scholarly journals Effect of transgenic insect-resistant maize to the community structure of soil nematodes in two field trials

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
A. Čerevková ◽  
L Cagáň
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Food Web ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Soil Nematode ◽  
Soil Nematodes ◽  
Soil Food Web ◽  
Bt Maize ◽  
Maize Hybrid ◽  
Nematode Communities ◽  
Soil Nematode Communities

Summary The aim of this study was to determine the effects of Bt maize hybrid cultivation on soil nematode communities in two field trials, as well as to analyse other factors (fertilisation and moisture) responsible for the community structure of soil nematodes. Nematode communities were studied in maize plots at the locality of Borovce in western Slovakia. During 2012 and 2013, hybrids DK440 and DKC3871 (conventional) or DKC4442YG and DKC3872YG (Bt maize, event MON810) were sown in 10 repetitions each. Nematodes were extracted from soil samples collected at the maize flowering (July 11, 2012 and July 30, 2013). Altogether, 39 nematode species belonged to 35 genera were identified in two maize variants. The dominant taxa in both variants were Acrobeloides nanus, Ce-phalobus persegnis, Aphelenchoides composticola, Aphelenchus avenae, Eudorylaimus carteri and Filenchus vulgaris. Calculation of the maturity index, plant parasitic index, enrichment index and structure index did not confirm any clear influence of year or hybrid type on soil nematode communities. The proportional representation of cp-1, cp-2 and cp-3-5 groups of nematode fauna indicated conditions of low stability and high stress. Faunal profiles representing the structure and enrichment conditions of the soil food web showed an environment with a high C:N ratio and high levels of fungal feeders. Based on the calculation of the metabolic footprint of nematodes in the soil food web, a difference between the isoline maize variant and Bt maize variant in 2012 was found, but this difference was not readily apparent in 2013. The occurrence of nematodes, their abundance, proportion of feeding types and selected ecological indices did not depend on the type of maize hybrid (Bt or non-Bt). Thus, the cultivation of genetically modified maize did not directly influence nematode populations. The application of fertiliser at certain periods does not influence the nematode community. The observed significant higher abundance of nematodes was correlated with soil moisture.

scholarly journals Distribution of nematodes in wetland soils with difference distance from the Bohai sea 359–366

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 359-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.Y. Wu ◽  
X.X. Li ◽  
L.B. Shi ◽  
Z.H. Wang ◽  
F.Y. Ma
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Bohai Sea ◽  
Coastal Wetland ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Nematode Community ◽  
Soil Nematode ◽  
Soil Nematodes ◽  
Nematode Communities ◽  
Plant Parasitism ◽  
Soil Nematode Communities

In order to elucidate the distribution of soil nematodes in coastal wetlands and the effect of different distance from the sea line on soil nematode communities, we investigated the community structure of soil nematodes in one wetland perpendicularly oriented from Bohai sea coastline. In June 2006, soil samples were collected from the Yellow River Delta wetlands, in Dongying city of Shandong Province, China. Soil nematode communities were analyzed at the depths of 0–10 and 10–20 cm. The results showed that plant parasite nematodes were the most abundant trophic groups in both depths and at four sites. The average relative abundance was 91.33% of the nematode community. Several ecological indices which reflected soil nematode community structure, diversity, maturity and plant parasitism were compared in these four sites. The results indicated that the maturity index (MI) and plant parasitism index (PPI) were more sensitive than the other indices for assessing the response of soil nematode communities to soil of coastal wetland.

scholarly journals Seasonal Stabilities of Soil Nematode Communities and Their Relationships with Environmental Factors in Different Temperate Forest Types on the Chinese Loess Plateau

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 246
Author(s):  
Na Huo ◽  
Shiwei Zhao ◽  
Jinghua Huang ◽  
Dezhou Geng ◽  
Nan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Web ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Soil Nematode ◽  
Soil Food Web ◽  
Food Web Structure ◽  
Nematode Communities ◽  
Web Structure ◽  
Soil Nematode Community ◽  
Nematode Abundance ◽  
Soil Nematode Communities

The bottom-up effects of vegetation have been documented to be strong drivers of the soil food web structure and functioning in temperate forests. However, how the forest type affects the stability of the soil food web is not well known. In the Ziwuling forest region of the Loess Plateau, we selected three typical forests, Pinus tabuliformis Carrière (PT), Betula platyphylla Sukaczev (BP), and Quercus liaotungensis Koidz. (QL), to investigate the soil nematode community characteristics in the dry (April) and rainy (August) season, and analyzed their relationships with the soil properties. The results showed that the characteristics of the soil nematode communities and their seasonal variations differed markedly among the forest types. Compared to P. tabuliformis (PT), the B. platyphylla (BP) and Q. liaotungensis (QL) forests had higher plant diversity and more easily decomposed litters, which were more effective for improving the soil resource availability, thus, leading to more beneficial effects on the soil nematode community. In both the dry and rainy season, the soil nematode abundance was the highest in the BP forest. The Shannon–Wiener diversity index (H’), Pielou’s evenness index (J’), and nematode channel ratio index (NCR) were higher, while the Simpson dominance index (λ) and plant parasite index (PPI) were lower, in the BP and QL forests compared with in the PT forest. From the dry to rainy season, the total nematode abundance and the abundance of fungivores, bacterivores, and omnivore-predators, significantly increased in the QL and PT forests, and the values of the Wasilewska index (WI), maturity index (MI), H’, J’, λ, and NCR showed the most significant seasonal variability in the PT forest, which were mainly driven by changes in the soil labile C and N and the moisture content between the two seasons. Generally, the seasonal stability of the soil nematode communities was the highest in the BP forest and the poorest in the PT forest, probably due to variations in the plant diversity. Our results suggest the importance of tree species and diversity as bottom-up regulating factors of the soil food web structure, function, and seasonal stability, which has important implications for sustainable forest management in the Loess Plateau and other temperate regions.

scholarly journals Effects of straw mulching practices on soil nematode communities under walnut plantation

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dagang Song ◽  
Akash Tariq ◽  
Kaiwen Pan ◽  
Wenkai Chen ◽  
Aiping Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Web ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Nematode ◽  
Soil Nematodes ◽  
Soil Food Web ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Straw Mulching ◽  
Straw Mulch ◽  
Soil Enrichment ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design

Abstract Agricultural management techniques such as mulching with crop straw can impact soil properties and may in turn change the structure and function of the soil food web. We investigated different straw mulching types and straw mulching coverage levels on soil nematodes community structure in walnut orchards. We set up a randomized experimental design with three straw mulch types, and three straw mulch distance treatments in a walnut plantation. The results indicated that the number of soil nematodes after straw mulching was lower than that found in the control (CK). However, the metabolic and structure footprints of the omnivore-predator nematodes showed higher values as compared to CK. The abundances of plant parasite and omnivore-predator nematodes were negatively correlated with ammonium nitrogen (NH4+–N) and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), whereas soil moisture content (SM) had a negative correlation with the abundance of total nematodes. High structure index (SI), maturity index (MI) and low enrichment index (EI) values revealed a structured soil food web, medium soil enrichment, and fungal decomposition channel under the mix straw mulching treatments. Soil nematodes should be used as an indicator of soil functional changes resulting from straw mulching.

scholarly journals Response of Soil Nematode Community Structure and Function to Monocultures of Pumpkin and Melon

Life ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Dan Zhao ◽  
Yao Wang ◽  
Ling Wen ◽  
Hongyun Qu ◽  
Zuobiao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Food Web ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Nematode Community ◽  
Soil Nematode ◽  
Soil Food Web ◽  
Total N ◽  
Soil Nematode Community ◽  
Plant Parasites

It is well known that crop monoculture can induce negative effects on soil ecosystems and crop productivity. However, little is known about how vegetable monoculture affects the soil nematode community structure and its relationship with vegetable yields. In this study, the composition, abundance, metabolic footprint, and ecological indices of soil nematodes are investigated in monocultures of pumpkin and melon. The relationships between nematode community structure and yields of pumpkin and melon were analyzed by linear regression. Both monoculture soils of pumpkin and melon suppressed the relative abundance of bacterivores but increased the relative abundance of plant parasites. Pumpkin monoculture soils decreased soil nematode diversity but increased the maturity index of plant parasites. Monoculture soils of pumpkin and melon decreased the metabolic footprint of lower- and higher-level trophic groups of the soil food web, respectively. Pumpkin and melon monoculture soils increased the food web indices channel index (CI) but decreased the enrichment index (EI) and the structure index (SI). The monoculture soils of pumpkin and melon led to a more fungal-dominated decomposition pathway and degraded soil food web conditions. The abundance of bacterivores and food web indices EI and SI were positively correlated with soil nutrients and pH, while the abundance of plant parasites and CI were negatively correlated with soil nutrients and pH. Paratylenchus was negatively correlated with pumpkin and melon yields and could be the potential plant parasites threatening pumpkin and melon productions. Redundancy analysis showed that monocultures of pumpkin and melon altered the soil nematode community via soil properties; total N, total P, alkeline-N, and pH were the main driving factors.

The responses of soil nematode communities to Bt maize cultivation at four field sites across Europe

2018 ◽  
Vol 119 ◽  
pp. 194-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Čerevková ◽  
Dana Miklisová ◽  
Márton Szoboszlay ◽  
Christoph C. Tebbe ◽  
Ľudovít Cagáň
Keyword(s):  
Soil Nematode ◽  
Bt Maize ◽  
Nematode Communities ◽  
Maize Cultivation ◽  
Soil Nematode Communities

Carbofuran effects in soil nematode communities: Using trait and taxonomic based approaches

2011 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 2002-2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sónia Chelinho ◽  
Klaus Dieter Sautter ◽  
Anabela Cachada ◽  
Isabel Abrantes ◽  
George Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Nematode ◽  
Nematode Communities ◽  
Soil Nematode Communities

scholarly journals Soil nematode communities associated with hazelnut orchards in Turkey

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 112-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akyazi Faruk ◽  
Yildiz Senol ◽  
Firat Felek Anil
Keyword(s):  
Soil Nematode ◽  
Nematode Communities ◽  
Soil Nematode Communities

scholarly journals Application of PCR-DGGE method for identification of nematode communities in pepper growing soil

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Duong Duc Hieu
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Viet Nam ◽  
Soil Nematode ◽  
Nematode Communities ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Tree ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
Soil Nematode Communities

Soil nematodes play an important role in indication for assessing soil environments and ecosystems. Previous studies of nematode community analyses based on molecular identification have shown to be useful for assessing soil environments. Here we applied PCR-DGGE method for molecular analysisoffive soil nematode communities (designed as S1 to S5) collected from four provinces in Southeastern Vietnam (Binh Duong, Ba Ria Vung Tau, Binh Phuoc and Dong Nai) based on SSU gene. By sequencing DNA bands derived from S5 community sample, our data show 15 species containing soil nematode, other nematode and non-nematode (fungi) species. Genus Meloidogyne was found as abundant one. The genetic relationship of soil nematode species in S5 community were determined by Maximum Likelihood tree re-construction based on SSU gene. This molecular approach is applied for the first time in Vietnam for identification of soil nematode communities. Tuyến trùng đất đóng vai trò chỉ thị quan trọng trong công tác đánh giá môi trường và hệ sinh thái đất. Các nghiên cứu trước đây đã cho thấy lợi ích của việc phân tích cộng đồng tuyến trùng đất bằng định danh sinh học phân tử đối với việc đánh giá môi trường đất. Ở đây, chúng tôi ứng dụng phương pháp PCR-DGGE dựa trên gene SSU để phân tích năm (ký hiệu từ S1 đến S5) cộng đồng tuyến trùng đất thuộc các vùng trồng chuyên canh cây hồ tiêu ở miền nam Việt Nam (Bình Dương, Bà Rịa Vũng Tàu, Bình Phước và Đồng Nai). Bằng cách giải trình tự các vạch của mẫu tuyến trùng S5, kết quả cho thấy cộng đồng tuyến trùng này có 15 loài gồm nhóm tuyến trùng đất, nhóm các loại tuyến trùng khác và nhóm không phải tuyến trùng (nấm) và trong đó Meloidogyne là giống ưu thế. Mối quan hệ di truyền của các các loài tuyến trùng đất thuộc cộng đồng S5 được xác định bằng việc thiết lập cây phát sinh loài Maximum Likelihood dựa trên gene SSU. Đây là nghiên cứu đầu tiên ở Việt Nam sử dụng kỹ thuật PCR-DGGE để phân tích các cộng đồng tuyến trùng đất trồng hồ tiêu.

scholarly journals Neotyphodium impacts on soil nematode communities: rhizosphere- and litter-mediated interactions

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 107-110
Author(s):  
M. Omacini ◽  
E.J. Chaneton ◽  
C.M. Ghersa
Keyword(s):  
Plant Traits ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Patch Dynamics ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Soil Nematode ◽  
Patch Occupancy ◽  
Nematode Communities ◽  
Endophyte Infection ◽  
Soil Nematode Communities

There is a growing recognition that endophyte effects on host plant traits may be propagated through food chains. We studied Neotyphodium occultans effects on soil nematode communities mediated by current and past patch occupancy by endophyteinfected Lolium multiflorum populations. A microcosm experiment was performed to evaluate whether abundance and diversity of nematodes at different trophic levels were affected by endophyte infection through rhizosphere-mediated or littermediated effects. We found that presence of endophyte-infected plants and their aerial litter both triggered a bottom-up trophic cascade enhancing the abundance of herbivorous and predaceous nematode taxa. Endophyte infection also increased overall nematode richness, mostly through changes induced at the highest trophic level in this soil food web. Our results suggest that fungal endophytes can modify the linkages between aboveand belowground community compartments, with potential consequences on plant patch dynamics. Keywords: soil food webs, Lolium multiflorum, Neotyphodium occultans, plant-soil feedback, after-life effects, indirect interactions, trophic cascades

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