scholarly journals Basic Roles of Sex Steroid Hormones in Wound Repair with Focus on Estrogens (A Review)

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Z. Čriepoková ◽  
L’. Lenhardt ◽  
P. Gál
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Wound Repair ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Tissue Repair And Regeneration

Abstract Previously, it has been shown that sex hormones, in particular estrogens, play an important role in the regulation of biological processes involved in tissue repair and regeneration. Accordingly, several studies have supported the beneficial properties of hormone replacement therapies (HRT) in postmenopausal models. The present review paper explores the potential for targeted sex steroid HRT as a new therapeutic option for the surgical management of wounds in postmenopausal women and animals.

scholarly journals Dietary Fat Intake and Endogenous Sex Steroid Hormone Levels in Postmenopausal Women

2000 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 3668-3676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle D. Holmes ◽  
Donna Spiegelman ◽  
Walter C. Willett ◽  
JoAnn E. Manson ◽  
David J. Hunter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Sex Steroid Hormones ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Fat Intake ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Dietary Fat Intake

PURPOSE: To examine the relationship between plasma levels of reproductive sex steroid hormones in postmenopausal women and their reported fat intake.METHODS: We measured plasma sex steroid hormones levels in plasma collected in 1989 and 1990 from 381 healthy postmenopausal women. For each woman, we measured fat intake in 1986 and 1990 by a food-frequency questionnaire. The cross-sectional associations between the percentage of energy from total and specific types of dietary fat intake and plasma hormone levels were assessed by linear regression, controlling for energy intake, obesity, and protein intake.RESULTS: The plasma estradiol level was 4.3% lower (95% confidence limits, −8.3%, −0.2%) for a substitution of 5% of energy from fat intake for an equivalent amount of energy from carbohydrate when adjusted for obesity and other covariates. Estradiol was also inversely associated with all other fat types except trans fat; the inverse associations with vegetable fat and marine omega-3 fats were statistically significant.CONCLUSION: We observed an inverse association between total fat intake averaged over 4 to 5 years and estradiol levels. This result is inconsistent with the hypothesis that fat intake predisposes to breast cancer risk by raising endogenous estrogen levels.

Sex steroid hormones enhance immune function in male and female Siberian hamsters

2001 ◽  
Vol 280 (1) ◽  
pp. R207-R213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Staci D. Bilbo ◽  
Randy J. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Immune Function ◽  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Lymphocyte Proliferation ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Sex Steroid Hormones ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Estradiol Treatment ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Siberian Hamsters

Immune function is better in females than in males of many vertebrate species, and this dimorphism has been attributed to the presence of immunosuppressive androgens in males. We investigated the influence of sex steroid hormones on immune function in male and female Siberian hamsters. Previous studies indicated that immune function was impaired in male and female hamsters housed under short-day photoperiods when androgen and estrogen concentrations were virtually undetectable. In experiment 1, animals were gonadally intact, gonadectomized (gx), or gx with hormone replacement. Females exhibited the expected increase in antibody production over males, independent of hormone treatment condition, whereas male and female gx animals exhibited decreased lymphocyte proliferation to the T cell mitogen, phytohemagglutinin (PHA) compared with intact animals, and this effect was reversed in gx hamsters following testosterone and estradiol treatment, respectively. In experiment 2, testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, and estradiol all enhanced cell-mediated immunity in vitro, suggesting that sex steroid hormones may be enhancing immune function through direct actions on immune cells. In experiment 3, an acute mitogen challenge of lipopolysaccharide significantly suppressed lymphocyte proliferation to PHA in intact males but not females, suggesting that males may be less reactive to a subsequent mitogenic challenge than females. Contrary to evidence in many species such as rats, mice, and humans, these data suggest that sex steroid hormones enhance immunity in both male and female Siberian hamsters.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Biological Properties of Mesenchymal Cells Used for Therapy in Retinitis Pigmentosa

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 983
Author(s):  
Paolo Giuseppe Limoli ◽  
Enzo Maria Vingolo ◽  
Celeste Limoli ◽  
Marcella Nebbioso
Keyword(s):  
Retinitis Pigmentosa ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Retinal Dystrophy ◽  
Retinal Disease ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Mesenchymal Cells ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Tissue Repair And Regeneration ◽  
Inherited Retinal Dystrophy

Both tissue repair and regeneration are a priority in regenerative medicine. Retinitis pigmentosa (RP), a complex retinal disease characterized by the progressive loss of impaired photoreceptors, is currently lacking effective therapies: this represents one of the greatest challenges in the field of ophthalmological research. Although this inherited retinal dystrophy is still an incurable genetic disease, the oxidative damage is an important pathogenetic element that may represent a viable target of therapy. In this review, we summarize the current neuroscientific evidence regarding the effectiveness of cell therapies in RP, especially those based on mesenchymal cells, and we focus on their therapeutic action: limitation of both oxidative stress and apoptotic processes triggered by the disease and promotion of cell survival. Cell therapy could therefore represent a feasible therapeutic option in RP.

scholarly journals Relations between Endogenous Androgens and Estrogens in Postmenopausal Women with Suspected Ischemic Heart Disease

2008 ◽  
Vol 93 (11) ◽  
pp. 4268-4275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn D. Braunstein ◽  
B. Delia Johnson ◽  
Frank Z. Stanczyk ◽  
Vera Bittner ◽  
Sarah L. Berga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Myocardial Ischemia ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Artery Disease

Context: Because androgens are obligatory precursors of estrogens, it is reasonable to assume that their serum concentrations would exhibit positive correlations. If so, then epidemiologic studies that examine the association between androgens and pathological processes should adjust the results for the independent effect of estrogens. Objective: The objective of the study was to examine the interrelationships among testosterone (T), androstenedione, estradiol (E2), estrone, and SHBG in postmenopausal women. Design: This was a cross-sectional study of women participating in the National Heart, Blood, and Lung Institute-sponsored Women’s Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation study. Setting: The study was conducted at four academic medical centers. Patients: A total of 284 postmenopausal women with chest pain symptoms or suspected myocardial ischemia. Main Outcome Measures: Post hoc analysis of the relationships among sex steroid hormones with insulin resistance, body mass index (BMI), and presence or absence of coronary artery disease as determined by coronary angiography. Results: BMI was significantly associated with insulin resistance, total E2, free E2, bioavailable E2, and free T. Highly significant correlations were found for total T, free T, and androstenedione with total E2, free E2, bioavailable E2, and estrone and persisted after adjustment for BMI and insulin resistance. A significant relationship was present between total and free T and the presence of coronary artery disease after adjustment for the effect of E2. Conclusions: Serum levels of androgens and estrogens track closely in postmenopausal women referred for coronary angiography for suspected myocardial ischemia. Epidemiological studies that relate sex steroid hormones to physiological or pathological processes need to control for the independent effect of both estrogens and androgens.

scholarly journals Interrelationship Between Alcohol Intake and Endogenous Sex-Steroid Hormones on Diabetes Risk in Postmenopausal Women

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachelle D. Rohwer ◽  
Simin Liu ◽  
Nai-Chieh You ◽  
Julie E. Buring ◽  
JoAnn E. Manson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Sex Steroid Hormones ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Sex Steroid

scholarly journals Sex Steroid Hormones in Serum and Tissue of Benign and Malignant Breast Tumor Patients

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 151-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Essam A. Mady ◽  
Ezz El-Din H. Ramadan ◽  
Alaa A. Ossman
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Breast Tumor ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Breast Tumors ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Malignant Breast Tumor ◽  
Malignant Breast ◽  
Benign Breast Tumors

The ability of breast tumors to synthesize sex steroid hormones is well recognized and their local production is thought to play a role in breast cancer development and growth. The aim of this study was to estimate local intra-tumoral and circulating levels of Estrone (E1), Estrone Sulfate (E1S), Estradiol (E2), Estriol (E3), and Testosterone (T) in 33 pre- and postmenopausal women with primary breast cancer in comparison to 12 pre- and postmenopausal women with benign breast tumors. The mean levels of the studied sex hormones were higher in serum and tumor tissue of breast cancer women than those with benign breast tumors apart from Testosterone which showed a significant decrease in pre- and postmenopausal women with breast cancer (P< 0.001 for follicular phase,P< 0.001 for luteal phase, andP< 0.001 for postmenopausal). The levels of the five hormones were significantly higher intra-tumoral than in serum of both benign and malignant breast tumor women with E1S as the predominant estrogen. There was only a positive significant correlation between serum and tumor tissue levels of E1(rs= 0.52,P< 0.05 for follicular;rs= 0.63,P< 0.05 for luteal andrs= 0.58,P< 0.05 for postmenopausal) and a significant correlation between serum and tumor tissue of T (rs= 0.64,P< 0.05 for follicular;rs= -0.51,P< 0.05 for luteal andrs= -0.81,P< 0.04 for postmenopausal).

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