Rapid functionalisation of cellulose-based materials using a mixture containing laccase activated lauryl gallate and sulfonated lignin

Holzforschung ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 631-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oriol Cusola ◽  
Cristina Valls ◽  
Teresa Vidal ◽  
M. Blanca Roncero
Keyword(s):  
Solution Method ◽  
Water Drop ◽  
Kraft Lignin ◽  
Roll To Roll ◽  
Innovative Method ◽  
Scattering Measurements ◽  
One Step ◽  
Water Drop Test ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Lauryl Gallate

Abstract An innovative method has been developed for the surface hydrophobisation of cellulose-based materials by coating it with a functionalised solution (FS), in which sonicated lauryl gallate (LG, dodecyl 3,4,5,-trihydroxybenzoate), sulfonated kraft lignin, and the enzyme laccase play a pivotal role. The rapid treatment with FS increases the hydrophobicity of cellulose sheets considerably. The FS retention on the paper surface was analysed as a function of refining and application of additives. The properties of the functionalised sheets were assessed by the water-drop test (WDT), and the surface free energy (SFE) was determined via contact angle (CA) measurements in a goniophotometer. WDT resulted in long absorption times of up to 4000 s and CA values were around 130°. Functionalised solution modification of eucalyptus paper sheets decreased SFE essentially from 55 mJ m-2 to 10 mJ m-2. ATR-FTIR suggested that FS was grafted onto the cellulosic sheets. The stability of FS and the control solutions were characterised by Z potential and light scattering measurements. The functionalised solution method is a one-step roll-to-roll process, which is easy to perform also in industrial application without additional investments. It has a potential to substitute the traditional hydrophobing processes.

Effects of finite-rate chemistry and detailed transport on the instability of jet diffusion flames

2014 ◽  
Vol 745 ◽  
pp. 647-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yee Chee See ◽  
Matthias Ihme
Keyword(s):  
Transport Properties ◽  
Diffusion Flames ◽  
Diffusive Transport ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Stability Behaviour ◽  
Jet Diffusion Flames ◽  
One Step ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Modelling Assumptions ◽  
The Stability

AbstractLocal linear stability analysis has been shown to provide valuable information about the response of jet diffusion flames to flow-field perturbations. However, this analysis commonly relies on several modelling assumptions about the mean flow prescription, the thermo-viscous-diffusive transport properties, and the complexity and representation of the chemical reaction mechanisms. In this work, the effects of these modelling assumptions on the stability behaviour of a jet diffusion flame are systematically investigated. A flamelet formulation is combined with linear stability theory to fully account for the effects of complex transport properties and the detailed reaction chemistry on the perturbation dynamics. The model is applied to a methane–air jet diffusion flame that was experimentally investigated by Füriet al.(Proc. Combust. Inst., vol. 29, 2002, pp. 1653–1661). Detailed simulations are performed to obtain mean flow quantities, about which the stability analysis is performed. Simulation results show that the growth rate of the inviscid instability mode is insensitive to the representation of the transport properties at low frequencies, and exhibits a stronger dependence on the mean flow representation. The effects of the complexity of the reaction chemistry on the stability behaviour are investigated in the context of an adiabatic jet flame configuration. Comparisons with a detailed chemical-kinetics model show that the use of a one-step chemistry representation in combination with a simplified viscous-diffusive transport model can affect the mean flow representation and heat release location, thereby modifying the instability behaviour. This is attributed to the shift in the flame structure predicted by the one-step chemistry model, and is further exacerbated by the representation of the transport properties. A pinch-point analysis is performed to investigate the stability behaviour; it is shown that the shear-layer instability is convectively unstable, while the outer buoyancy-driven instability mode transitions from absolutely to convectively unstable in the nozzle near field, and this transition point is dependent on the Froude number.

A one-step roll-to-roll process of stable AgNW/PEDOT:PSS solution using imidazole as a mild base for highly conductive and transparent films: optimizations and mechanisms

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (22) ◽  
pp. 5859-5868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyul Kim ◽  
So Yeon Kim ◽  
Moon Hyun Chung ◽  
Jeonghun Kim ◽  
Jung Hyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Electrical And Optical Properties ◽  
Transparent Films ◽  
Slot Die Coating ◽  
Roll To Roll ◽  
Transparent Conducting ◽  
Slot Die ◽  
Coating Method ◽  
One Step

An AgNW/PEDOT:PSS coated, transparent, conducting, roll film (460 mm in width × 20 m in length) with good electrical and optical properties was produced using the roll-to-roll slot-die coating method.

scholarly journals Improving the stability and optical properties of germanane via one-step covalent methyl-termination

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shishi Jiang ◽  
Sheneve Butler ◽  
Elisabeth Bianco ◽  
Oscar D. Restrepo ◽  
Wolfgang Windl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
One Step ◽  
The Stability

Stability of carbon monoxide oxidation process on gold nanoparticles

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-124
Author(s):  
P. P. Kostrobij ◽  
◽  
I. A. Ryzha ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Reaction Mechanisms ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Lyapunov Method ◽  
Catalyst Surface ◽  
Carbon Monoxide Oxidation ◽  
One Step ◽  
The Stability

The stability conditions for mathematical models of carbon monoxide oxidation on the surface of gold nanoparticles are investigated. The cases of reaction mechanisms of one-step and step-by-step transformation of reagents are consecutively considered. Using the stability analysis by Lyapunov method, it is shown that models which take into account the possibility of structural changes of the catalyst surface can predict the occurrence of oscillatory mode in the system as a result of Hopf instability.

scholarly journals Facile fabrication of porous BiVO4 hollow spheres with improved visible-light photocatalytic properties

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 6395-6404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Mao ◽  
Qian Wu ◽  
Feifei Tao ◽  
Wen Xu ◽  
Tianjie Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Porous Structure ◽  
Solution Method ◽  
Hollow Spheres ◽  
Bismuth Vanadate ◽  
Photocatalytic Properties ◽  
One Step ◽  
Facile Fabrication ◽  
Visible Light Photocatalytic

Bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) hollow spheres with porous structure have been successfully fabricated by a one-step wet solution method with no surfactant and template.

scholarly journals One-Step Bark-Like Imitated Polypropylene (PP)/Polycarbonate (PC) Nanofibrous Meltblown Membrane for Efficient Particulate Matter Removal

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting-Ting Li ◽  
Xixi Cen ◽  
Hai-Tao Ren ◽  
Fei Sun ◽  
Qi Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Average Fiber Diameter ◽  
Efficient Removal ◽  
Filtration Performance ◽  
Innovative Method ◽  
High Efficient ◽  
One Step ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Pm Removal

A bark-like imitated polypr opylene (PP)/polycarbonate (PC) nanofibrous membrane was constructed by one-step meltblown technique for efficient particulate matter (PM) removal. The effects of PC content (0%, 1%, 3%, 5%, and 7%) on membrane thermal stability, microscopic characteristics, filtration performance, hydrophilicity, and water vapor transmission were investigated. The results demonstrated that using facile design of incompatibility and viscosity difference between PC and PP polymers decreases average fiber diameter, creating a bark-like groove appearance and increasing surface potential, making a new PP/PC membrane with high filtration performance. The resultant PP/PC membrane had finer average fiber diameter of 0.63 μm, which was nearly 89.41% lower than PP membranes (5.95 μm), and its quality factor (0.036 Pa−1) was nearly 2.12 times than that of PP membranes (0.017 Pa−1) with the die hole diameter of 0.5 mm. This fabrication technique of a special meltblown filter membrane saves the cost of die retrofitting and post-processing, which provides an innovative method for particulate efficient removal of high efficient filters.

scholarly journals An Optimized Pulse-Counting Method for Compensation Vector Calculation in the Automatic Balancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Lifang Chen ◽  
Bo Zhou ◽  
Zhaoju Li ◽  
Yixiang Guo ◽  
Ziwen Yan
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Counting Method ◽  
Pulse Counting ◽  
High Speed Data Acquisition ◽  
One Step ◽  
High Speed Data ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Automatic Balancing

The accuracy of the counterweight positions in an automatic balancing system deeply affects dynamic balancing. Compensation vector is synthesized by the two counterweights located in the electromagnetic dual-weight automatic balancer. Therefore, if the position of the counterweight is inaccurate, it may result in a wrong adjustment and a larger imbalance of the rotor system. In this paper, an optimized pulse counting method for compensation vector calculation in an electromagnetic dual-weight balancing system is proposed based on a programmable logic controller (PLC). A propeller automatic balancing simulation test bench is used to verify the effect of the method by obtaining the positions of the counterweights and synthesizing the compensation vector in the working mode. The error is less than 1/80 which means that it does not exceed one step in the 80-position-balancer at 1200 rpm. The proposed control system can work without computers or high-speed data acquisition equipment, which improves the stability and flexibility of the control system, facilitates the design of the automatic balancing system, and shows excellent potential for industrial applications.

scholarly journals One Step Closer to Clinical Translation: Enhanced Tumor Targeting of [99mTc]Tc-DB4 and [111In]In-SG4 in Mice Treated with Entresto

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1145
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Kanellopoulos ◽  
Aikaterini Kaloudi ◽  
Maritina Rouchota ◽  
George Loudos ◽  
Marion de Jong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Targeting ◽  
Metabolic Stability ◽  
Clinical Translation ◽  
Tumor Uptake ◽  
Gastrin Releasing Peptide ◽  
Cognate Receptor ◽  
One Step ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact

Background: Peptide radioligands may serve as radionuclide carriers to tumor sites overexpressing their cognate receptor for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. Treatment of mice with the neprilysin (NEP)-inhibitor phosphoramidon was previously shown to improve the metabolic stability and tumor uptake of biodegradable radiopeptides. Aiming to clinical translation of this methodology, we herein investigated the impact of the approved pill Entresto, releasing the potent NEP-inhibitor LBQ657 in vivo, on the stability and tumor uptake of two radiopeptides. Methods: The metabolic stability of [99mTc]Tc-DB4 (DB4, N4-Pro-Gln-Arg-Tyr-Gly-Asn-Gln-Trp-Ala-Val-Gly-His-Leu-Nle-NH2) and [111In]In-SG4 (SG4, DOTA-DGlu-Ala-Tyr-Gly-Trp-Nle-Asp-Phe-NH2) was tested in LBQ657/Entresto-treated mice vs. untreated controls. The uptake in gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR)-, or cholecystokinin subtype 2 receptor (CCK2R)-positive tumors respectively, was compared between LBQ657/Entresto-treated mice and untreated controls. Results: LBQ657/Entresto treatment induced marked stabilization of [99mTc] Tc-DB4 and [111In]In-SG4 in peripheral mice blood, resulting in equally enhanced tumor uptake at 4 h post-injection. Accordingly, the [99mTc]Tc-DB4 uptake of 7.13 ± 1.76%IA/g in PC-3 tumors increased to 16.17 ± 0.71/17.50 ± 3.70%IA/g (LBQ657/Entresto) and the [111In]In-SG4 uptake of 3.07 ± 0.87%IA/g in A431-CCK2R(+) tumors to 8.11 ± 1.45/9.61 ± 1.70%IA/g. Findings were visualized by SPECT/CT. Conclusions: This study has shown the efficacy of Entresto to notably improve the profile of [99mTc]Tc-DB4 and [111In]In-SG4 in mice, paving the way for clinical translation of this approach.

The bursting of soap-bubbles in a uniform electric field

1925 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 728-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. T. R. Wilson ◽  
G. I. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Water Drop ◽  
The Other ◽  
Uniform Electric Field ◽  
Geometrical Shape ◽  
Soap Bubble ◽  
Charged Drop ◽  
Mathematical Discussion ◽  
Mathematical Expressions ◽  
The Stability

The stability of a charged raindrop has been discussed mathematically by Lord Rayleigh. The case of an uncharged drop in a uniform electric field is perhaps of more meteorological importance but a mathematical discussion of the conditions for stability turns out to be very much more difficult in this case, owing to the fact that the drop ceases to be spherical before it bursts. Moreover it does not seem possible to express its geometrical shape by means of any simple mathematical expressions. On the other hand, by using a soap bubble instead of a water drop it was found possible to carry out experiments under well-defined conditions in this case, whereas experiments with Rayleigh's charged drop would be difficult.

Stability and Vibrations of Compressed, Aeolotropic, Composite Cylindrical Shells

1982 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 843-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Greenberg ◽  
Y. Stavsky
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Orientation ◽  
Vibration Analysis ◽  
Solution Method ◽  
Cylindrical Shells ◽  
Critical Buckling Load ◽  
Method Of Solution ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Winding Angle ◽  
General Method ◽  
Composite Cylindrical Shells

A general method of solution, based on a complex finite Fourier transform, is adopted for the stability and vibration analysis of compressed, aeolotropic, composite cylindrical shells. A major feature of the solution method is its ability to handle both uniform and nonuniform conditions that hold at the boundaries of finite-length cylindrical shells. For the various shells investigated, an optimum winding angle was found for which a maximum frequency response and highest critical buckling load is attainable. Similar optimization was also discovered to be possible by controlling both/either shell heterogeneity and/or fiber orientation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document