuk memperbaiki masalah sebutan bahasa Arab. Kajian ini dilakukan di sebuah sekolah menengah kebangsaan di Kota Kinabalu yang responden kajiannya ialah pelajar sekolah tingkatan empat. Objektif kajian adalah untuk mengenal pasti secara ilmiah permasalahan sebutan dalam kalangan pelajar Sabah dan mengaplikasi kaedah fonetik Mahjub, seterusnya melihat keberkesanan modul Mahjub sebagai instrumen terbaik memperbaiki sebutan pelajar Sabah. Kajian kualitatif ini menggunakan huruf-huruf konsonan yang sukar bagi pelajar asing yang dibuat oleh Mahjub (1993) yang menggunakan modul yang digunakan untuk memperbaiki sebutan Arab pelajar asing. Terdapat tiga langkah utama dalam kajian ini, iaitu rakaman ujian pertama (U1) sebagai sebutan bahasa Arab terkini pelajar Sabah, kemudian langkah kedua melaksanakan PdP berdasarkan PdP Mahjub dan langkah yang ketiga membuat rakaman ujian kedua (U2) untuk melihat keberhasilan teori Mahjub dalam memperbaiki sebutan pelajar Sabah. Hasil Kajian menunjukkan nilai yang sangat signifikan antara U1 dan U2. Daripada sembilan huruf yang diuji itu, konsonan ‘Ayn [ع] paling baik disebut oleh pelajar dan huruf Dad [ض] paling sukar disebut dalam U1. Dalam U2, huruf Ta’ [ط] paling sukar disebut dan huruf Sad [ص] paling mudah disebut. Dalam U1 Fathaṯ paling tinggi skor dengan 68.2 berbanding Sukun yang mempunyai skor paling rendah dengan 33.3. Secara puratanya, dalam U1 pelajar atau responden hanya mendapat purata sekitar 55 skor min bagi Dammaṯ dan Kasraṯ. Namun, pada U2 peningkatan masing-masing Dammaṯ dan Kasraṯ. mendapat skor yang hampir sama, iaitu 77.9 dan 76.9. Data menunjukkan bahawa Sukun paling bermasalah kepada responden dalam sebutan. Begitu juga terdapat perubahan yang signifikan dalam ujian kedudukan Fathaṯ, Dammaṯ dan Kasraṯ dari U1 kepada U2. Kajian menunjukkan bahawa teori Mahjub ini berhasil memperbaiki masalah sebutan dalam kalangan pelajar Sabah dan memberikan satu alternatif untuk diaplikasi dalam PdP pelajar dan membuka ruang kepada penulis lain untuk memanjangkan kajian pada masa akan datang. There are many modules/methods available in the market to introduce the techniques of learning and teaching the Holy Quran and the Arabic language. There are classical and modern methods in teaching the Holy Quran, and some might combine both classical and modern to help students to learn the Holy Quran. But there are only few methods which can really help to improve the pronunciation of Arabic especially among the non-Arab students who learn Arabic as a second language. This pronunciation problem is often discussed by the Arabic teachers but there are lack of proper studies to overcome this problem. Therefore, this study aims to identify specifically the pronunciation problem and to measure if the Maḥjub Theory can be applied to help in overcoming it. This study was conducted in a secondary school in Kota Kinabalu. The respondents were all Form 4 students. This qualitative study used the Maḥjub Module (1993) to rectify consonant letters that are difficult to pronounce by the Sabahan students. This study has undergone three phrases. The first phrase is U1 where the pre-test is carried out to evaluate the current capability of the respondents. The second phrase applied the Maḥjub Method in the PdP. The third phrase is U2 where the post-test was carried out after the Maḥjub Method was applied to the respondents. This study showed significant value between U1 and U2. Nine consonant letters were tested in this study. In U1, ‘Ayn [ع]was the easiest to pronounce and Dad [ض] was the most difficult to pronounce by the respondents. In U2, Ta’ [ط] was the hardest to pronounce and Sad [ص] was the easiet. In U1, Fathaṯ was the highest with 68.2 score as compared to Sukun with 33.3 score. Overall, respondents scored a mean of 55 for Dammaṯ and Kasraṯ in U1. However, in U2, Dammaṯ and Kasraṯ showed very close score as of 77.9 and 76.9. The data also showed that Sukun is the hardest part for the respondents.This study had proved that the Maḥjub Method is enabled to enhance and improve the difficulty in pronunciation among the students in Sabah. Therefore, the Mahjub Method gives educators an alternative approach to apply in their teaching and also other researchers for ideas to carry out future research in this field.


2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Ozgul Balci

The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between the language learning strategies of freshman students and their learning styles. This study is a descriptive research and employs a relational screening model. Participants of the study were 328 freshman students majoring in different fields at Necmettin Erbakan University Ahmet Keleşoğlu Faculty of Education in Turkey. Data were collected via Turkish version of “Strategy Inventory of Language Learning (SILL)”, originally developed by Oxford (1990) and adapted into Turkish by Cesur and Fer (2007) and “Big 16 Learning Modality Inventory” by Şimşek (2002). Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and the Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The research results revealed that learning styles have a significant effect on language learning strategy use. The results and implications of the study are discussed and suggestions for future research are offered.


2018 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 254-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHARLOTTE CAVAILLE ◽  
JOHN MARSHALL

Low levels of education are a powerful predictor of anti-immigration sentiment. However, there is little consensus on the interpretation of this correlation: is it causal or is it an artifact of selection bias? We address this question by exploiting six major compulsory schooling reforms in five Western European countries—Denmark, France, Great Britain, the Netherlands, and Sweden—that have recently experienced politically influential anti-immigration movements. On average, we find that compelling students to remain in secondary school for at least an additional year decreases anti-immigration attitudes later in life. Instrumental variable estimates demonstrate that, among such compliers, an additional year of secondary schooling substantially reduces the probability of opposing immigration, believing that immigration erodes a country’s quality of life, and feeling close to far-right anti-immigration parties. These results suggest that rising post-war educational attainment has mitigated the rise of anti-immigration movements. We discuss the mechanisms and implications for future research examining anti-immigration sentiment.


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